Wolemba Robert Fantina, World BEYOND War, January 10, 2024
Tsiku labwino.
Ndi mwayi waukulu kwa ine kukhala m’gulu lapaderali lero.
Ndikufuna kuyamba ndikuyang'ana kamphindi pa 'Zolinga ndi Mfundo za UN', makamaka Mutu 1 wa UN Charter. Ndime 1 (2) ikunena kuti chimodzi mwa zolinga zazikulu za United Nations, motero Bungwe la Chitetezo, ndikukhazikitsa ubale wapadziko lonse wozikidwa pa kulemekeza "mfundo ya ufulu wofanana ndi kudziyimira pawokha kwa anthu". 'Kudzilamulira' kumatanthauzidwa mophweka ngati "ufulu wofunikira wa anthu kupanga miyoyo yawo".
Nthawi zambiri pamakhala kukambirana za ufulu wodzilamulira. Maboma a Azungu amalengeza kukhulupirika kwawo ku ufulu wachibadwidwe umenewu, pamene akuuphwanya tsiku ndi tsiku. Zikuwoneka kuti 'kudzilamulira' ndi cholinga chokha ngati mawonekedwe a boma osankhidwa akutumikira ambuye achifumu.
Tiwona zitsanzo zingapo.
Pamene Hamas, yomwe ili m'nkhani zambiri pano, inasankhidwa kukhala pampando ku Gaza Strip mu 2006, bungwe la United States Congress linavomereza kuletsa thandizo ku Palestine, thandizo lomwe linali lochepa kale. Owonera kunja nthawi zambiri amawona izi ngati chisankho chaulere, chopanda chinyengo cha mavoti monga momwe adachitikira ku US mu 2000, pachisankho chomwe chidapangitsa Purezidenti George Bush kulamulira. Noam Chomsky adayankhapo ndemanga pankhaniyi. Iye anati: “Simukuloledwa kuvota molakwika pa chisankho chaufulu. Ndilo lingaliro lathu la demokalase. Demokalase ili bwino bola mukuchita zomwe ife (United States) tikunena…. ”
Chaka chomwecho, Senator wa ku United States a Hillary Clinton, yemwe pambuyo pake adzaimira Pulezidenti wa Democratic, adanena za chisankho chomwe chinabweretsa Hamas ku Gaza Strip. Adanenanso kuti: "Sindikuganiza kuti tikanakakamizika zisankho kumadera aku Palestina. Ndikuganiza kuti kumeneko kunali kulakwitsa kwakukulu. Ndipo ngati tifuna kukankhira chisankho, tikadayenera kuwonetsetsa kuti tachitapo kanthu kuti tidziwe yemwe angapambane. "
Zochuluka kwambiri ku U.S. kuthandizira kudziyimira pawokha.
Chimenecho ndi chitsanzo chimodzi chabe mwa ambiri, ochulukirachulukira kundandalika lero. Koma tiyenera kukumbukira kuti ku Iran mu 1953, a US adagonjetsa boma losankhidwa mwa demokalase la dzikolo, ndikuyika ndikuthandiza wolamulira wankhanza.
Patapita zaka 17, anthu a ku Chile anasankha Salvador Allende. United States inagwira ntchito mwakhama kuti ibweretse chipwirikiti ku Chile, ndipo pamapeto pake zinatheka kuti amugwetse, m'malo mwake ndi General Augusto Pinochet. Panthaŵiyo zinanenedwa kuti: “Zimenezi zinali zomvetsa chisoni kwambiri chifukwa palibe dziko lina la ku Latin America limene lingafanane ndi dziko la Chile ndi boma logwirizana ndi malamulo oyendetsera dziko lino komanso zinthu zofunika kwambiri pa ntchito za anthu: mkulu wodalirika, wochita zinthu mwadongosolo, wodziwa bwino ntchito za boma ndi ndale. ufulu, ulamulilo wa malamulo, ndi kuonetsera poyela zosankha zandale.” Zaka zingapo pambuyo pake, Pinochet atasiya ulamuliro, National Commission for Truth and Reconciliation Report ndi maphunziro ena anavumbula kusoŵa kochititsa mantha kwa anthu zikwizikwi a ku Chile, ndi kuzunzidwa kwa zikwi makumi. Umenewo unali mtengo umene dziko la United States linapereka kwa anthu a ku Chile, poyesetsa kufuna kudzilamulira.
Zitsanzo za mayiko a Kumadzulo, makamaka ku U.S., kuletsa kudziyimira pawokha kwa anthu padziko lonse lapansi sikutha kwenikweni.
Tsopano tiwona momwe zinthu zilili ku Kashmir mwatsatanetsatane.
Chigamulo 47 cha United Nations chili ndi zotsatirazi mu ndime 7: “Boma la India liyenera kuvomereza kuti ku Jammu ndi Kashmir kukhazikitsidwe bungwe la Plebiscite Administration kuti lichite nawo zokambirana mwachangu pa nkhani yoti Boma livomerezedwe kukhala dziko la India kapena Pakistan.” 135. plebiscite ikhoza kufotokozedwa bwino ngati voti yachindunji ya mamembala onse kusankha pa funso lofunika pagulu. Sipangakhalenso "funso lofunikira pagulu" kuposa momwe Kashmir alili mtsogolo mwa anthu aku Kashmiri. Maufulu ena onse adzachokera ku ichi.
Kudzipereka kumeneku sikunamveke bwino, ndipo boma la India lidavomereza kuti anthu aku Kashmir ali ndi ufulu wosankha tsogolo lawo.
Onani mawu akuti, ‘mwamsanga’. Izi zidalembedwa mu 1948, zaka makumi asanu ndi awiri mphambu zisanu ndi chimodzi zapitazo, ndipo plebiscite sinachitike, kapena kukonzedwa, kapena kukambidwanso. Boma la India, monga la US ndi mayiko ena ambiri amphamvu pazachuma, amangonyalanyaza malamulo apadziko lonse lapansi ngati akuwona kuti ndizovuta, komanso kuti sizikugwirizana ndi zolinga zankhanza zazandale.
Ndime 11 imati: "Boma la India liyenera kuchitapo kanthu kuletsa, ndikupereka chithandizo chonse kwa Woyang'anira ndi antchito ake popewa, kuwopseza kulikonse, kukakamiza kapena kuwopseza, chiphuphu kapena chikoka china chosayenera kwa ovota pamilandu, ndi Boma la India liyenera kulengeza poyera ndipo liyenera kuchititsa Boma la Boma kulengeza izi ngati udindo wapadziko lonse lapansi wokakamiza akuluakulu aboma onse ku Jammu ndi Kashmir. ”1 Izi sizinanyalanyazidwe.
Umboni winanso wosonyeza kufunitsitsa kwa India kunyalanyaza ufulu wachibadwidwe wa anthu ndi nkhani ya mu India Quarterly ya April-June, 2001. Inde, kunyansidwa kotheratu kwa dziko la India kaamba ka malamulo a mayiko sikuli kwachilendo. R. S. Saini amafotokoza momveka bwino mfundo zaku India zodziyimira pawokha, komanso makamaka pankhani ya Jammu-Kashmir.
Kumayambiriro kwa mawu ake akufotokoza momveka bwino maganizo ake kuti "Zambiri za nkhondo zapachiŵeniŵeni m'madera onse
dziko lapansi chifukwa cha kukwaniritsidwa kwa zomwe zimatchedwa ufulu wodzilamulira ".
Onani zigawo ziwiri zofunika za chiganizo chimodzi ichi:
1) Kudzilamulira kumabweretsa mikangano yapachiweniweni, ndi
2) Kudzilamulira ndiko 'kutchedwa' kulondola, kutanthauza kuti sikuyenera kwenikweni, koma chinthu chomwe chimatchulidwa kawirikawiri komanso mosayenera kuti ndi ufulu.
Saini atasiya kufunikira kodziyimira yekha, akunena chifukwa chake, m'malingaliro ake, sizikugwira ntchito ku Kashmir. Anati: "Zomwe akumwenyera zakhala kuti dziko la Jammu ndi Kashmir atavomera ku Indian Union mu 1947 lakhala gawo lofunikira komanso losalekanitsidwa ladziko lodziyimira pawokha komanso lodziyimira pawokha la India pomwe mfundo yodziyimira pawokha siyikugwira ntchito. .”
Lingaliro la Saini la Jammu ndi Kashmir kukhala gawo losagwirizana la India siligwirizana ndi malamulo apadziko lonse lapansi, monga ndanenera kale.
Mu 2011, mtolankhani Swastik Bhushan Singh adafotokoza za ufulu wodziyimira pawokha wa anthu aku Kashmir. Ananenanso kuti: "Tsoka ilo, kuwunika momwe zilili pano pa ufulu wa anthu a Kashmiri wodziyimira pawokha kukuwonetsa kuti zachepetsedwa kukhala zolankhula zandale kapena kusakhalapo pazokambirana. Komabe, kunyalanyaza ufulu sikungathe kuuthetsa.
"Kupitilira apo, ziyenera kuwonekeratu kuti zovuta za ku Kashmir sizingathetsedwe popanda kuvomerezanso komanso kudzipereka kwapadziko lonse lapansi pakukwaniritsa ufulu wodziyimira pawokha wa anthu aku Kashmir. Ndiye pokhapo pamene dongosolo lamtendere likhoza kupita patsogolo lomwe lingathe kuchita bwino. "
Kuponderezedwa kwa anthu aku Kashmir kwasintha; sizimamveka kawirikawiri m'ma TV akumadzulo, ndipo sizikhala mitu. Atsogoleri a maboma osiyanasiyana amakumana ndi Prime Minister wakupha Narendra Modi. Seputembala watha, Modi adakumana ndi Purezidenti waku US a Joe Biden, omwe nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "Genocide Joe", ndipo atatha msonkhano wawo adapereka chiganizo chogwirizana. Mbali ina imati: “Atsogoleriwo anapempha maboma kuti apitirize ntchito yosintha dziko la India-U.S. Strategic Partnership m'magawo onse azinthu zapadziko lonse lapansi, kutengera kukhulupirirana ndi kumvetsetsana. Atsogoleriwo adatsindikanso kuti mfundo zomwe zimagawana ufulu, demokalase, ufulu wachibadwidwe, kuphatikizika, kuchulukana, ndi mwayi wofanana kwa nzika zonse ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti mayiko athu achite bwino komanso kuti zikhalidwezi zimalimbitsa ubale wathu. "
Zachisoni, U.S. ndi India amagawana zinthu; ‘makhalidwe’ amenewa akuphatikizapo kunyoza ufulu wa anthu; kupembedza mphamvu ndi phindu pamwamba pa china chilichonse; chikhulupiliro chakuti malamulo apadziko lonse lapansi sagwira ntchito kwa iwo, komanso kuti atsogoleri awo ali pamwamba pa kuyankha mlandu wawo wankhondo komanso milandu yotsutsana ndi anthu. "Zikhalidwe" zogawana izi zikuphatikizanso kusankhana mitundu, monga momwe Modi adawonetsera ku India kwa Asilamu ku India ndi Kashmir, komanso a Biden m'machitidwe a US amtundu wamitundu mkati mwa malire a US, komanso kuthandizira kwake kuphana kwa Aarabu ku Palestine. Ndipo ngati pali chikaiko kuti Islamophobia ndi mtundu wa tsankho, pamene Chisilamu si mtundu, ndiloleni ndibwereze mawu kuchokera ku European Network Against Racism: "Islamophobia ndi mtundu wina wa tsankho womwe umatanthawuza za ziwawa ndi tsankho. , komanso malankhulidwe a tsankho, omwe amalimbikitsidwa ndi nkhanza za m'mbiri yakale komanso malingaliro olakwika omwe amachititsa kuti anthu asamangokhalira kuchotsedwa ndi kunyozetsa Asilamu, ndi onse omwe amawaona ngati choncho. Islamophobia ndi mtundu wa tsankho chifukwa ndi zotsatira za kukhazikitsidwa kwa gulu ngati mtundu komanso komwe kumadziwika kuti ndizomwe zimachitikira ....
Maboma amphamvu kwambiri padziko lapansi alibe chidwi chotsimikizira kudziyimira pawokha kwa anthu aku Kashmir. Awonetsa mobwerezabwereza kuti mgwirizano wawo wandale ndi zachuma ndi India umakhala wofunika kwambiri kuposa malamulo apadziko lonse lapansi ndi ufulu wa anthu. Pachifukwa ichi tiyenera kupitiriza kulankhula, kulimbikitsa, kuvota ndi kuchita zinthu zina kuti tipeze ufulu wodzilamulira womwe anthu a Kashmiri akhala akukanidwa kwa nthawi yaitali.
Zikomo.
