Ibhalwe ngu-Alison Broinowski ICanberra Times, Mashi 18, i-2023
Ekugcineni, ngemva kwamashumi amabili eminyaka, i-Australia ayilwi. Isiphi isikhathi esingcono kunamanje kwezinye "izifundo ezifundiwe", njengoba amasosha athanda ukuzibiza?
Manje, onyakeni wama-20 wokuhlasela kwethu i-Iraq, yisikhathi sokunquma ngokumelene nezimpi ezingadingekile ngenkathi sisakwazi. Uma ufuna ukuthula, lungiselela ukuthula.
Nokho ojenene baseMelika nabasekeli babo base-Australia balindele impi eseduze neChina.
INyakatho ye-Australia iphendulwa ibutho lamasosha aseMelika, okusobala ukuthi elokuzivikela kodwa lisetshenziselwa ubudlova.
Ngakho yiziphi izifundo esizifundile kusukela ngo-March 2003?
I-Australia yalwa izimpi ezimbili eziyinhlekelele e-Afghanistan nase-Iraq. Uma uhulumeni wase-Albanese engachazi ukuthi kanjani futhi kungani, kanye nomphumela, kungenzeka futhi.
Ngeke kube nenhlanhla okwesithathu uma uhulumeni ebophezela i-ADF ukulwa neChina. Njengoba imidlalo yempi yase-US ephindaphindiwe ibikezele, impi enjalo izohluleka, futhi izophela ngokuhlehla, ukunqotshwa, noma okubi nakakhulu.
Kusukela kwakhethwa i-ALP ngoMeyi, uhulumeni uhambe ngesivinini esincomekayo ukufeza izithembiso zakhe zoshintsho kunqubomgomo yezomnotho nezenhlalakahle. UNgqongqoshe Wezangaphandle uPenny Wong's flying fox diplomacy uyahlaba umxhwele.
Kodwa ekuzivikeleni, akukho shintsho olucatshangelwayo. Imithetho yezinhlangothi ezimbili.
UNgqongqoshe Wezokuvikela uRichard Marles wagomela ngoFebhuwari 9 ukuthi i-Australia izimisele ukuvikela ubukhosi bayo. Kepha inguqulo yakhe yokuthi kusho ukuthini ubukhosi e-Australia iyaphikiswa.
Umehluko wabanduleli beLabour uyamangaza. Izithombe zikaKeegan Carroll, uPhillip Biggs, uPaul Scambler
Njengoba abagxeki abambalwa beshilo, ngaphansi kwe-2014 Force Posture Agreement i-Australia ayinakho ukulawula ukufinyelela, ukusetshenziswa, noma ukuqhubeka kwezikhali zase-US noma izinto zokusebenza ezimiswe emhlabathini wethu. Ngaphansi kwesivumelwano se-AUKUS, i-US inganikezwa ukufinyelela nokulawula okwengeziwe.
Lokhu kuphambene nobukhosi, ngoba kusho ukuthi i-US ingaqala ukuhlasela, ithi, iChina evela e-Australia ngaphandle kwesivumelwano noma ulwazi lukahulumeni wase-Australia. I-Australia izoba inhloso yommeleli wokuziphindiselela kweShayina ngokumelene ne-US.
Lokho ubukhosi ngokusobala busho futhi kuMarles yilungelo likahulumeni ophethe - uNdunankulu kanye nomunye oyedwa noma ababili - ukwenza njengoba kufunwa umlingani wethu waseMelika. Ukuziphatha kwesekela likasherifu, kanye ne-bipartisan.
Ezethulweni ezingu-113 ophenyweni lwasephalamende ngoDisemba olumayelana nendlela i-Australia enquma ngayo ukungena ezimpini zaphesheya kwezilwandle, ezingama-94 ziveze ukwehluleka kwalezo zinhlelo zokuqoka ukaputeni, futhi zacela izinguquko. Abaningi babona ukuthi baholele ekubhaliseleni i-Australia ezimpini ezingenanzuzo ezilandelanayo.
Kodwa uMarles unombono oqinile wokuthi izinhlelo zase-Australia zokuya empini zifanelekile futhi akufanele ziphazanyiswe. Iphini likasihlalo wekomiti elincane lophenyo, u-Andrew Wallace, ngokusobala akawunaki umlando, uthe uhlelo lwamanje lusisize kahle.
UNgqongqoshe Wezokuvikela utshele iPhalamende ngoFebhuwari 9 ukuthi amandla okuvikela e-Australia angaphansi kokubona kukahulumeni omkhulu. Iqiniso: bekulokhu kuyisimo.
UPenny Wong weseka uMarles, wengeza eSenate ukuthi "kubalulekile ekuvikelekeni kwezwe" ukuthi uNdunankulu kufanele agcine ilungelo lobukhosi lempi.
Nokho isigungu esiphezulu, wengeza, “kufanele siphendule ePhalamende”. Ukuthuthukisa ukuziphendulela kwephalamende ngesinye sezithembiso okwakhethwa kuzo abazimele ngoMeyi.
Kepha ondunankulu bangaqhubeka nokuzibophezela e-Australia empini ngaphandle kokuziphendulela nhlobo.
Amalungu ePhalamende kanye nezigele abanalo izwi. Sekuyiminyaka amaqembu amancane efuna ukuguqulwa kwalo mkhuba.
Ushintsho olungase lube umphumela wophenyo lwamanje luyisiphakamiso sokuhlanganisa izingqungquthela - okungukuthi, uhulumeni kufanele avumele ukucutshungulwa kwephalamende kwesiphakamiso sempi, kanye nenkulumo-mpikiswano.
Kodwa uma nje lingekho ivoti, akukho okuzoshintsha.
Umehluko wabanduleli beLabour uyamangaza. U-Arthur Calwell, njengomholi ophikisayo, wakhuluma isikhathi eside ngoMeyi 4, 1965 ngokumelene nokuzibophezela kwamabutho ase-Australia eVietnam.
Isinqumo sikaNdunankulu uMenzies, uCallwell uthe, sasingahlakaniphile futhi asilungile. Bekungeke kuqhubekisele phambili ukulwa nobukhomanisi. Yayisekelwe ekucabangeni okungamanga mayelana nesimo sempi yaseVietnam.
Ngobuhlakani obukhulu, uCalwell uxwayise ngokuthi “inkambo yethu yamanje idlalela ezandleni zeChina, futhi inqubomgomo yethu yamanje, uma ingashintshiwe, izoholela ngokuqinisekile futhi ngokungenakuvinjwa ukuhlazeka kweMelika e-Asia”.
Wabuza, yini ethuthukisa ukuphepha nokusinda kwezwe lethu? Hhayi, waphendula, ethumela ibutho labantu base-Australia abangama-800 eVietnam.
Ngokuphambene, uCalwell waphikisa, ukuzibandakanya kwezempi okunganaki kwe-Australia kungasongela ukuma kwe-Australia namandla ethu ngokuhle e-Asia, kanye nokuvikeleka kwezwe lethu.
Njengondunankulu, uGough Whitlam akazange athume abantu base-Australia empini. Wandisa ngokushesha inkonzo yangaphandle yase-Australia, waqeda ukuhoxa kwamasosha ase-Australia eVietnam ngo-1973, futhi wasabisa ngokuvala i-Pine Gap ngaphambi nje kokuba akhishwe ngo-1975.
Eminyakeni engamashumi amabili edlule kule nyanga, omunye umholi weqembu eliphikisayo, u-Simon Crean, wasigxeka isinqumo sika-John Howard sokuthumela i-ADF e-Iraq. "Njengoba ngikhuluma, siyisizwe esisonqenqemeni lwempi", utshele iNational Press Club ngoMashi 20, 2003.
I-Australia ibiphakathi kwamazwe amane kuphela ajoyine umfelandawonye oholwa yi-US, lapho kubhekene nemibhikisho esabalele. Kwakuyimpi yokuqala, uCrean waveza, ukuthi i-Australia yayijoyine njengomhlaseli.
I-Australia yayingekho ngaphansi kosongo oluqondile. Asikho isinqumo soMkhandlu Wezokuphepha we-UN esavumelana nempi. Kepha i-Australia yayizohlasela i-Iraq, “ngoba i-US isicelile”.
UCrean wakhuluma egameni lezigidi zabantu base-Australia ababephikisana nempi. Amasosha kwakungamele athunyelwe manje kumele alethwe ekhaya.
UNdunankulu uJohn Howard wayebhalisele impi ezinyangeni ezedlule, kusho uCrean. “Ubehlale elinde ucingo. Leyo yindlela eyichilo yokuphatha inqubomgomo yethu yangaphandle”.
UCrean wathembisa njengondunankulu ukuthi akasoze avumela inqubomgomo yase-Australia ukuba inqunywe elinye izwe, angalokothi azibophezele empini engadingekile kuyilapho ukuthula kungenzeka, futhi akalokothi athumele abantu base-Australia empini ngaphandle kokubatshela iqiniso.
Abaholi banamuhla bezabaSebenzi bangacabangisisa ngalokho.
UDkt. Alison Broinowski, owayeyinxusa lase-Australia, ungumongameli we-Australians for War Powers Reform, kanye neLungu Lebhodi World BEYOND War.
Impendulo eyodwa
Njengesakhamuzi selinye izwe “elivamile”, eCanada, ngiyamangala ukuthi iMelika iphumelele kanjani ekungeniseni abantu abaningi kangaka emhlabeni ukuba bamukele impi njengomphumela ongenakugwenywa. I-USA isebenzise zonke izindlela ezikhona kule nhloso; kwezempi, kwezomnotho, kwezamasiko kanye lezombusazwe. Isebenzisa ithuluzi elinamandla lemidiya njengesikhali sokukhohlisa isixuku sonke. Uma leli thonya lingazange lisebenze kimi, futhi ngingelona uhlobo oluthile lokuphaphalaza, akufanele futhi lisebenze kunoma ubani omunye ovula amehlo akhe ukuze abone iqiniso. Abantu bamatasatasa ngokushintsha kwesimo sezulu (okuhle) nezinye izinto eziningi ezikha phezulu, kangangokuthi abezwa neze ukushaywa kwezigubhu zempi. Manje sesisondele ngokuyingozi e-Armagedoni, kodwa iMelika ithola izindlela zokususa kancane kancane amathuba okuvukela ukuze kungabi inketho engokoqobo. Kuyanyanyisa impela. Kumele siwuyeke umsangano!