NguJon Letman, Guardian
Abakhenkethi bathatha ii-selfies kunxweme olunesanti emhlophe, okanye batshize kumanzi ase-aquamarine kude neRitidian Point, incam esemantla eGuam, indawo yesiqithi sePasifiki “apho usuku lwaseMelika luqala khona”.
Ngumboniso ongathandekiyo, kodwa ngaphandle kokubonwa, ufihlwe emva kwamawa aphezulu ekalika, iUmkhosi waseMelika ulungele imfazwe.
Ukuba ukungavisisani phakathi kwe-US kunye ne-China okanye iNorth Korea kukhe kwaqhubeka kungquzulwano lwasemkhosini, imikhosi yaseMelika apha inokuba phakathi kwabokuqala ukwazi: I-Guam imalunga nomgama ofanayo ukusuka kuLwandle lwase-China kunye ne-Peninsula yaseKorea.
Isiqithi singummandla ongalawulekiyo-okanye njengoko abanye besitsho, ikoloni-ebaluleke kakhulu kwisicwangciso-qhinga sayo kugxininiswa kwinqanaba lokulwa.
Phantse i-28% yesi siqithi sihlala emkhosini, kwaye uninzi lwabemi be-165,000 boyika ukuba iziseko zaseGuam ziyakoyiswa ukuba cwangciso qhubela phambili phantse kabini ubukho bomkhosi wase-US.
Amawaka amathandathu abasebenzi basemkhosini base-US babekwe esiqithini, kodwa isicwangciso sokwandisa ixesha elide siza kubandakanya i-5,000 yolwandle eyongezelelweyo (isibini kwisithathu ngokujikelezayo) kunye nabaxhomekeke kwi-1,300 eqala ngo-2022.
Igqwetha lamalungelo abantu uJulian Aguon kwiofisi yalo eHagåtña, ikomkhulu lesi siqithi, lathi: “Ibali lomkhosi waseGuam alinakwahlulwa kwibali lobuthanga.
“Ngokunyaniseka, kunzima ukuphendula kumbuzo wokuba umkhosi ubachaphazela njani abantu eGuam kuba inkulu kakhulu. Indawo yemizi-mveliso yezomkhosi iqhuba kakuhle apha.”
Ukucwangciswa ngokutsha kolwandle okucwangcisiweyo kuyingxenye yomzamo wokunciphisa ukuxhatshazwa kwisiqithi saseJapan sase-Okinawa, apho kukho inkcaso ekrakra kubukho bempi yase-US. NgoJuni, malunga nama-65,000 abaqhankqalazi bizelwa ukuvalwa kweziseko zase-US kwisiqithi saseJapan.
Kodwa ngelixa ukuncitshiswa komkhosi kunokwamkeleka e-Okinawa, ayinguye wonke umntu okwiGuam onomdla wokubona ukwakhiwa.
“Into yile, ayiwoncisi mthwalo, iwususa kwenye indawo- kule meko isiwe eGuam,” utshilo uGqr Vivian Dames, umphathi we-Beyond the Fence, inkqubo yeRadio yaseGuam ephonononga iimpembelelo zomkhosi waseMelika.
“Asingo-Okinawa, asilolizwe lasemzini, asingombuso. Besiyikoloni yase-US ukusukela ngo-1898 kunye nabemi base-US ukusukela ngo-1950. Ke ngoko, ubudlelwane phakathi koluntu nomkhosi bunzima kakhulu kwaye buxakeke kakhulu kwaye buyaphikisana, utshilo uDames.
“Asingombandela nje wokumela okanye ngokuchasene nokwakha,” utshilo.
Emva kokuba iUnited States inyanzelise iJapan isuka eGuam ngehlobo lowe-1944, i-US yathatha indima yomkhululi, yafumana ukunconywa kunye nomsindo obonakalayo namhlanje: Izinga lokubhaliswa emkhosini laseGuam lihlala liphakathi kwelona lizwe liphakamileyo.
I-US nayo ahluthe umhlaba ukuze kusetyenziswe yona. Emazantsi, i-Naval Base Guam i izibuko lasekhaya kwiinkwili ezine ezikhawulezayo zohlaselo lwenyukliya kunye nebutho lenqwelomoya elibalekayo. Kufuphi, i Isihlomelo soMdaniso waseLwandle igubungela i-18,000 yeehektare. Isiqithi sikwalikhaya le-a IKhompyutha yaseLwandle kunye neSikhululo soNxibelelwano kwaye Joint Region Marianas ikomkhulu, eyongamela uvavanyo 984,000-square-mile kunyeuqeqesho lomlilo ophilayo Indawo.
Emantla, iAndersen air force base base izindlu a ubukho obuqhubekayo bebhombu kunye nemishini yokuqinisekisa iziqhushumbisi kunye nokuthintela, kubandakanywa iiB-52 ezintandathu apho umkhosi womoya uthi ubonelela "ngesakhono sogwayimbo lwehlabathi jikelele [ukunqanda abachasi abanokubakho kunye nokubonelela ngengqinisekiso kumahlakani".
Ukuqhuba nje okufutshane kwintlango ebiyelweyo yemithi yetangan-tangan ehlaselayo, aindawo yokhuselo yommandla wobude obuphezulu (THAAD) ibhetri yokukhusela i-missile isetyenziswe kwi-2013. Kungekudala, iNorth Korea yathi ingakwazi ukubetha iziseko ze-US Pacifickwaye iChina iye yaphuhlisa umjukujelwa obizwa ngokuba “Guam Killer".
Kwabanye abahlali baseGuam, iimayile zocingo lwencakuba olurhangqe iziseko zingumthombo wenzondo-kwaye sisikhumbuzo esithe rhoqo solawulo lomkhosi wase-US.
UHope Cristobal, owayesakuba ngumphathiswa wendlu yowiso-mthetho eGuam uthi: “Kufuneka uqonde isayikholoji yeengcingo. "Kukho umqobo okuxelela ukuba, ngaphandle, awamkelekanga ukuba ungene."
Amanye amanqaku okungoneliseki abandakanya inkqubo yemfundo eyahlukanisiweyo (abantwana abavela kwiintsapho zasemkhosini baya kwizikolo ezahlukeneyo ezilawulwa liSebe lezoKhuselo), ukuhluthwa komhlaba kumashumi eminyaka ubudala, izibonelelo zezindlu zomkhosi abathi abachasi bathi ngokungafanelekanga zijika izindlu nomhlaba kunye neendleko zezindlu, amaxabiso athotyiweyo okutya, ipetroli. kunye nezinye iimpahla (ezilinganiselwe kubasebenzi basemkhosini), ukungcoliseka kwendalo kunye nokuthintelwa ukufikelela kwimihlaba yabucala, yoluntu kunye neyeminyanya.
Kodwa ngelixa abanye abahlali bebucaphukela ubukho basemkhosini, uninzi lwamashishini aseGuam bathi kubalulekile kwikamva lesi siqithi.
“Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba njengoqoqosho lweziqithi, oluseGuam lubuthathaka kakhulu. Ngokwenene sinokhenketho kunye nomkhosi kuphela - kwaye siyazifuna zombini, ”utshilo uJeff Jones, usihlalo wekomiti yemikhosi exhobileyo yeGuam Chamber of Commerce.
Njengabanye abaxhasi, uJones uthi ubukho bomkhosi waseGuam abuboneleli nje kuphela ukhuseleko kunye nozinzo, kuzisa izibonelelo zemali ngokuthe ngqo ngendlela yengqesho kunye Imali yeCandelo lama-30 (ngaphezulu kwe-100 yezigidi zeedola ngonyaka), eziyingeniso yerhafu evela emkhosini ejikelwe eGuam.
Kwi-imeyile, uJones walatha phantse kwi-250 yezigidi zeerandi kwiiprojekthi zomkhosi ezisalindelweyo ezifana ne-igloos yokugcina izixhobo, ii-drone hangars zokucupha, izibonelelo zonxibelelwano ngesathelayithi kunye nezindlu zabasebenzi (ulwakhiwo lwaselwandle lufuna ukwakhiwa kwamakhaya angama-535 anosapho olunye kunye ukuya kuthi ga kwi-barracks emisha elishumi. ).
NgokukaJones, eyona miba ibalulekileyo yaseGuam ibandakanya ingqesho, imfundo, uqoqosho, ukhathalelo lwempilo, ulwaphulo-mthetho kunye neziseko zophuhliso. “Ukwakhiwa bekungekho phezulu kwiinkxalabo zabavoti,” utshilo uJones.
Kodwa abagxeki bachaza ubudlelwane be-Guam nomkhosi njengokuxhomekeka okuthe kratya, besithi umkhosi ungamandla angenelelayo aqhuba kakubi ulongamo lwezopolitiko kunye nesazisi senkcubeko.
Nangona kunjalo, inkonzo yasemkhosini ihlala isisithethe sezizukulwana ezininzi, esinamasebe amaninzi kwiintsapho ezininzi zaseGuam.
Nyaka ngamnye nge-21 kaJulayi, inyambalala yabahlali baseGuam ihlanganisana ecaleni kweHagatna's Marine Corps Drive (eyaphinda yabizwa ngokuba yiMarine Drive ngo-2004) kumngcelele wokubhiyozela unyaka weGuam. Usuku lweNkululeko kwaye uhloniphe umkhosi.
“Besisoloko sinomkhosi,” satsho isithethi sendlu yowiso-mthetho yaseGuam, uJudith Won Pat, onezalamane ezisebenza kuwo onke amasebe eenkonzo ezixhobileyo. “[Umkhosi] umiliselwe kuluntu lwethu, kubomi bethu. Ifana nendalo yesibini kuye wonke umntu.”
EGuam, abameli bomkhosi, umkhosi wasemanzini, kunye nomkhosi womoya bonke banqabile izicelo zokudliwanondlebe, kodwa kwi-imeyile, isithethi semicimbi yoluntu yase-US Pacific uCmdr Dave Benham uthe, "Sisebenza kwaye siqinisa ulungelelwaniso kwi-Asia-Pacific. . Ubukho bemikhosi yangaphambili kunye nokuzibandakanya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekomelezeni amandla ezizwe zasePasifiki kunye namaqabane okuzikhusela nokuzikhusela. ”
Nanjengoko iGuam idibanisa ikamva lobume bayo bezopolitiko kunye nobudlelwane ne-United States, abantu abaninzi baseMelika bahlala bengayazi indima ephambili yesiqithi kukhuseleko lwase-US.
UGqr Robert Underwood, umongameli weYunivesithi yaseGuam kunye nowayesakuba ngumthunywa kwiCongress, uthethe ngokungabikho kombulelo ngokuzincama kukaGuam. “Kwabo bantu banenkathalo, [iGuam] yinqaba yomkhosi kwaye ivumela iUnited States ukuba ibonise amandla ayo kulo mmandla wehlabathi. Kubantu abangazi nto ingako ngeGuam, ngumgca wokulahla kwindawo ekude okanye ekude: 'Uya phi?'”
Uqhubeke wathi, “Inkxalabo ayiyombono yoluntu lwaseMelika. Inkxalabo eneneni yile: ingaba iGuam inomgaqo-nkqubo ohambelanayo malunga nekamva layo kunye nobudlelwane bayo emkhosini. Kwaye ukuba uya kuba nobudlelwane obuqhubekayo nomkhosi, uyisebenzisa njani inzuzo yakho? Kuba yonke indalo yobudlelwane isekwe kwingcinga yokuba iGuam inendima yasemkhosini. ”
Ithathwe kuMgcini: https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2016/aug/01/guam-us-military-marines-deployment
