Andrew Bolton
United States e ile ea kenella Ntoeng ea I ea Lefatše ka la 6 Mmesa, 1917. Ntoa e Kholo, e neng e le indasteri e mabifi ebile e le mechini, e ne e ntse e kupa ho tloha lehlabuleng la 1914 mme Mopresidente Wilson o ne a thibetse naha ho tsoa ho eona ho fihlela nakong ena. Ka kakaretso, linaha tse fetang 100 tsa Afrika, Amerika, Asia, Australasia le Europe li kentse letsoho ho WWI. Bajude ba bolaile Bajude, Bakreste ba bolaea Bakreste, le Mamosleme a bolaea Mamoseleme ha batho ba ts'oaroa mme ba aroloa ke bochaba le mebuso. Ba limilione tse 17 ba ile ba shoa 'me ba limilione tse 20 ba tsoa likotsi. Ke e 'ngoe ea likhohlano tse bolaeang ka ho fetesisa' me Maamerika a 117,000 le ona a hlokahetse. Ba bang ba limillione tse 50 ba ile ba shoa lefats'eng ka bophara ke mokakallane oa Spain qetellong ea ntoa, seoa se ile sa ata 'me sa mpefatsoa ke maemo a nako ea ntoa.
“Ntoa ea ho felisa ntoa” e ne e le mohoo oa ntoa oa Selekane oa ho hlola Jeremane, o ngotsoeng ke mongoli oa Borithane HG Wells ka Phato 1914. Lepetjo lena hamorao le ile la khethoa ke Mopresidente oa Amerika Wilson ha a ntse a fetoha ho tloha leanong la ho se jele paate ho ea ntoeng. Ho 2017 ha ho pelaelo hore ho tla ba le lipolelo tsa bochaba bo lokileng ha US e hopola ho nka karolo ha eona "ntoeng ea ho felisa ntoa eohle" lilemong tse lekholo tse fetileng. Empa khotso e hlokang toka ea Selekane sa Versailles sa 1919 e felletse ka Ntoa ea II ea Lefatše - ea khohlano e bolaeang ka ho fetisisa nalaneng ea motho, le ka polao e sehlōhō ea Bajode ba limilione tse 6. Eaba ho tla Ntoa ea Mantsoe e nang le ts'okelo e tsoelang pele ea pheliso ea nyutlelie - eseng polao ea morabe empa e bolaea batho bohle - lefu la bohle. Setšoantšo se betliloeng sa Middle East ke matla a bokolone a Europe kamora hore WWI e tsoele pele ho hlohlelletsa likhohlano tse mpe Iraq, Israel / Palestina jj. Bohlanya le tšabo e mpe ea WWI e ntse e re tšoenya le kajeno.
Bo-rahistori Scott H. Bennett le Charles Howlett ba ile ba re ke batho ba hanang ho kena sesoleng ka lebaka la letsoalo. Ho na le lipale tse ngata tse amang maikutlo tsa batho ba hanang tšebeletso ea sesole ka lebaka la letsoalo, mohlala, bara ba Hofer (Mahuutterite a mabeli a hlokahalletse Fort Leavenworth, Kansas), Ben Salmon (bonngoe le bochaba le e mong oa li-CO tse 4 tsa K'hatholike tsa US ho WWI), Maurice Hess (Church of the Brethren CO), Judah Magnes (moeta-pele ea ka sehloohong oa Mojuda oa Amerika oa pacifist), le Quaker, Pentekonta jj. Malapa a bolumeli a arotsoe - lelapa la US Presbyterian Thomas le hlahisitse masole a mabeli le bahanyetsi ba babeli ba hanang ho kenela sesole. Ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, lelapa la Lenyesemane la Quaker Cadbury le lona le arotsoe ka masole le bo-ralitima-ntoa. Khanyetso Jeremane e ne e kenyelletsa bochaba, basali le anarchist / pacificist oa Sejuda Gustav Landauer. Li-Suffragette li ne li arotsoe empa basali le bona ba ne ba tsamaea mme ba ipelaetsa ka polao ea banna le bara ba bona. Charlotte Despard, motho ea matla le ea khahlano le ntoa, o ile a hanyetsa abuti oa hae, General General oa Borithane Sir John French ea ileng a etella pele ntoa ea ntoa Fora ka nakoana. Ntoa ea lefats'e e thehile motsamao oa lefatše ka bophara oa letsoalo, bohanyetsi le bohanyetsi.
WWI e bone tsoalo ea khotso e tšoarellang, toka le mekhatlo ea tokoloho ea sechaba joalo ka Komiti ea Mennonite Central, Komiti ea Ts'ebeletso ea Metsoalle ea Amerika, Fellowship of Reconciliation (e ileng ea susumetsa le ho matlafatsa Mokhatlo oa Litokelo tsa Botho oa Amerika hamorao), American Civil Liberties Union, War Resisters League jj. WWI e amme haholo thuto ea bolumeli ea Bokreste le bosholu ba batho ka batho ba kang Karl Barth, Dietrich Bonhoeffer, Eberhard Arnold le Dorothy Day. Setsebi sa thuto ea bolumeli sa Mojuda ebile e le rafilosofi Martin Buber o ngotse "I-Wena" ho WWI ka ntoa e le kamano e ka sehloohong ea "I-It" joalo ka morao.
Kajeno o bona tsoelo-pele ea bochaba ba lichaba tse nepahetseng USA le Europe. Ho na le lipuo tsa ho ngolisoa ha Mamosleme USA. Re sebetsa joang ho ea ka letsoalo le ho ba balateli ba Jesu linakong tse thata?
Kereke e kopantsoeng ea khotso le ba bang ba ile ba kopana Neteisheneng ea Ntoa ea Naha ea Lefatše, Kansas City, ka January 2014 ho qala ho lokisetsa lipuisano tse neng li tla bua lipale tsena tsa ba hanyetsang le ba hanyetsang letsoalo ka WWI. E bitsoa Ho hopola mantsoe a khutsitseng: Letsoalo, ho hana, ho hanyetsa le tokoloho ea lehae Ntoeng ea I ea Lefatše ho fihlela kajeno e tla tšoaroa ka October 19-22, 2017 Sekolong sa Sechaba sa Ntoa ea I ea Lefatše le Sehopotso, Kansas City, MO. Bakeng sa boitsebiso bo eketsehileng mabapi le pitso ea lipampiri (ka lebaka la March 20, 2017), lenaneo, li-keynotes, ngoliso, joalo-joalo theworldwar.org/mutedvoices
Qetellong ea neheletsano, Sontaha hoseng, October 22, 2017 ho hlophisoa tšebeletso ea sehopotso Fortuneavenworth, Kansas ka ntle ho sepetlele moo Bahutuli Joseph le Michael Hofer ba ileng ba shoa. Hape ho hopoloa hore ke ba 92 ba hanang tšebeletso ea sesole ka lebaka la letsoalo ba tšoaretsoeng Fort Leavenworth ho 1918 le 100s libakeng tse ling.
Qetellong, Pontšo ea Bahahlauli e ne e bitsoa Mantsoe a Letsoalo - Paki ea Khotso Ntoeng e Khōlō e ntse e hlahisoa ke Musiamo oa Kaufman Mennonite Bethel College, Kansas (https://kauffman.bethelks.edu/Traveling%20Exhibits/Voices-of-Conscience/index.html ) Bakeng sa ho buisana le Annette LeZotte, alezotte@bethelks.edu
