Chero Hondo Yehondo Inogona Kuita, Rugare Inogona Kuita Zviri nani

NaDavid Swanson, January 8, 2019

William James 'pfungwa yekudiwa kwekusika maitiro ehutano hwehondo yakatanga kundirova, makumi emakore apfuura, pandinoverenga pamusoro payo, sekunge seine musoro pfungwa yekugadzira nzira itsva yekunyorera iwe pachiso. Izvi zvakanga zvisina kuchena nokuti nguva dzave dzakashanduka, nokuti zvombo zvatova nesimba, nokuti mhepo yepanyika iri kuparara, kana kuti kusagadzikana kwechisimba kwakave kwakanzwisiswa zvakanyanya sekuda ushingi, chibayiro, kamera, kuzvitsaurira, chirango, nesimba, pasina kuponda kunopesana, kuonda, kuparadza, kubata, kuvenga, kuroora, kupamba, kana upenzi.

Maitiro angu kumubvunzo wekuti tinoda kutanga chimwe chinhu chakakosha sehondo kunotsiva maropafadzo ayo anoshamisa aivewo kubva pakunzwisisa, kunowanikwa kune chero mwana, zvekuti kusinganzwisisiko runyararo ruri nani kupfuura hondo. Makore apfuura, ndakagadzira izvi zvakajeka semhinduro kunekuudzwa kuti rugare runotyisa:

Dai rugare rwakanga ruchivhiringidza uye hukafa uye huchikanganiswa sezvakaitwa nheyo dzehondo, hondo dzaisazowanzoitwa muzita rerugare, uye hapazovi nerunyararo runyararo muPentagon. Nepo iwe uchigona kuwana vanhu vachikakavadzana nerugare mune imwe nzvimbo kuitira kupa zvigaro zvehondo pane imwe nzvimbo, uchave wakamanikidzwa kuwana hukama hukuru hune rugare huchitsanangura kuzvipira kwavo kuunza rugare mukugadzira hondo yepasi rese yekusingaperi.

Rugare irwo ruri nani, kuti rwunosanganisira zvose zvakanaka, kuti ndezvemagariro uye tsika uye mune zvehupfumi uye mune zvekugara uye munzira dzose dzakapfuura hondo ndeye pfungwa inogona kuwanikwa mumitambo yose pasi pose, ikozvino uye munguva yakapfuura, uye mumutauro wekuMadokero sezvinowanzonzwisiswa kare, kudzoka kuburikidza nemakumi ezviuru.

Bhuku raJohn Gittings ' Ihwo Unhu Hwakanaka Hworugare inoratidza kuvepo kworugare uye kukurudzira rugare kuburikidza nenhoroondo yeWestern. Pakati pezvimwe zvakare, anotaura kumabasa mazhinji ezvinyorwa uye zvakaratidzwa zvekuona zvinopesana hondo ne rugare.

MunaHomer rinonzi Iliad, pamberi pekuguma kwechivande muHarth war, munyori anomira kurondedzera mune yakareba tsanangudzo yeAchilles 'nhovo, iyo inosanganisira kusiyana kweguta muhondo uye neguta murugare. Nyaya yaHomeri semurwi wenharo yehondo isingakoshi, asi pane chimwe chinhu kwavari, uye zvinoreva kuti guta rangu reCharlottesville, Va., Kusiyana nedzimwe misha inosuruvarisa yeUnited States, ine mariri imwe chivako chisingaiti zvachose hondo kupembera.

Zvinotaridza kunge zvingangoita kuti nyika dzekare yainzwisisa zvirinani kupfuura United States nhasi kuti hondo inounza hurombo, nepo rugare ruchiunza budiriro. Pazasi tinoona Eirene (Runyararo) akatakura Ploutos (Pfuma) mune kopi yeRoma mushure memufananidzo wechiGiriki wekuvhota naKephisodoto (ca. 370 BCE).

Mutaundi randaimbogara, Siena, Italy, imba yeguta iri mune frescoes yakawanda naAmbrogio Lorenzetti, kazhinji inorondedzerwa sekuratidza hutongi hwakanaka uye hwakaipa. Asi izvo zvinoita kuti munhu afunge nezvekusiyana pakati pewairemekedzwa musha wako uye, taura, US Congress. Kusiyana kwakanyanya kunoratidzwa ndeyechokwadi yorugare uye hondo, iyo iri chaiyo uye inofananidzira zvinyorwa (chimiro cherugare chakanyorwa nezwi rokuti "Pax") pamwe chete nezita rekare remifananidzo. Tinoona rugare mumuguta uye kumaruwa, uye hondo muguta uye kumaruwa. Uye, hazvina mhosva kuti vanhu vanoda kudanidzira sei "Hakuna kururamisira, hakuna rugare" izvo chaizvo zvinoratidzwa pano ndezvokuti mukushayikwa kworugare, chero mubvunzo wekururamisira unofadza.

Gittings inotsanangura guta iri murugare. Inosanganisira vasarwi. "[T] iye dzimba dzakachengetedzwa zvakanaka nemaruva emaruva mumahwindo awo; kune vabati vekushanda, mucheki, mucheki, mupfuri wegoridhe, nechitoro chewaini nevanhu vari kutamba chess, asi minda kunze inokurudzirwa zvakanaka, ine vhuta, masaga akagadzirira kupura, varimi vanotyaira mumapiki avo vachienda kumusika, uye chikamu chokuvhima kunze nembwa dzavo. "

Gittings pamusoro peguta uye kumaruwa muhondo: "[B] elow chidimbu chinobhururuka chekutya, tinoona guta risine migwagwa isina ruvara uye mashomanana mashomanana, dzimba dzisingabviri, vakadzi vachibatwa chibharo, uye, kunze kwemasuo eguta, masango akasiyiwa, zvivako kuisa pasi, uye vashandi vari kushanda. Nhamba yakawanda yeTyranny inotonga pamusoro pechiitiko, uye Kururamiswa kwakasungwa pamakumbo ake. "

Chinangwa chekusiyanisa rugare nehondo pamadziro eimba umo Siena vakasarudzwa vakuru vehurumende vakaita sangano revanhu zvakafanana nechinangwa chekurembera Picasso's Guernica mukati mechivako cheUnited Nations muNew York (apo chinangwa chinopesana chinoshandiswa nekufukidzira kuti kuveza mukati mevhoti pamusoro pehondo dzinotsigira hondo).

Gittings anodzokorora Pierre Ronsard kubva ku1558:

"Hazvingave zvakanaka here, mauto anokudzwa,
Kwete kuzviita murwi unotyisa wemhosva,
Asi kuisa pasi zvombo zvako uye kurarama zvakanaka kumba,
Nemudzimai wako akatendeka uye akanaka mumaoko ako,
Kuona vana venyu vaduku vachitamba pachipfuva chake,
Uye kubata kumutsipa wako nemaoko avo emucheche,
Kuputira ndebvu dzako nekukanda pamatombo ako,
Kukushevedza iwe pap nemakwikwi maduku mashoma?
Zviri nani kupfuura kugara mumisasa uye kurara pasi,
Kutambura kubva muhuzha hwechando uye kutonhora kwechando,
Zviri nani kufa kare zvakapoteredzwa nemhuri yako
Pane kukuwana guva rako mudumbu rembwa. "

Rubens anoratidza rugare kurwisana kunodzivisa hondo uye denda uye nzara iyo yakaparadza Europe:

Rubens anonyorawo Mwarikadzi weUchenjeri huri kubvisa Hondo kubva murugare inopfumisa Pfuma:

Isu tinogona, nhasi, tinowana kusiyana kwakasiyana, kwakadai ichi chinyorwa uye mavhidhiyo Kusiyanisa zvishamiso zvekugara muDhamasiko nematambudziko ehondo ikoko. Asi munyori anorumbidza hondo nehondo yekukundwa nekusika rugare, asi isu tadzidza kuti hondo inounza, zvakanakisisa, runyararo rwakasimba.

Heino website Kusiyanisa kubatanidzwa muUnited States Army nekurarama upenyu hune rugare. Zvinoreva kuodza mwoyo kunyora. Chirevo ichi pasi apa chakaonekwa chisina kugamuchirwa kune imwe kambani yemabhadhibhodhi muNyika yeRahara, uye kurwisana kuti kuitwe seyakabhadharwa pamasangano ehupfumi inopfuurira: