Achinyamata omwe akulira ku Afghanistan lero sanadziwe mtendere, ndipo patadutsa zaka pafupifupi makumi awiri zoyeserera zachitukuko zaku US, zikhalidwe mdziko muno zitha kukhala zoyipa kuposa pomwe zomwe zimatchedwa "kukhazikitsa mtendere" zinayamba mu 2001.
Nkhondo yakhudza kwambiri ana ku Afghanistan.
Pambuyo pazaka makumi awiri kuchokera ku mayiko a United States akulimbikitsana, pokhala ndi chiyembekezo chothandiza dziko lotopetsa nkhondo kuti likhale njira yowakhazikika ndi kudzidalira, sizinasinthike kuti ana akule lero ku Afghanistan. Iwo sali otetezeka. Iwo alibe ufulu wochulukirapo. Ndipo iwo sanadziwe konse mtendere.
Chowonadi ndi chakuti, kukhala moyo m'dzikoli kungakhale koipitsitsa kuposa pamene "mtendere" unayambira mu 2001.
Nthawi zambiri timawona ziwerengero ndi ziwerengero za dziko mufukufuku wosiyanasiyana, mauthenga a ufulu waumunthu ndi katangale. Koma chiwerengero ichi chikutanthauza chiyani kwa Afghans?
Mu 2017, ana a 8,000 anaphedwa ndikupwetekedwa pa nkhondo ndi Syria ndi Yemen kupita ku Congo ndi Afghanistan. Ana a Afghanistan amawerengera zoposa 40 peresenti ya chiwerengerocho. Osauka pakati pa ana a Afghanistan anali yowonjezera ndi 24 peresenti mu 2016.
Kupitirira malipiro enieni ndizopweteketsa za nkhondo. Pafupifupi hafu ya ana pakati pa zaka 7 ndi 17, kapena 3.7 miliyoni, samapita kusukulu, ndipo mlingo wa ana osukulu sukulu yawonjezeka kufika pa ma 2002. Atsikana amawerengera za 60 peresenti ya chiwerengero ichi.
Nkhondo yasokoneza dongosolo la maphunziro ku Afghanistan. Kulimbana m'masukulu kwawuka, makamaka m'madera olimbana, omwe tsopano akukwera. Masukulu ogwirira m'madera akumidzi a Afghanistan akuyang'anizana mavuto aakulu. Popeza dzikoli liri ndi magetsi ochepa kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, ophunzira ali ndi mwayi wochepa wa maphunziro apamwamba komanso ophunzirira. Izi zimapangitsa kuphunzira kukhala kovuta, ngati kosatheka.
Atsikana ali m'kalasi yamakono ku Afghanistan. (Human Rights Watch)
Pamwamba pa izo, pa zaka zingapo zapitazi ngati "nkhondo ya mtendere" inayamba, kugwiriridwa kwa ana ku Afghanistan kwakula. Ana akhala anagwiritsidwa ntchito pomenyana ndi kubzala zipangizo zopanda pake. Mabungwe ambiri a ufulu wa anthu apeza ana atsekeredwa pa milandu yowonjezera, kuphatikizapo akukhala a Taliban, angakhale odzipha mabomba, mabomba okwera mabomba ndi ophatikizana nawo magulu ankhondo. Ambiri mwa ana awa, omwe ali ndi zaka zakubadwa za 18, akugwidwa mu ndende ya chitetezo chachikulu kwa akuluakulu popanda ndondomeko yoyenera.
Anyamata ali kundende yachinyamata ku Feyzabad, ku Afghanistan, omwe angakhale nawo osungira chitetezo cha dziko. (Agencja Fotograficzna Caro / Alamy Stock Photo)
Afghanistan ali ndi mmodzi mwa anthu aang'ono kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Pafupi theka la anthu a 35 miliyoni ali pansi pa zaka za 15. Ngakhale malonjezano onse otetezera ufulu wa ana ndi kusintha miyoyo yawo, achinyamata adakali ozunzika kwambiri pamene dziko likuyambanso nkhondo.
Mayiko a US ndi maiko akunja sakuthandiza kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zawo ku Afghanistan. M'malo molipirira nkhondo ndikupanga zotsatira zochepa kudalira thandizo chachikulu, thandizo liyenera kuikapo pa zokwaniritsa zosowa za ana, omwe ali okhudzidwa kwambiri komanso omwe ali otetezeka ku Afghanistan.
Chifukwa cha umphaŵi wadzaoneni, ana pafupifupi anayi a onse a Afghanistani amagwira ntchito pamoyo wawo. Amapirira maola ambiri kuti azilipira pang'ono kapena kulipira, ndipo amagwira ntchito m'mafakitale olemera kwambiri, kuphatikizapo kupukuta, kupanga njerwa, migodi, zitsulo, ndi ulimi.
Ngozi za nkhondo zimabweretsa zotsatira zina zowawa. Nthawi zina, mabanja ayenera kugulitsa ana kuti adye chakudya.
Komabe, makina a nkhondo amachititsa chidwi kuti asawononge chidwi cha ana ku Afghanistan. Pamene osauka akuvutika, olemera akupitirizabe kukhala olemera.
Ndi nkhani yodziwika, yowawa.
Aliyense amene amasamala za chilungamo kwa onse ayenera kulimbikira ufulu wa ana ku Afghanistan komanso akulekanitsa kuchokera ku makina a nkhondo a US zomwe zimapereka chithandizo cha mavutowa.
Ngati sitili, kodi aliyense wa ife ali ndi chiyembekezo chotani cha mtendere?
Nkhaniyi idapangidwa ndi Nkhama Zamalonda Zamtendere, ntchito ya Independent Media Institute.
