Ukufundisa Imfazwe Ukuze Kubaluleke

“Andazi...ndithetha ukuba ndifuna ukuba ngomnye waba bantu…uyabazi abenza izinto, abadala utshintsho ndiyaqikelela…oku bekukhuthazekile…kundenze ndafuna ukwenza utshintsho…kodwa ndicinga ukuba andazi. Njani." Mna nabafundi abathathu sasihleli kwigumbi elincinane elikufutshane netafile engqukuva kwikona yeofisi yezifundo zentlalo. Abafundi babesandul’ ukugqiba iyunithi yokufundisa yeeveki ezintathu eyayigxile kwimibuzo emibini ebalulekileyo: Yintoni imfazwe yobulungisa? Siyiphelisa njani imfazwe? Utitshala wabo kunye nam siye sayila iyunithi bobabini abanomdla wokuba ukugxila ekugxekeni kunye nokuchasana nemfazwe kuya kuqinisa ingqiqo yabafundi, bancede baphuhlise imbono ebaluleke kakhulu yemfazwe kwaye bancede abafundi baqonde ukuba imfazwe inokumiswa ngokusebenza. kunye nabemi ababandakanyekayo. Ekupheleni kweyunithi, abafundi babengaqinisekanga kangako.

“Ndisoloko ndimangaliswa yindlela ezifundisa ngayo izikolo zaseMerika. Ndithetha ukuthi kukho iimfazwe ezisingqongileyo kwaye abafundisi-ntsapho balapha benza ngathi abekho baze bangazifundisi ngokuthe ngqo iimfazwe abazifundisayo.” Abanye abafundi ababekule ngxoxo bavuma. “Ewe, kufana nokuba bafundisa ukuba imfazwe imbi…kodwa sele sisazi ukuba…asifundisi nzulu. Ndithetha ukuba ndiyazi ngo-1939 kunye ne-Eisenhower nayo yonke loo nto...ndine-A kodwa ndiziva ngathi ndiyazi ukuba inzulu. Asikhe sithethe ngayo nantoni na.” Omnye umfundi wavuma ukunika umzekelo wexesha ababengena ngalo nzulu. “Xa sasifundisisa ngokuphoswa kweebhombu zeAthom eJapan saba nesemina yeentsuku ezimbini yokuhlolisisa amaxwebhu kodwa ngokwenene kwakungekho nto yahlukileyo koko kwakusezincwadini zethu. Ndiyathetha ukuba sonke siyazi ukuba iibhombu zeathom zimbi, kodwa akukho mntu wathetha ngokuchasene nazo ngaphandle nje ko-Einstein? Bendingazi ukuba kukho intshukumo echasene nemfazwe njengamaxesha onke de kube yile yunithi. ”

Ukudubula kwesikolo samabanga aphakamileyo iMarjorie Stoneman Douglas kunye nentshukumo eyalandelayo yayisele yenzekile. Iqela labafundi beSikolo samaBanga aPhakamileyo iStephens apho bendiqhubela khona isifundo kunye nokufundisa ngokubambisana iyunithi ithathe inxaxheba kuhambo oluququzelelweyo lwabafundi kwaye inani elincinane lithathe inxaxheba kumsitho wemizuzu eli-17 wokuphuma apho abafundi bebeza kufunda amagama Amaxhoba ali-17 e-Stoneman Douglas edubula ethule. Njengoninzi lwezikolo, iStephens High School iwonga uhambo lwemizuzu eli-17 sivumela abafundi ukuba bakhethe ukuthatha inxaxheba, ootitshala ukuba yayilixesha labo lokungenzi nto okanye iklasi yabo iphela. Ngenxa yokoyika ubundlobongela, abafundi bakwaStephens bazimase umsitho kunye nokhuseleko olunzima. Abafundi baye basabela ngeendlela ezahlukahlukeneyo. "Oh uthetha indibano?" waphendula omnye umfundi xa ndimbuza ukuba uyile na. "Uthetha isenzo esinyanzelweyo sentlalontle?" omnye wagqabaza. Iimbono zabafundi kuzo zombini iintshukumo zentlalo (umfundi uququzelelwe kunye nesikolo esilungelelanisiweyo) kakhulu ukusuka kwimisitho efunekayo ukuya ekungacwangcisweni (isiganeko somfundi) ukuya kunyanzeliso (isiganeko sesikolo).

Ndandicinga ukuba ubutshantliziyo obuboniswa ngu-Emma Gonzalez, uDavid Hogg, kunye nabanye abafundi abalwela amalungelo abafundi abaphuma kukudubula kukaDouglas ngebabonise abafundi bakaStephens indlela. Nangona udubulo kunye nobutshantliziyo budlale kakhulu kumajelo eendaba kangangeenyanga emva koko kwaye nangona sasifundisa ngabom sinobutshantliziyo, akukho bafundi badibanisa oko sikufundisileyo kumatsha ntliziyo kaStoneman de ndabaphakamisa kwingxoxo yeklasi. Ootitshala abaninzi endithethe nabo kwiphondo laseNorth Carolina babelane ngeempendulo eziphoxayo zabafundi. Omnye utitshala, othathe inxaxheba kuphononongo olukhulu endiluqhubayo ngokufundisa ngemfazwe wafundisa iyunithi emfutshane yokungathobeli, ukuchasa kunye nobutshantliziyo kwiintsuku ezingaphambi komzuzu we-Stoneman Douglas 17 imizuzu. Ngethemba lokuya kwi-rally ngokwakhe (wayenokuhamba kuphela ukuba bonke abafundi bakhe bahamba) wayemangalisiwe xa abafundi bakhe abathathu kuphela bakhetha "ukuphuma" ngenxa yesohlwayo sesikolo esisemthethweni. Xa wabuza isizathu sokuba abafundi bangayi wabuliswa ngabantu abaqhelekileyo oku, “Yimizuzu eli-17 kuphela,” eyona mibuzo ibalulekileyo ethi, “Ayizukwenza nto,” kwabona badla ngokunikwa, “andifuni kuphoswa yintlanganiso. isifundo…ngothini isihloko…ukungathobeli koluntu akunjalo?” Ubukho besizwe obunyuswayo bomzabalazo wabafundi obuchasene nobundlobongela bemipu bubonakala bungenzanga nto ukukhuthaza aba bafundi bendicinga ngelo xesha. Into endiyitolike njengokuchasa okanye ukungakhathali kubafundi bakaStoneman-Douglas eneneni yayiyimvakalelo eyothusayo yobukhulu bengxaki (yokuphelisa imfazwe) kwaye ndingazi nokuba mandiqale ngaphi. Kuba nakwiyunithi yethu yokufundisa igxile kwabo baxhathisa imfazwe ngokwembali, abafundi baziswa ebantwini, iintshukumo, kunye neentanda-bulumko kodwa hayi ukuba amanyathelo athile ayenokuchaswa yintoni ngokwenene, ukubangela utshintsho.

Iyunithi yokufundisa yaqala ngokubuza abafundi "Yintoni imfazwe elungileyo?" Sayichaza, sicela abafundi ukuba bachaze into abaya kukulungela ukuya emfazweni bona, abahlobo babo kunye nosapho lwabo. Ngamanye amazwi, ibingayi kuba ngomnye umntu, ibiya kuba ngabo abalwayo, abazabalazayo, abenzakalisayo nabafayo. Abafundi babenempendulo entsonkothileyo ebaleka uluhlu onokucinga ukuba abafundi bezikolo eziphakamileyo banokuvela. Iimpendulo zabafundi zibandakanya: "ukuba sihlaselwe," "ukuba ngumdla wethu welizwe," "ukuba umhlobo uhlaselwe ... kwaye sinesivumelwano kunye nabo," ukuba "ukuba kukho iqela elibulawayo owaziyo njengokuBulawa Kwabantu Ngenkohlakalo, ” ukuba “akukho mfazwe ingaze ibe yeyobulungisa.” Abafundi bebethetha kwaye benomdla malunga nezikhundla zabo kunye neembono zabo, bezivakalisa kakuhle. Babehamba kakuhle ekuhambiseni kwabo kwaye abafundi bakwazi ukusebenzisa inyani yembali njengomzekelo oxhasayo, kodwa abanye kuphela. Abafundi basebenzise iziganeko zembali njengezixhobo ezibuthuntu ezingakwaziyo ukuchaza ngokuthe ngqo okanye ukuya ngaphaya “kwaMajapane asihlasele!” okanye “UkuBulawa Kwabantu Ngenkohlakalo.” Abafundi babonakala beyithanda kakhulu iMfazwe Yehlabathi II ngomzekelo wabo ongokwembali owawuthethelela imfazwe, yaye abafundi ababeyichasa imfazwe okanye ababeyigxeka, batsala nzima. IMfazwe Yehlabathi II yayinjengoko omnye umfundi wathi, “imfazwe elungileyo.”

Iyunithi iqhubekile nokuphonononga ukuba imfazwe nganye eye yabandakanyeka eMelika yaqala njani kwiRevolution yaseMelika ngeemfazwe zase-Iraq nase-Afghanistan. Abafundi bothuswa zizizathu zobungqina. “Ndithetha ukuba yiza…babesazi ukuba uphi umda xa babethumela uTaylor ngaphaya komlambo” watsho omnye umfundi. "Ngenene uAdmiral Stockwell owayekwinqwelomoya phezu kweGulf of Tonkin akacingi ukuba inqanawa yaseMelika ihlaselwe?" omnye umfundi wabuza ngelizwi eliphantsi. Ukuqonda akuzange kukhokelele ekutshintsheni iingqondo. "Ke thina singamaMelika sijonge into esiyenzileyo ngomhlaba (othathwe eMexico)" kwaye "iVietnam yayingamakomanisi kwakungafuneki sihlaselwe ukuze siye emfazweni kunye nabo." Sivavanye iMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi kunye neMfazwe yaseVietnam njengezifundo ezithelekisa indlela iimfazwe ezaqala ngayo, indlela ezaliwa ngayo kunye nokuchaswa kwazo. Abafundi babenoluvo oluphangaleleyo lwentshukumo yokulwa nemfazwe ngexesha leVietnam, "njengamahippie kunye nezinto zilungile?" kodwa bothuswa kukuxhathisa ebudeni beMfazwe Yehlabathi II. Bamangaliswa ngakumbi kukuva ukuba kwakukho imbali ende yokuchaswa kwemfazwe eUnited States nakwamanye amazwe. Abafundi bachukunyiswa ngamabali abaphembeleli, amaxwebhu esiwafundileyo malunga nezenzo zabo, uJeanette Rankin uvota ngokuchasene nemfazwe ngaphambi kweMfazwe Yehlabathi I kunye neMfazwe Yehlabathi II, imingcelele, iintetho, ukunyathela, kunye nezinye izenzo ezicwangcisiweyo kwaye zasothuswa yimfazwe. inani lamabhinqa abandakanyekayo, “ayemaninzi gqitha amabhinqa” omnye umfundi obhinqileyo watsho ngoloyiko.

Abafundi bemka kule yunithi benoluvo olunzulu lweemfazwe eMelika ibekho kunye nokuqonda okungakumbi ngeMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi kunye neVietnam. Abafundi baphinde baqonda ukuba kukho imbali yokulwa nemfazwe kwaye bafumana iindlela eziqhelekileyo apho amatshantliziyo abandakanyeka kuzo. Nangona kunjalo, baziva becinezelekile kwaye belahlekile. “Yi (imfazwe) inzima kakhulu…inkulu kakhulu…Ndithetha ukuba ndiza kuqala ngaphi” watsho omnye umfundi ngexesha lodliwano-ndlebe. “Ndicinga ukuba oku (ukutshatyalaliswa kwabafundi) kusebenze, iiklasi ezininzi kufuneka zifane nale… kwaye ayinakuba nje ziiveki ezimbini ezinesiqingatha” wabele omnye umfundi. "Kuluntu sifunda konke malunga neetshekhi kunye neebhalansi, ukuba umthetho oyilwayo uba ngumthetho njani, ukuba abemi babe nelizwi ... kodwa asizange sifunde ukulungelelanisa okanye ukuthanda ukwenza utshintsho. Sixelelwa ukuba sinelizwi kodwa andizange ndifundise indlela yokulisebenzisa,” watsho omnye umfundi. Omnye umfundi uphendule ngelithi nangona ephikisana, “Oku bekunzima… Ndithetha ukuba yaziva ngathi ngaphezulu. Yayiyinto enzima ke leyo esiyifundayo…andazi nokuba…andazi ukuba abafundi bangakufunda na oku kwiiklasi ezininzi.

Ukusukela kwiziganeko zomhla we-11 kuSeptemba 2001 iUnited States ibisoloko ikwimeko yemfazwe engaguqukiyo. Abafundi kufuneka bafundiswe ibali elinobucukubhede nelipheleleyo malunga neemfazwe eMelika ethe yabandakanyeka kuzo. Mhlawumbi ngakumbi okufunekayo lutshintsho kwindlela esifundisa ngayo uluntu, urhulumente kunye nabemi. Ngokubhekiselele kwimfazwe kunye nokuba ngabemi endaweni yokuphindaphinda abantu, iindawo, iziganeko, kunye nemisebenzi ebandakanya ukucinga okunzulu, kufuneka sincede abafundi bethu bafunde ukusebenzisa amazwi abo, ukubhala kwabo, uphando lwabo, kunye nokusebenza kwabo kwiindawo zokwenyani ezibandakanya. iziganeko zokwenyani. Ukuba olu hlobo lobummi alubi ngumkhwa iimfazwe zethu ziya kuqhubeka ngaphandle koluvo lokwenyani lokuba kutheni okanye nini okanye njani ukuba zimiswe.