By URory Fanning, TomDispatch.com
Kwiveki ephelileyo, kwivenkile yeencwadi ye-indie ethe cwaka kwicala elingasentla laseChicago, ndabona umba wamva nje we Stone Rolling ukuphumla kwitafile yeplastiki enombala we-chrome ezinyaweni ezimbalwa ukusuka kwi-barista eyenza i-vanilla latte. Kwanetha imvula ebandayo kaOktobha ngaphandle. Umhlobo wam wawubamba lo mbandela waza waqalisa ukuwuphenya. Esazi ukuba ndiligqala, wathi, “Hee, uyibonile le nto?” ekhomba ibali leendaba elibonakala ngathi li ad. Ifundeke ngokuyinxenye:
“Ngolu suku lwamaGqirha, uBruce Springsteen, uEminem, uRihanna, uDave Grohl, kunye noMetallica baya kuba phakathi kwamagcisa amaninzi aya kubhekisa kwiNational Mall eWashington DC nge-11 kaNovemba kwi-'The Concert For Valor,' umsitho weenkwenkwezi zonke ezakuthi. zinika imbeko kwiinkonzo ezixhobileyo.”
“Ikonsathi yeValor? Oku kuvakala ngathi yinto urhulumente waseNorth Korea azakuququzelela, ”ndatsho ndichwetheza iConcertforvalor.com kwiMacBook Pro yam ndifuna ulwazi oluthe kratya.
Isandi esifunxayo esivela kumenzi we-espresso sasikhupha ingoma ye-Shins eneminyaka eyi-10. Ndithe ndisafunda, intliziyo yam yatshona, amagxa am egebenga.
Iindwendwe ezikhethekileyo kwiKonsathi yeValor zaziza kubandakanya: uMeryl Streep, uTom Hanks, kunye noSteven Spielberg. Umsebenzi wekonsathi, ngokutsho kwe-a upapasho ndaba zekhampani, “yayikukwenza abantu baqonde” ngemiba yamagqala kunye “nokulungiselela iqonga likazwelonke lokuqinisekisa ukuba amagqala neentsapho zawo ayazi ukuba umbulelo wabazalwana bawo ngowokwenene.”
Owayesakuba nguNobhala wezoKhuseleko uRobert Gates kunye nowayesakuba nguSihlalo we-Joint Chiefs u-Admiral Michael Mullen babeza kukhonza kwindawo yokucebisa, kunye ne-Starbucks, i-HBO, kunye ne-JPMorgan Chase yayiza kuhlawula yonke into. "Siwongekile ukuba sidlale indima encinci ekuncedeni ukwazisa kunye nenkxaso kumadoda nabasetyhini bethu benkonzo," utshilo usihlalo we-HBO uRichard Plepler.
Nangona ndandingenako ukutsho ukuba kutheni, laa Konsathi yentengiso yeValor yaziva idiniwe kwaye ilusizi, ngaphandle kwemifanekiso kaRihanna ecula ngokupheleleyo kwimakrofoni yegolide kunye noJames Hetfield kunye noKirk Hammett baseMetallica belila ngeekatala zabo. Ndandisifumene esam isabelo “sombulelo” kubahlali xa ndandisenguMkhosi woMkhosi wase-US. Ngubani ongazange? Ibingumxholo ongapheliyo wexesha langemva kwe-9/11, indlela ebenombulelo ngayo kwabanye abantu baseMelika ngokuba siza kwenza… kulungile, yintoni kanye kanye, kubo? Nantsi ke kwakhona. Khange ndikwazi ukuzibamba ndizibuze: Ngaba amagqala kwindawo ethile angawuva umbulelo owenziwe yi-Starbucks kunye ne-HBO enethemba lokuwudlulisela?
Ndigoduke ndaphekela umkam nentombazana encinci isidlo sangokuhlwa sikwimeko edakumbileyo, ndicinga ngela gama elithi "ubugorha" ebelizakuba sembindini womsitho kwaye ndizibuza ngeHolo yoDumo ekwisithuba samashumi amabini ananye. inkulungwane yenkululeko eyayiyikhuthaza okanye iceba ukuyincoma: Stone Rolling, iphephancwadi likaHunter S. Thompson nazo zonke izinto ze<em>rock and roll; UBruce Springsteen, iqhawe elisebenza kwiibhiliyoni zeedola; U-Eminem, i-rapper emhlophe ethengise iirekhodi ezininzi kuno-Elvis; I-Metallica, i-crew eyamangalela i-Napster kunye nebhendi yentsimbi ekhethiweyo kulutsha oluninzi oluneenwele ezinde, olungavunyelwanga kwiminyaka yoo-1980 kunye no-1990. Bonke babeza kuthi "enkosi" - kwakhona.
Ukuphakamisa (Kukabani?) Ukuqonda
Emva kwexesha ngobo busuku, ndahlala phantsi ndaza ndajonga kuGoogle “izilwanyana ezihlonitshiweyo.” Amanqaku amaninzi kunye namashumi amabali abekwe ngokukhawuleza kwiscreen sam. (Zama ngokwakho.) Enye yezinto zokuqala endizicofeyo yaba ngumbhiyozo weminyaka engama-50 I-Bangor, Maine, yesiganeko seGulf of Tonkin, ekuthiwa yiPearl Harbor yeMfazwe yaseVietnam. IRhuluneli uPaul LePage wathetha kabukhali ngamagqala aloo mfazwe: “La madoda acelwa ukuba aye kwilizwe lasemzini aze akhusele inkululeko yethu. Kwaye abazange baphathwe ngembeko xa bebuyela ekhaya. Ngoku lixesha lokuba sikuvume oko.”
IVietnam, wanyanzelisa, yayimalunga nokukhusela inkululeko-ingcaciso elula nemsulwa yemfazwe ende neyoyikekayo. Ukuze ungalibali, irhuluneli kunye nabo babehlanganisene e-Bangor ngaloo mini babebhiyozela "isiganeko" esiseluthukuthezi esachaphazela ukunyuka okukhulu kwemfazwe yaseMelika. Kwabangwa ukuba iinqanawa zokujikeleza zaseNyakatho Vietnam zazihlasele kabini umtshabalalisi waseMelika, nangona uMongameli uLyndon Johnson kamva wacebisa ukuba esi siganeko sinokuba sibandakanya ukudubula "intlanzi ehambahambayo"Okanye"imikhomo.” Ngokumalunga nokukhusela inkululeko eVietnam, xelela abafileyo baseVietnam IMelika "imimandla yomlilo yasimahla" malunga naloo nto.
Noko ke, akukho mntu wayezikhathalele ezo nkcukacha. Ingongoma yayikukuba “enkosi” ngonaphakade. Ukuba nje, bendicinga ukuba, umcholacholi weendaba wasekuhlaleni onomdla noligorha wabuza irhuluneli, “Uphathwa ngokungenambeko ngubani?” Kwaye yabonisa i i intsomi ngasemva kwengcinga yokuba abantu baseMelika baphathe kakubi ii-GIs ezibuya eVietnam. (Ngelishwa, okufanayo akunakuthethwa kuLawulo lwamaVeteran, olwala ukubuyisela amajoni ngokhathalelo lwempilo olufanelekileyo, okanye iVeterans of Foreign Wars kunye ne-American Legion, imibutho ethi babengenamdla ukubanga amagqala elizwe owoyisiweyo kwimfazwe eyintlekele njengawo.)
Xa kufikwa kumbulelo kunye "nokunyusa ulwazi," akukho mfazwe yaseMelika kunye negqala elisaphilayo ibonakala ikude kakhulu ukuba ingahoywa. UGoogle undixelele, umzekelo, ukuba Upper Gwynedd, ePennsylvania, isandul’ ukubhiyozela “uSuku lweNkcubeko yeeNkcubeko ze-12” ngokubulela “aMagqala eMfazwe aseKorea alityelweyo.” Ngokutsho kwengxelo yephephandaba lasekuhlaleni, okuqukiweyo kwimibhiyozo kwakukho imiboniso yobugcisa bekarati kunye nomdaniso wesintu waseKorea.
Imfazwe yaseKorea yaba ngumanduleli weVietnam, eneziphumo ezifanayo. Njengakwisiganeko seGulf of Tonkin, isiganeko esiqatha semfazwe eyabangelwa nguMntla Korea ngoJuni 25, 1950, sihlala sivulelekile ukuba singabuzwa. Ubungqina bubonisa ukuba, ngemvume ye-US, iSouth Korea qaliswa ibhombu yeelali zaseNyakatho Korea kwiintsuku ezikhokelela ekuhlaselweni. NjengaseVietnam, nalapho, i-US yaxhasa i-autocrat eyonakeleyo kwaye yasebenzisa i-napalm kwisikali esikhulu. Izigidi zabantu zafa, kuquka nenani elikhwankqisayo labemi, yaye uMntla Korea ushiywe uyingqushu ngenxa yokuphela kwemfazwe. Umdaniso wesintu wawunqongophele. Ngokumalunga nokukhusela inkululeko yethu eKorea, ngokwaneleyo.
Le mibhiyozo mibini ibonakala ibamba umoya othile (ubonakaliswe kwizinto ezininzi ezifanayo, ukuba zininzi iinguqulelo ezihlaziyiweyo ezifanayo). Basenokuba baxhamle “kunyuso lolwazi” oluncinci xa kufikwa kwinto ebisenziwa ngumkhosi waseMelika kule minyaka idlulileyo, singatsho amashumi eminyaka, ngaphaya kwemida yethu. Ngokuqinisekileyo bashwankathela uninzi lonxunguphalo ebendinalo ngeKonsathi yeValor. Imibulelo emininzi, ngokuqinisekileyo, kodwa akukho mbali xa kufikwa kwinto ebebulelwe ngayo, yithi, Irakh or Afghanistani , akukho manani kwi iidola zabarhafi bachitha okanye apho baye khona, okanye baqhubeke baphulukene nobomi obumsulwa kwaye kutheni.
Ngaba i-“Concert for Valor” ikhankanya i zigidi zeedola zavakala zigrogrisa amazwe amaSilamsi ioli, ukurhanelwa kwamapolisa kunye nokubekwa kweliso kweli lizwe ukusukela ngo-9/11, ngamakhulu amawaka bobomi obulahlekileyo ngenxa yeemfazwe zikaGeorge W. Bush kunye noBarack Obama? Ngaba nabani na oya kunikela ingoma kuye Chelsea Manning, okanye UJohn Kiriakou, okanye Edward Snowden - ababini kubo babandezeleka entolongweni kwaye omnye elubhacweni - ngenxa yenkonzo yabo kubantu baseMelika? Ngaba ikhonsathi yeValor iya kuphakamisa ukwazi kwakhe nabani na xa isiza inyaniso ukuba, ukuza kuthi ga namhlanje, amagqala aswele unyango olufanelekileyo, ngakumbi kwimiba yempilo yengqondo, okanye kukho a igqala lokuzibulala rhoqo ngemizuzu engama-80 kweli lizwe? Masithembe ukuba baya kufumana ixesha phakathi komculo wegubu, kodwa mna, andithembeli kuwo.
Enkosi kuWe
Ngelixa i-Googling ngeenxa zonke, ndaqaphela ibali elihlangeneyo malunga noMongameli Obama ukuChristen isandi sombongo "Amagqala aseMelika akhubazekileyo kwiSikhumbuzo soBomi" ngo-Oktobha 5th. Apho, ngobulumko waphawula ukuba "i-US ayifanele ingxamele emfazweni." Njengoko wayethetha, nangona kunjalo, i-Air Force, i Navy, kunye nabasebenzi boMkhosi oKhethekileyo (abanxiba iibhutsi ezichukumisa umhlaba, nakwi-Iraq), kunye kwikomkhulu ye “Big Red One,” i-Army's 1st Infantry Division, yayisele ibandakanyeka kwimfazwe yamva nje awayeyiyalele ngokobuqu eIraq naseSyria, ngelixa, kunjalo, idlula kwiCongress.
Enkosi, enkosi, enkosi, enkosi! Damn, ndivotele u-Obama kuba wathi uya kuphelisa iimfazwe zethu zaphesheya. Ubuncinci ayingoBush othumela iinqwelomoya, iidroni, imijukujelwa, kunye nemikhosi phaya emva, kuba ukuba bekunjalo, bendiya kuphambana.
Kwaye kukho amabali amaninzi malunga ne "Honours Flights" ezixhaswe yiSouthwest Airlines eyanika onke amagqala eMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi kunye namagqala eemfazwe zamva nje ngohambo lwasimahla lokuya eWashington "ukuyojonga kwizikhumbuzo zabo" ngaphambi kokuba basweleke. Iinqwelomoya zembeko ziye zayindlela edumileyo yokuwonga amagqala. Amaphepha asekuhlaleni kwi Richfield, eUtah, I-Des Moines, Iowa, Elgin, e-Illinois, Austin, Texas, Miami, Florida, kwaye njalo kwindawo ngeendawo kwiindawo ezinqamlekileyo zelizwe ziye zaqhuba amabali malunga nokufa kwedolophu yasekhaya "amaqhawe" athathe inxaxheba kwezi nqwelomoya, uhlobo lwento-kodwa-yeyona-yeyona-yeyona-yeyona-yeyona-yeyona-yeyona-eyeyona-yeyona-eyeyona-inkxaso-mali yeyokugqibela “Esona sizukulwana sikhulu.”
Imisitho ethi “Wamkelekile ekhaya”, eneflegi, amaqela okumatsha, ukuwolana okusuk’ entliziyweni, ukulila kakhulu, kunye neentsana eziqhelekileyo nabantwana abancinane abaphoswayo ngexesha lokukhenketha komsebenzi kwiindawo zethu zemfazwe nazo kulula ukuzifumana. Kwisibini sokuqala sezikrini uGoogle azinike impendulo kwibinzana elithi "umsitho wamkelekile ekhaya," ndifumene imibhiyozo yesiqhelo yokubulela kumagqala abuya e-Afghanistan ngo. Sioux Falls, eMzantsi Dakota, Ft. Sill, Oklahoma, yaye eSaint Albans, eVermont, phakathi kwezinye iindawo. “Asenzeli ngokwaneleyo amagqala ethu, into asenzela yona, siyaziva iindaba, kodwa ukuba phaya phezulu ebaleni, sidutyulwe, ngamanye amaxesha sibuye ekhaya sikhubazekile, asiqondi ukuba sinethamsanqa elingakanani. ngamanye amaxesha kufuneka sibe nabantu abakhonze ilizwe labo, ”omnye wababekhona eSaint Albans wayedla ngokucatshulwa esitsho.
“Yenza ngokwaneleyo…?” EMelika, andikubulele kakhulu?
Ngokungaqhelekanga, kunzima ukufumana imisitho yokubulela yezilwanyana eziphilayo ezibandakanyekayo kungenelelo oluninzi oluncinci lwaseMelika kwiindawo ezinjengeDominican Republic, iLebhanon, iGrenada, iKosovo, iSomalia, iLibya, kunye neemfazwe ezahlukeneyo eziququzelelwe yiCIA kunye neemfazwe zeproxy kwihlabathi liphela, kodwa. Andiyi kumangaliswa ukuba nazo, zikhona. Ndandizibuza, nangona kunjalo: Kuthekani ngawo onke amajoni asemzini esiwaqeqeshelwe ukusilwela iimfazwe zethu kwiindawo ezifana neSouth Vietnam, Irakh, kunye neAfghanistan? Ngaba nabo abamele babulelwe? Kwaye kuthekani ngamalungu e-Afghan Mujahedeen esasixhobile kwaye saxhasa ngemali ngeminyaka yoo-1980 ngelixa babenika iSoviet Union eyayo "iVietnam" (kwaye ngoku balwela i-al-Qaeda, iTaliban, okanye ezinye iimpahla ezigqithileyo zamaSilamsi)? Okanye kuthekani ngemikhosi yase-Indonesia esasixhobe ngayo phantsi komongameli uGerald Ford, owathi mhlawumbi wenza izenzo zokutshabalalisa uhlanga e-East Timor ngowe-1975? Okanye ngaba amandla ethu ombulelo asetyenzisiwe kwinkonzo yoogqirha bezilwanyana baseMelika?
Ukusukela nge-9/11, le mibulelo ibijoliswe kumagqala ngokuqheleka kokudubula koombayimbayi osenokuqhubeka nokukhathaza amaphupha abo. Amagqala nawo anikwe ingqwalasela eyodwa xa kuziwa kwizicelo zokwenziwa kwezicelo ikakhulu imisebenzi ephantsi ukuze “basebenzise izakhono” abazifunde emkhosini. Ngelixa beqhubeka nokumatsha kule mibhiyozo yasekhaya yamkelekile kwaye beneekonsathi eziququzelelwe ngembeko yabo, umbulelo awunqabile. Ekuphela kombuzo obonakala ungaze uphakame ngowokuba: Yintoni kanye kanye ababulelwa yona?
Amaqhawe Asinika Inkululeko
Usihlalo weStarbucks uHoward Schultz uthe ngeKonsathi ezayo yeValor:
“Iminyaka yasemva kwe-9/11 isizisele elona xesha lide lemfazwe ezinzileyo kwimbali yesizwe sethu. Bangaphantsi kwepesenti enye yabantu baseMelika abavolontiya ukuba bakhonze ngeli xesha baye basinika inkululeko ephawulekayo-kodwa loo nkululeko iza noxanduva lokuqonda idini labo, ukubanika imbeko, kunye nokuxabisa izakhono namava abawanikezelayo xa buyela ekhaya.”
Yayibubuqhetseba bukaSchultz ukubuyisela le lebhile yodumo eyi-1% evela kwizityebi, emelwe zii-CEO ezinjengaye, kwi “magorha” ethu. Kwikonsathi, ndiyathemba ukuba uSchultz unethuba lokufumana ngokuthe ngqo ezo “nkululeko zimangalisayo.” Ngaba uya kukhankanya ukuba i-US inayo iphezulu ngomntu ngamnye abantu abavalelweyo emhlabeni? Ngaba uquka phakathi kwezo nkululeko zimangalisayo isiqinisekiso sokuba izinja, iiTasers, izintywizisi, namapolisa odushe aya kuthunyelwa emva kwakho ukuba awuhambi kumnyama? bhikisha ukubulawa kwentwazana eNtsundu engaxhobanga ngummeli weli lizwe ngokugqithisileyo Mapolisa? Ngaba inkululeko ibe nkulu kakhulu ukuba ingaphumeleli kwaye ukuze ube nelungelo lokunyibilikisa uqoqosho kunye Hamb 'umshiye ngaphandle kokuya entolongweni-njengoJamie Dimon, i-CEO ye-Chase, wenza - kuyakhankanywa? Ngaba ezi nkululeko ziphawulekayo ziquka ukuba yonke ifowuni yaseMelika kunye ne-imeyile erekhodiweyo kunye igcinwe kude yi-NSA?
Yaye kuthekani ngelo gama elithi “iqhawe”? Amagqala amaninzi ayayikhaba, kwaye hayi nje ngokuthozama kukaGary Cooperesque nokuba. Uninzi lwamagqala abone umlo, abukele iintsana zikrazulwa, okanye amaqabane abo afela ezingalweni zawo, okanye owona mkhosi unamandla emhlabeni uchitha iitriliyoni zeedola usilwa nabanye abantu abahluphekayo emhlabeni iminyaka eli-13 baziva ngathi bubugorha. Kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo oko akukuyeki ukusetyenziswa kwegama. Ngoko kutheni siyisebenzisa? Njengoko intatheli uCara Hoffman ebonisa show:
“'[H]ero' ibhekisa kumlinganiswa, umlinganiswa oyintloko, into esentsomini, hayi emntwini, kwaye ukusebenzisa eli gama kunokubenzakalisa kanye abantu elimele ukubancoma. Ngelixa yenzelwe ukwenza imbeko, inokuthenga ukuthula, ithintele intetho, kwaye ixhamle abo basemagunyeni ngaphezu kwabo bahamba kumhlaba omtsha wekhaya emva komlo. Ukuba uligorha, inxalenye yomlingiswa wakho lidini le-stoic, ukuthula. Oku kwenza kube nzima kwabanye ukuba bakubone unesiphene, ungumntu, usesichengeni okanye uxhatshaziwe.”
Sisebenzisa igama elithi hero ngokuyinxenye kuba lisenza sizive sonwabile kwaye ngokuyinxenye kuba livala amajoni (oko, ndikholelwe, kwenza ukuba sonke sizive singcono). Ibhalwe njengegorha, kukwanzima ukucinga kabini malunga nokubeka izixhobo zakho phantsi. Enkosi kumaqhawe atyhafisa ukungavisisani, sesinye sezizathu zokuba amagosa asemkhosini azondle ixesha.
Kukho amajoni aseMelika akwilizwe jikelele acinga ngokufaka iwonga lokungafuni ukuya emkhosini ngenxa yesazela (njengoko bendikhe ndenza), kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ndiye ndive kwabanye babo. Bahlala beyiqonda indlela izenzo zomkhosi waseMelika ezinceda ngayo ukudala kwa ezo ntshaba baxelelwa ukuba bazibulale. Bayaqonda ukuba iibhiliyoni zeerandi ezichithwa emfazweni azinakuze zisetyenziswe kwimfundo, kukhathalelo lwempilo, okanye ekuphuhliseni amandla acocekileyo apha ekhaya. Bayazi ukuba balwela ulawulo lwaseMelika phezu kokuhamba kwamafutha efosili kule planethi, ukutshiswa kwayo okufudumeza umhlaba wethu kwaye isoyikisa ubukho bomntu.
Emva koko unoBruce Springsteen kunye noMetallica bebaxelela ukuba "enkosi" ngokunxiba loo yunifomu, ukuba bangamagorha, nokuba yintoni na abayenzayo kumazwe akude ngelixa siqhubeka nobomi bethu apha asiyongxaki. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba, ngenye imini, wena, igqala, unokungeniswa kwelo qonga ngexesha lekonsathi okanye ebaleni ngexesha ibhola ngombulelo esidlangalaleni. Ijoni elilwayo licinga kabini.
Ixabiso
Ndibuyele kulaa venkile yeencwadi ye-indie ndihleli kwitafile enye enombala we-chrome ndizama ukuyikhupha yonke le nto, kubandakanya namava am kwi-Army Ranger, kwaye iphele ngenqaku elilungileyo. Ushicilelo lwamva nje lwe Stone Rolling kubonakala ngathi kuthengisiwe. Ngefestile, ilanga likroba kwingqimba yamafu. Bathengisa iwayini apha, nabo. Xa ndigqiba ngokukhawuleza oku, ndiya kuqalisa ngokukhawuleza ukusela.
Akukho mathandabuzo okuba sifanele sibahloniphe abantu abalwela ubulungisa nenkululeko. Amagqala amaninzi abhalise emkhosini ecinga ukuba ngenene akhonza injongo encomekayo, kwaye akuyonyani ukuthi alwela ngamandla abazalwana noodade wabo ngasekhohlo nangasekunene. Ngelishwa, iinjongo ezintle kweli nqanaba azinakuthatha indawo yezopolitiko ezilungileyo. Imfazwe yobugrogrisi iya kunyaka wayo we-14. Ukuba ngenene ufuna ukuthetha “ngokunyusa ulwazi,” sekudlule iminyaka ixesha apho nabani na apha kufuneka akwazi ukwenza ngathi abantwana bethu abaneminyaka eli-18 ubudala baya kubulala baze bafe ngesizathu esivakalayo. Kuthekani ukuba isibini iikonsathi ukwenza loo ngongoma?
Kude kube ngoko, ndiza kusela iwayini kwaye ndizame ukonwabela umculo ngesandi somatshini we-espresso.
U-Rory Fanning wahamba ngaphesheya kwe-United States kwi-Pat Tillman Foundation kwi-2008-2009, emva kokuthunyelwa kabini e-Afghanistan kunye ne-2nd Army Ranger Battalion. UFanning waba ngumntu ongafuniyo ukuya emkhosini ngenxa yesazela emva kotyelelo lwakhe lwesibini. Ungumbhali wencwadi entsha Ukuxabela okufanelekileyo: Uhambo lweRanger Ranger kwi-Military naseMelika (Haymarket, 2014).
Landela i-TomDispatch kwi-Twitter uze usihlanganise nathi Facebook. Jonga iNcwadi eNtsha yokuThunyelwa, uRebecca Solnit Amadoda Chaza izinto kum, kunye noTom Engelhardt esanda kupapashwa Urhulumente we-Shadow: Uqwalaselo, iMikhosi eyimfihlo, kunye ne-State Security State kwilizwe eliMandla oLodwa.
Ilungelo lokushicilela lika-2014 uRory Fanning
