by Dememocracy Zvino, August 19, 2021
inopangidza
AMY MURUME AKANAKA: Ichi chi Dememocracy Zvino!, democracynow.org, Nhoroondo Yehondo uye Rugare. Ndiri Amy Goodman.
Sezvatiri kuramba tichitarisa kuAfghanistan, takabatana naMateo Hoh, aimbova mugungwa uye State department mukuru. Muna 2009, akazova mukuru wekutanga weUS anozivikanwa kuti achasiya chigaro pakuratidzira Hondo yeAfghan. Panguva yekusiya basa, aishanda semukuru weUS mudunhu reZabul pamuganhu wePakistani. Mutsamba yake yekusiya basa, Matthew Hoh akanyora, “Ndarasikirwa nekunzwisisa uye kuvimba muzvinangwa zvine hungwaru zvekuvapo kweUnited States muAfghanistan. Ndine kusahadzika uye kusahadzika nezvedanho redu razvino uye hurongwa hweramangwana hwakarongwa, asi kusiya kwangu basa hakuna kubva pamaitirwo atiri kuita hondo iyi, asi kuti sei uye nechinangwa chipi. ” Matthew Hoh ava shamwari kuCentre for International Policy.
Mateo, gamuchirai zvakare Dememocracy Zvino! Iwe unogona here kungopindura kwete kwete chete zvakaitika kuAfghanistan, asi neUS media midhiya yeizvi uye ndiani arikurondedzera rondedzero?
MATEU HOH: Ndatenda nekundidzosera, Amy.
Ndiri kureva, ndizvo - ndinofunga chinhu chega chinotyisa kupfuura zvakaitika kuvanhu veAfghan ndechekuti mumazuva mashoma America ichave yakanganwa Afghanistan zvekare. Saka, izvozvi tiri kuona huwandu hwakawanda hwekufukidzwa. Zvakawanda zvacho kufukidza kwakashata, zvakapusa, kunamatira nenyaya dzehondo, kutadza kutarisa humbowo. Ndiri kureva, izvozvi rondedzero iriko ndeyekuti Afghanistan yadonha nekuti Joe Biden akadhonza mauto mazana maviri nemazana mashanu kubva munyika yakakura saTexas. Izvo zvakafanana nekudzika uye, iwe unoziva, kufunga kuti kuri kuenda munhaurirano iyi mumazhinji makuru eAmerican media.
Iyi hondo - kana, kupera uku - uye ini handifanire kuti "kupera," nekuti Afghanistan iri panguva yakaoma izvozvi. Uku kunogona kuve kutanga kwe, unoziva, richava runyararo runyararo, rugare rusina kurongeka, asi pamwe mukana wekuti maAfghan avakezve uye ayananise, kana mhirizhonga ikachengetwa padiki. Kana chingave chiri chikamu chinotevera muhondo yevagari vemo inoenda kuma1970, nekuti izvo zvaunazvo, une vatungamiriri vehondo, avo vazhinji vevatungamiriri vehondo vakatsigira vaTaliban mumavhiki mashoma apfuura kana mwedzi - zvisinei, kune akawanda varidzi vehondo vasina kudaro - pamwe nevarume muhurumende saAmrullah Saleh, aive Ashraf Ghani mutevedzeri wemutungamiri wenyika, uyo ave kuzvizivisa semutungamiri weAfghanistan, pamwe nemadzishe ehondo saMohammad Atta Noor, Abdul Rashid Dostum, vakatiza nyika. Ava varume vasingaregi nyore. Ava varume vanoda kudzoka zvavanotenda kuti ndezvavo. Uye ava ndivo varume vane nhoroondo refu nemaAmerican deginamajai. Uye ndipo panogona kuve nekuvimbika kweCIA.
Nekudaro, isu tiri munzira pano panogona kuve nenzira, nekuda kwerunyararo rwakaipa uye rwusina kururama, rwekuvakazve kuyanana, kana ichi chingave chiri chikamu chekutanga muchikamu chitsva cheiyi hondo yevagari iri kuenderera, nekuti maAmerican vanogona tarisa izvi uye uti, "Tarisai, izvi ndizvo chaizvo zvakatarwa neAfghanistan musi waGunyana 10, 2001. Kune mamwe madzishe ehondo akasunganidzwa mune mamwe matunhu. VaTaliban ndivo vanotonga nyika zhinji. ” Uye ndinogona kukuvimbisa kuti kune vanhu muWashington, DC, izvozvi vari kuti, “Takazviita muna 2001. Tinogona kuzviita zvakare. Uye panguva ino tichazviita zvirinani. ” Uye saka, inzvimbo inotyisa kwazvo kuva mukati, ndinofunga, izvozvi kune maAfghan, nekuda kwezvikonzero zvinoverengeka.
Nekudaro, nezve kufambiswa kwenhepfenyuro, iwe unoona - iwe unoziva, kuti uzviise zvakapusa, unoona vanhu vamwechete vanga vakanganisa nezvehondo iyi vakadzvanywa kasingaperi. Iyo yekutsanangura iri nyore. Inovimba nenyaya. Iwe une vatauri vanotaura zvinhu nezvehondo, nezvekuti Afghanistan, pamberi pakabviswa Joe Biden, yaive sei panguva yekugadzikana, kuti pakange paine kufambira mberi - munoziva, ingori nhema dzakazara uye kunyepa kuri nyore kwazvo kuona-kutarisa , asi izvozvo hazviiti.
Uye ini ndinofunga ichi ndicho chikonzero Joe Biden aigona kuenda kunotaura kuruzhinji rweAmerica neMuvhuro nezvehondo yakaparadza mamirioni ehupenyu, kutambura kwakanyanya, uye Joe Biden anogona kuvhura matauriro ake nekunyepa nezvekupikisa kwake kuwedzera muna 2009, izvo zvaasina kupokana nazvo - iwe unoziva, zvirinani, aingoda kutumira mashoma mauto kupfuura zvakaitwa naPresident Obama, zviuru zvishoma pasi pezviuru zana; ndiko kwaive kupokana kwaJoe Biden kuhondo muna10,000: tumira 100,000 pane 2009 - uyezve, kunyepa kwake nezvekuti United States yanga isingaite kuvaka nyika. Pane nhepfenyuro nharaunda pano apo Joe Biden nevanhu vake vaiziva kuti aigona kungovhura iwo mazwi nemanyepo iwayo, uye zvinongogamuchirwa.
AMY MURUME AKANAKA: Handei - ngatidzokerei kukero yeMutungamiri Biden nemusi weMuvhuro, paakasvika achibva kuCamp David sezvo aishoropodzwa zvakanyanya nekuda kwemhirizhonga muKabul uye nezvakaitika muAfghanistan. Iyi ndiyo kero yake nezve iyo US mishoni muAfghanistan.
PRESIDENT JOE BIDZA: Ndakaita nharo kwemakore mazhinji kuti basa redu rinofanirwa kuve rakanangana nehugandanga, kwete kupokana nekukurumidzira kana kuvaka nyika. Ndosaka ndakapokana nekuwedzera kwayakaitwa muna2009, pandaive mutevedzeri wemutungamiri wenyika.
AMY MURUME AKANAKA: Matthew Hoh?
MATEU HOH: Zvakanaka, ndinofunga pane zvinhu zvakawanda kwazvo zvekuburitsa pano. Kudzokera kune vezvenhau, pane rondedzero yekuti iyo US haina kungoedza zvakaoma zvakakwana. Mhedzisiro - saka, Barack Obama paanopinda muhofisi muna2009, pane makumi matatu emakumi matatu emauto eUS muAfghanistan uye nhamba yakaenzana ye NATO mauto uye vanoita basa. Mukati megore nehafu, kune zviuru zana zvemauto eAmerica, makumi mana ezviuru NATO mauto uye vanopfuura zviuru zana zvemakontrakta. Uye saka United States yaive nemauto echina-miriyoni-murume muAfghanistan. Uye zvakare, kupikisa kwaJoe Biden kune iko kwaive kutumira zviuru gumi zvemauto. Nekudaro, vanopikisa vaJoe Biden vangadai vakataridzika kunge mazana maviri nemakumi mana emazana emauto nema kontrakta muAfghanistan zvinopesana ne100,000.
Mashoko aya pamusoro pekusava ekuvaka nyika - ndanga ndiri muchikwata chakadaidzwa kuchikwata chekuvakazve matunhu. Ndirikureva, kunyepa kuti - kutaura kuti kumamirioni evarume nevakadzi vakashanda muAfghanistan, vakaenda uko, vakatora chikamu mukuvaka nyika - uye vaiziva kuti vakatora chikamu mukuvaka nyika - uyezve purezidhendi weUnited States kunyepa zviri nyore pamusoro pekuti zvainge zvisiri zvekuvaka nyika sei, ndinofunga ndiyo imwe yetsananguro dzakanakisa dzehondo iyi, nekuda kwehondo idzi dzese munyika dzechiMuslim, ndeichi, iko kusununguka kwe kunyepa izvo zvinoitika.
Uye United States - iyo yechitatu poindi nezve izvi, United States yakaedza kurwisa hugandanga. Urongwa hwehugandanga huri kutaurwa naJoe Biden ndiro zano rakashandiswa naGeneral Petraeus mushure mekunge General McChrystal asiya uye apo United States yakachinja kubva pakupokana kuenda kugandanga. Uye izvi zvairevei? Izvi zvaireva kuputika kwemisha nekupamba husiku, kutumira makomando kanomwe husiku mumisha yeAfghan kunorova masuo nekuuraya vanhu. Uye iwe wakaona mhedzisiro yeizvozvo. Mhedzisiro yeiyo yaive, gore rega rega, maTaliban akasimba. Gore rega rega, maTaliban akawana rutsigiro rwakawanda.
Uye izvi zvinouya kuhupenzi hwese hwe zvakaitwa neUnited States ipapo. Kwemakumi emakore, United States yakapa vanhu veAfghan sarudzo mbiri: Unogona kutsigira vaTaliban kana iwe unogona kutsigira iyi hurumende inoumbwa nemadzishe ehondo nemadzishe emishonga, izvo zvakashata, zvisina huremo - nekuti sarudzo dzese dzave zvisiri pamutemo uye hunyengeri - uye dzinodya dzimwe mhuka. Uye United States yakashandisa nzira yekukamura-uye-kukunda kuyedza kuzadzisa zvinangwa zvayo muAfghanistan, sezvayakangoita muIraq nekukanganisa maShias maringe nemaSunni. Uye saka, izvo zvaunazvo iwe waive uine - iwe unoziva, izvo zvaunazvo, zvakare, sarudzo iyi: sarudza vaTaliban kana hurumende iyi. Uye zvakaitika mugore rapera nderekuti maAfghan, kusanganisira vasiri maPasuns - maPasunsuni, vari vazhinji munyika yeAfghanistan, ndivo ndivo vanonyanya kuumba maTaliban, vaiumba hutungamiriri hweTaliban, nezvimwewo, vane anga ari parutivi rwakashata rweAmerican split-uye-kukunda zano. Asi kwete maTaliban chete akatsigira - ndine hurombo, kwete chete maPasununi akatsigira maTaliban, asi maAfghans kubva kumatunhu ese enyika, madzinza ese akatsigira maTaliban, nekuti ndozvakashata sarudzo iyo hurumende yeAfghan yakange iri kuAfghan. vanhu kwemakumi maviri emakore apfuura.
Nekudaro, chimwe chikamu chekuburitswa kwenhau kungori kutadza kana kusada kweveAmerican media kutaura nezve izvo hurumende yeAfghan yaive chaizvo. Tinonzwa zvakawanda nezvekodzero dzevakadzi izvozvi - uye isu tinofanirwa. Zvakakosha kwazvo. Zvakakosha zvakanyanya. Asi vangani maAmericans vanoziva kuti, pasi pehurumende yeAfghan, vana pavashanu - vakawanda sevane pavakadzi vashanu veAfghan vakadzi vakaroorwa nechisimba, vazhinji vacho vana vachati? Vangani maAmericans vanoziva kuti muAfghanistan, pasi pemutemo weAfghan, zviri pamutemo kuti murume abate chibharo mukadzi wake, kana kuti mumajeri ehurumende yeAfghan, vazhinji vevakadzi vari mumajeri eAfghan havapo nekuti ivo vaitsigira vaTaliban, asi nekuti yemitemo yetsika? Saka, hongu, pamwe hurumende iyi yeAfghan, iyi hurumende yehondo, yakanga isiri yemitambo mukutadza kwavo kusasarura sezvakaitwa neTaliban, maererano nekuuraya nekutema vakadzi mumatambo. Uye, hongu, kune vazhinji - paive nevakadzi vakabatsirwa pamusoro pemakore makumi maviri apfuura. Asi kune ruzhinji rwevakadzi muAfghanistan, hupenyu hausati hwave nani, kunyanya kubva kunetsekana kwavo kukuru, kwemakumi maviri emakore ikozvino, vanga vachiuraiwa nebhomba reTaliban mumugwagwa kana bhomba reAmerica rakadonhedzwa kubva kudenga. Uye ini ndinofanira kuti, kwete ivo, asi mhuri yavo, vana vavo, vavakidzani, nezvimwewo.
AMY MURUME AKANAKA: Matthew Hoh, achitaura zvatisingazive - uye tinongova neminiti - Central Intelligence Agency, iyo deginamajai mauto muAfghanistan. Chii chatinofanira kunzwisisa? Uye chii chakafukunurwa ne Pegasus spyware?
MATEU HOH: Zvakanaka, iko kunzwisisa kwangu kuti - uye kune vanhu vasingazive neyaPegasus spyware, iyi spyware inogadzirwa neIsrael iyo inokanganisa mafoni, kutaurirana. Kana iwe ukatarisa pane zvakaitika muMexico, vazhinji vezvematongerwo enyika vakaurayiwa muMexico mugore rapfuura vaive neiyi Pegasus spyware pafoni yavo. Uye kuti kunzwisisa kwangu ndekwekuti pane Pegasus spyware zvinyorwa zviripo zvinoratidza kuratidzwa pamusoro pegore rapfuura pakati pe deginamajai, pakati pehurumende yeAfghan uye pakati peTaliban.
Tarisa, zvakaitika muAfghanistan hazvina kuitika mune imwe nyaya yemavhiki. Ichi chaive chigumbuso chakarongwa neTaliban kweanopfuura gore. Uye mhedzisiro yeiyo yakabudirira zvisingaite uye yeTaliban. Saka, mubvunzo unofanirwa kubvunzwa, ndewekuti: Nei ruzhinji rweAmerica rwusingazive izvo chaizvo zvaiitika muAfghanistan? Kuti udzore pfungwa yako nezve vezvenhau.
Uye apo isu tichienda kumberi, ndinofunga chinhu chakakosha kuita ndechekuti maAmerican vasarudze nzira yekutsigira maAfghans nekuvabatsira kuvaka uye kuyananisa. Kuti uite izvozvo, Embassy yeAmerica inofanira kuramba yakavhurika. Kana vanhu vachida kuti vapoteri vaende, Embassy yeAmerica inofanira kuramba yakavhurika. Mari inofanirwa kuenderera mberi, kana iwe uchida kuti masangano akaita seTOLOnews agare pamhepo. TOLOnews yakapihwa mari nemaAmericans. Vanhu veAmerica vanga vachichipa mari kwemakumi emakore izvozvi. Kuti vezvenhau varambe vari vapenyu muAfghanistan, hurumende yeUS inofanira kuramba ichitsigira. Saka, panguva ino, hurumende yeAmerica inofanirwa kuramba yakabatikana muAfghanistan nekuda kwevanhu veAfghan. Uye kana vanhu -
AMY MURUME AKANAKA: Matthew Hoh, tichaisiya ipapo, nekuti muchikamu chedu chinotevera, tichaenda kutaura nezvevapoteri veAfghan, mumwe munhu anobatanidzwa mukugadziriswa kwevapoteri veAfghan muUnited States. Asi isu tinodzokera kwauri mumazuva anouya. Zvese izvi ruzivo rwakakomba zvekuti isu hatisi kuwana kubva kumakambani enhau. Matthew Hoh, mukuru anoshanda neCentre for International Policy, aimbova marine mu [Iraq] uye mukuru weDhipatimendi reHurumende muAfghanistan, uyo akasiya chigaro muna 2009, mukuru wekuUS wekutanga kusiya chigaro pachena vachiratidzira Hondo yeAfghan.
Kuuya, tinotaura neboka rekodzero dzevanhu vanobva kuTexas, RAICES, nezve kugadzirisazve vapoteri veAfghan uye mhinduro kuna Gavhuna weRepublican Texas Greg Abbott achiedza kuongorora chirwere checoronavirus sezvo achishora vatama kuti vapararire Covid-19. Gara nesu.
