Hurumende dzeNyika Dzinoda Zvirongwa Zvekudzivirira Zvisina nhumbi

NaDavid Swanson, World BEYOND War, February 22, 2023

Idambudziko rakakura kuita kutsutsumwa Kunyika yakapindirwa nehondo - mushure memakumi emakore ekudzivirira kwemauto (uye mhosva) uye dzidziso inofambidzana yetsika mukufungidzirwa kudikanwa kwekudzivirirwa kwemauto - kukwidza nyaya kune imwe nyika kuti ivake hurongwa hwekudzivirira vanhu vasina zvombo uye kuita. pairi pasinei nepedyo-kushayikwa kwepasi rose kwekudzidziswa kana kunyange kunzwisisa.

Tiri kuona chiri chipingamupinyi chikuru kuti tingowana mukana wekuunza timu isina pfuti kudzivirira gwenya remagetsi enyukireya pakati pehondo.

Chikumbiro chine musoro ndechekuti hurumende dzenyika dzisiri muhondo kuti dzidzidze nezvazvo uye (kana vakanyatsodzidza nezvazvo izvi zvinotozotevera) kumisa madhipatimendi ekudzivirira vanhu vasina kuzvidzivirira. World BEYOND War iri kubatanidza musangano wepagore muna 2023 uye kosi nyowani yepamhepo pane iyi nyaya. Imwe nzvimbo yekuwana mavambo chaiwo ekunzwisisa kuti zviito zvisina pfuti zvinogona kudzinga mauto - kunyangwe pasina gadziriro dzakakomba kana kudzidziswa (saka, fungidzira zvingaitwe nekudyara mari) - runyorwa urwu runosvika ka100 vanhu vakabudirira kushandisa chiito chisina chisimba panzvimbo yehondo.

Dhipatimendi redziviriro risina pfuti rakagadzirirwa zvakanaka (chimwe chinhu chingada mari huru ye2 kana 3 muzana yebhajeti yemauto) inogona kuita kuti nyika isadzoreke kana ikarwiswa neimwe nyika kana kuti coup d'état uye nokudaro kudzivirirwa pakukundwa. Heino maitiro World BEYOND War yakatsanangura izvi mubhuku rayo A Global Security System: An Alternative to War:

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Nyanzvi yekusaita zvechisimba Gene Sharp yakasanganisa nhoroondo kutsvaga uye kurekodha mazana enzira dzakashandiswa zvinobudirira kumisa hudzvanyiriri. Kutsvaga kwake kwakamusvitsa kuchiratidzo cheCilian-Based Defense (CBD); imwe nzira inogona kushandira "kuchengetedza" mabasa anonzi akapihwa neWar System. CBD: “…inoratidza dziviriro nevanhuwo zvavo (zvakasiyana nevarwi vehondo) vachishandisa nzira dzehondo (zvakasiyana nedzechiuto nedzemauto). Iri igwaro rinoitirwa kudzivirira nekukunda kupinda nechisimba kwemauto ekunze, mabasa, uye kubvuta kwemukati. " Kudzivirirwa uku "kunofanirwa kuitwa nevanhu nemasangano avo pahwaro hwekugadzirira, kuronga, uye kudzidziswa."

I“mutemo [wokuti] vanhu vose nemasangano enzanga vanova mauto ehondo. Zvombo zvavo zvinoumbwa nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzepfungwa, zvehupfumi, zvemagariro, uye zvematongerwo enyika kuramba uye kupokana. Gwaro iri rine chinangwa chekumisa kurwiswa uye kuzvidzivirira kubva kwavari nekugadzirira kuita kuti nzanga isadzorerwe nevangave vadzvinyiriri uye vapambi. Ruzhinji rwakadzidziswa uye masangano enzanga angave akagadzirira kuramba vanorwisa zvinangwa zvavo uye kuita kuti kubatanidzwa kwekutonga kwezvematongerwo enyika kusagoneke. Zvinangwa izvi zvaizozadzikiswa nekushandisa kukuru uye kusarudza kusabatira pamwe nekuzvidza. Pamusoro pezvo, pazvinogoneka, nyika inodzivirira yaizovavarira kugadzira matambudziko epasi rose kune vanorwisa uye kukanganisa kuvimbika kwemauto avo nevashandi. "

Dambudziko rakatarisana nenharaunda dzese kubva pakatanga hondo, kureva, kuendesa kana kuve mufananidzo wegirazi weanorwisa, inogadziriswa neCBD. Kuva sehondo kana kupfuura murwi kunobva pakuti kumisa murwi kunoda kumanikidzwa. CBD inoshandisa simba rekumanikidza rine simba risingadi chiito chehondo.

MuCBD, kushandira pamwe kwese kunobviswa kubva kusimba rinopinda. Hapana chinoshanda. Magetsi haabatike, kana kupisa, tsvina haitorerwe, nzira yekufambisa haishande, matare anomira kushanda, vanhu havateere mirairo. Izvi ndizvo zvakaitika mu "Kapp Putsch" muBerlin muna 1920 apo aizoda kuva mudzvanyiriri nemauto ake ega ega akaedza kutora. Hurumende yakapfuura yakatiza, asi vagari veBerlin vakaita kuti kutonga kuve kusingabviri zvekuti, kunyangwe nesimba rehondo rakawandisa, kutora kwakadonha mumavhiki. Simba rose haribvi mubhodhoro repfuti.

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kuparadza kurudzi rwehurumende kunogona kuonekwa kwakakodzera. Apo Hondo yeFrance yakatora Germany mushure meHondo Yenyika I, vashandi vekuGermany vakavhara injini uye vakabvarura mitambo kuti vadzivise vaFrance kuti varege kutamisa mashomanana kuzotarisana nezviratidzo zvakakura. Kana musoja wechiFrance akawana tram, mutyairi akaramba kutama.

Zvinhu zviviri zvakakosha zvinotsigira CBD; kutanga, kuti simba rose rinobva pasi-yose hurumende inobvumirwa nevanotungamirirwa uye iyo mvumo inogona kubviswa nguva dzose, zvichikonzera kuparara kwevakuru vanotonga. Chechipiri, kana nyika ichionekwa seisingadzoreki, nekuda kwesimba rakasimba reCBD, hapana chikonzero chekuyedza kuikunda. Nyika inodzivirirwa nesimba rehondo inogona kukurirwa muhondo nesimba guru rehondo. Mienzaniso isingaverengeki iripo. Mienzaniso iripo zvakare yevanhu vanosimuka nekukunda hurumende dzehudzvanyiriri dzine hutsinye kuburikidza nehondo isina mhirizhonga, kutanga nekusunungurwa kubva kusimba rinotora muIndia neboka revanhu veGandhi, vachienderera mberi nekupidigura hutongi hwaMarcos muPhilippine, hudzvanyiriri hunotsigirwa neSoviet. Eastern Europe, uye Chitubu cheArab, kungodoma mishoma yemienzaniso inonyanya kuzivikanwa.

(Ona Gene Sharp, Inyika Yezvematongerwe Enyika, uye Kuita kuti Europe Isakundwe, uye Civil Defense Based Defense pakati pemamwe mabasa. Bhuku rimwe chete, Kubva Kudzvinyiriri Kuda Democracy rakaturikirwa muchiArabic Chitubu cheArab chisati chasvika.)

MuCBD vese vakuru vanokwanisa vanodzidziswa nzira dzekuramba. Akamira Reserve Corps emamiriyoni akarongwa, zvichiita kuti nyika isimbe mukuzvimiririra kwayo zvekuti hapana angafunga kuedza kuikunda. Iyo CBD sisitimu inoshambadzirwa zvakanyanya uye yakajeka kune vadzivisi. Iyo CBD sisitimu yaizodhura chidimbu chemari yashandiswa ikozvino kutsigira mauto ekudzivirira. CBD inogona kupa dziviriro inoshanda mukati meHondo System, nepo chiri chinhu chakakosha cheyakasimba runyararo system. Zvirokwazvo munhu anogona kukakavara kuti dziviriro isina mhirizhonga inofanirwa kupfuura iyo nyika-nyika inotarisisa senzira yedziviriro yemagariro, sezvo nyika yacho pachayo kazhinji chiri chishandiso chekudzvanyirira kurwisana nehupenyu kana tsika dzevanhu.

Sezvambotaurwa, hungwaru hwakapupurirwa nesainzi hunobata kuti kuramba veruzhinji kusingaite mhirizhonga kune mukana wakapetwa kaviri wekubudirira zvichienzaniswa nemafambiro anoshandisa mhirizhonga. Ruzivo rwemazuva ano, mune dzidziso uye kuita, ndizvo zvinoita kuti kwenguva yakareba isina mhirizhonga muratidziri uye nyanzvi George Lakey ave netariro yebasa rakasimba reCBD. Iye inoti: "Kana masangano erunyararo eJapan, Israel neUnited States vakasarudza kuvaka pahafu yezana remakore rekushanda kwezano uye kuronga imwe nzira yakakomba yehondo, ivo vanozovaka mukugadzirira uye kudzidzisa uye kuwana kutariswa kwevane pragmatist munharaunda dzavo. ”

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Mhosva yeLithuania inopa kumwe kujekeswa kwenzira yekumberi, asi yambiro zvakare. Mushure mekushandisa chiito chisina chisimba kudzinga mauto eSoviet, nyika isa panzvimbo an chirongwa chekudzivirira chisina zvombo. Asi harina hurongwa hwekupa dziviriro yemauto kumashure kana kuibvisa. Varwi vemauto vanga vachishanda nesimba inoronga Dziviriro yakavakirwa paruzhinji serubatsiro uye nerubatsiro rwechiuto. Tinoda nyika kuti dzitore dziviriro isina pfuti zvakakomba seLithuania, uyezve zvakanyanya. Marudzi asina mauto - Costa Rica, Iceland, nezvimwewo - anogona kuuya pane izvi kubva kune rumwe rutivi nekugadzira madhipatimendi ekudzivirira asina pfuti panzvimbo pasina. Asi nyika dzine mauto, uye dzine mauto neindasitiri dzezvombo dziri pasi pemasimba eumambo, dzichava nebasa rakaoma zvikuru rokugadzira dziviriro isina pfuti nepo dzichiziva kuti kuongorora kwechokwadi kungada kubvisa dziviriro yehondo. Basa iri richava nyore zvikuru, zvisinei, chero bedzi nyika dzakadaro dzisiri muhondo.