Hiroshima Osaphunzira: Nthawi Yonena Zoona Zokhudza Ubwenzi wa US ndi Russia komanso Pomaliza Ban 

Wolemba Alice Slater, Ogasiti 8, 2019

Ogasiti 6th ndi 9^th zindikirani zaka za 74 kuyambira kuphulitsa kwa atomiki ku Hiroshima ndi Nagasaki, pomwe bomba limodzi lokha la nyukiliya lidagwa mumzinda uliwonse lomwe lidapangitsa kufa kwa anthu aku 146,000 ku Hiroshima ndi 80,000 ku Nagasaki. Lero, ndi lingaliro la US kuti tisiyane ndi 1987 Intermediate-Range Nuclear Force (INF) yomwe takambirana ndi Soviet Union, tayang'ananso kuphompho kwa imodzi mwamavuto ovuta kwambiri okhala ndi zida za nyukiliya kuyambira kutalika kwa Nkhondo Yozizira.

Ndi kutsimikizidwa kwake komanso kuyang'aniridwa mosamala, mgwirizano wa INF udachotsa gulu lonse la zophonya zomwe zikusokoneza mtendere ndi bata ku Europe. Tsopano a US asiya mgwirizanowu pamaziko kuti Moscow ikupanga ndikutumiza chida ndi zinthu zingapo zoletsedwa ndi panganolo. Russia ikukana milanduyi ndikuimba US mlandu wophwanya panganolo. US idakana zopempha zaku Russia mobwerezabwereza kuti athetse zosiyanazo kuti asunge Panganoli.

Kuchotsa kwa US kuyenera kuwonekera potengera zolimbikitsa zazakale zomwe zidabwera ku Soviet Union ndipo tsopano Russia ndi United States ndi mayiko omwe ali pansi pa "ambulera" ya nyukiliya ku US ku NATO ndi Pacific. US yakhala ikuwongolera mpikisano wa zida za nyukiliya ndi Russia kuyambira koyambirira kwa nthawi ya nyukiliya:

- Mu 1946 Truman anakanidwa  Zomwe Stalin adapereka kuti apereke bomba ku UN yomwe yangopangidwa kumene poyang'aniridwa ndi mayiko ena, pambuyo pake anthu aku Russia adapanga bomba lawo;

-Reagan anakana pempho la Gorbachev loti apereke Star Wars ngati njira yoti mayiko onse awiri athetse zida zawo zonse za nyukiliya pomwe khoma linatsika ndipo Gorbachev adatulutsa Eastern Europe yonse mmanja mwa Soviet, modabwitsa, osawombera;

- US idakankhira NATO mpaka kumalire a Russia, ngakhale idalonjeza pomwe khoma lidzagwa kuti NATO silingakulitse inchi imodzi kum'mawa kwa Germany yolumikizana;

-Clinton adaphulitsa bomba ku Kosovo, podutsa veto yaku Russia ku UN Security Council ndikuphwanya pangano la UN lomwe tidasainira kuti tisamenyere nkhondo dziko lina pokhapokha ngati titawopsezedwa;

-Clinton adakana zomwe Putin adapereka kuti aliyense adule zida zathu za nyukiliya ku bomba limodzi la 1000 aliyense ndikuyitanitsa ena onse pagome kuti akambirane za kuchotsedwa kwawo, bola tikanaleka kupanga zida zankhondo ku Romania;

-Bush adatuluka mu Pangano la Anti-Ballistic Missile 1972 ndipo adaika chida chatsopano ku Romania ndi china choti chitsegulidwe posachedwa pansi pa Trump ku Poland, kumbuyo kwenikweni kwa Russia;

-Bush ndi Obama adatseka zokambirana zilizonse mu 2008 ndi 2014 pamalingaliro aku Russia ndi China oti chiletso cha zida zam'mlengalenga mu Komiti Yogwirizira Zida ku Geneva;

-Obama anakanidwa Pempho la a Putin kuti akambirane mgwirizano kuti aletse nkhondo yapa cyber;

-Trump tsopano adatuluka mu Pangano la INF;

-Kuchokera ku Clinton kudzera mwa a Trump, US sinavomereze Mgwirizano Woyeserera Woyeserera wa 1992 monga Russia, ndipo wachita mayeso opitilira 20 mobisa pansi pa malo oyeretsedwa a Western Shoshone pamalo oyeserera a Nevada. Popeza plutonium yaphulika ndi mankhwala omwe samayambitsa unyolo, US ikuti mayesowa saphwanya panganolo;

-Obama, ndipo tsopano a Trump, alonjeza madola trilioni imodzi pazaka 30 zikubwerazi pamafakitole awiri atsopano a bomba la nyukiliya ku Oak Ridge ndi Kansas City, komanso sitima zapamadzi zatsopano, mivi, ndege, ndi zida zankhondo!

Kodi Russia yanena chiyani chokhudza amgwirizano awa ku US pankhani zachitetezo chamayiko ena ndi mgwirizano wapadziko lonse? Putin pa adilesi yake ya State of the Nation mu Marichi 2018 anati:

 Ndilankhula za zida zatsopano za zida zaku Russia zomwe tikupanga poyankha kuchoka ku United States of America ku Anti-Ballistic Missile Pangano ndi kutumizidwa kwa machitidwe awo achitetezo chankhondo ku US komanso kupitilira malire amayiko awo.

Ndikufuna kuyenda kwakanthawi kakale. Kubwerera ku 2000, US idalengeza kuchoka kwa Mgwirizano wa Anti-Ballistic Missile. Russia idagwirizana ndi izi. Tidaona Pangano la Soviet-US ABM lolemba mu 1972 ngati mwala wapangodya wa chitetezo chamayiko kachitidwe. Mothandizidwa ndi mgwirizanowu, maphwando anali ndi ufulu wopereka zida zodzitchinjiriza mwamphamvu mfuti zokha m'gawo lake limodzi. Russia idatumiza machitidwe awa kuzungulira Moscow, ndi US mozungulira ake Grand Forks pamtunda wokhala ndi ICBM. Pamodzi ndi Strategic Arms Reduction mkataba. Pangano la ABM silinangopanga malo odalirika komanso limalepheretsa mbali iliyonse kugwiritsa ntchito mosasamala zida za nyukiliya, zomwe zikanayika pachiwopsezo anthu, chifukwa kuchuluka kwa zida zodzitchinjiriza mwa zida zomwe zidapangitsa kuti akhale wozunza osatetezeka poyankha.

Tidayesetsa kupusitsa anthu aku America kuti asiye mgwirizanowu.  

Zonse pachabe. US idatuluka mgwirizanowu ku 2002. Ngakhale zitachitika izi tinayesa kupanga zokambirana zabwino ndi anthu aku America. Tinapempha kuti tizigwira ntchito limodzi mderali kuti tichepetse mavuto athu ndikukhalabe odalirika. Panthawi ina, ndimaganiza kuti kunyengerera kumatheka, koma sizinatheke. Malingaliro athu onse, mwamtheradi onse awo, adakanidwa. Ndipo kenaka tidati tidzasintha njira zathu zamakono kuti titeteze chitetezo chathu. 

Ngakhale adalonjezedwa mu 1970 Non-Proliferation Pangano (NPT) kuti zida zisanu za nyukiliya zikunena - US, UK, Russia, France, China - zithetsa zida zawo za nyukiliya pomwe mayiko ena onse adziko lapansi adalonjeza kuti sadzazitenga (kupatula a India, Pakistan, ndi Israel, omwe adapezanso zida za nyukiliya), padakali mabomba pafupifupi 14,000 padziko lapansi. Onse koma 1,000 a iwo ali ku US ndi Russia, pomwe mayiko ena asanu ndi awiri, kuphatikiza North Korea, ali ndi bomba pafupifupi 1000 pakati pawo. Ngati US ndi Russia sangathetse kusamvana kwawo ndikulemekeza lonjezo lawo ku NPT kuthetsa zida zawo za nyukiliya, dziko lonse lapansi lipitilizabe kukhala pansi pa zomwe Purezidenti Kennedy adalongosola kuti ndi Lupanga la Damocles, lomwe liziwopsezedwa ndi masautso owopsa osowa ndi chiwonongeko.

Pofuna kupewa ngozi yanyukiliya, mu 2016, mayiko 122 adakhazikitsa Pangano latsopano loletsa zida za nyukiliya (TPNW). Imafuna kuletsa zida za nyukiliya monga momwe dziko lapansi linaletsera zida zamankhwala ndi tizilombo. Mgwirizanowu umapereka njira yoti zida za zida za nyukiliya zizilowa nawo ndikuchotsa nkhokwe zawo motsimikizika komanso moyenera. Pulogalamu Yadziko Lonse Yothetsa Zida za Nyukiliya, yomwe idalandira Mphotho ya Mtendere ya Nobel chifukwa cha kuyesetsa kwake, ikugwira ntchito kuti mgwirizanowu uyambe kugwira ntchito polembetsa mayiko 50 kuti avomereze mgwirizanowu. Kuyambira lero, mayiko 70 asayina mgwirizanowu ndipo 24 avomereza, ngakhale palibe mayiko omwe ali zida zanyukiliya kapena mgwirizano wa US pansi pa ambulera ya nyukiliya.

Ndi mwayi watsopanowu wotsiriza bomba ndikuthetsa mantha a zida za nyukiliya, tiyeni tinene zowona pazomwe zidachitika pakati pa US ndi Russia zomwe zidatifikitsa munthawi yovutayi ndikuyika udindo pomwe ukuyenera kukhazikitsa njira yamtendere weniweni ndi kuyanjanitsa kotero kuti sipadzakhalanso wina aliyense padziko lapansi amene adzawopsezedwe ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa za nkhondo ya zida za nyukiliya.

Nazi zina mwa zomwe mungachite kuti muchepetse bomba:

• Support Mizinda ya ICAN Yapemphedwa kuti ayimire mokomera mgwirizano wale
• Funsani membala wanu wa Congress kuti asayine IYANG'ANANI Nyumba Yamalamulo
• Funsani Okhala Purezidenti ku US kuti chikole kuthandizira pa Pangano la Ban ndi odulidwa Kugwiritsa ntchito kwa Pentagon
• Thandizani Osatsatsa Ndalama Pamphumi Yanyumba kuponyera pansi kwanyukiliya
• Support Code Pink Divest Kuchokera ku War Machine Campaign
• Gawani Zida Zankhondo Kuzam'mphepo, Momwe Mungalipirire Ndalama Zatsopano, Kafukufuku watsopano wokhuza kufunika kopewa zoopsa ziwiri zomwe zikukhudzana ndi dziko lathuli: kuwononga nyukiliya komanso kuwononga nyengo.
• Lowani chizindikiro World Beyond War lonjezani ndikuwonjezera dzina lanu pantchito yatsopano yovutayi kuti mapeto a nkhondo padziko lathuli akhale lingaliro lomwe nthawi yake yafika!  www.worldbeyondwar.org

Alice Slater, wolemba komanso woimira zida zanyukiliya, ndi membala wa Board of World Beyond War, Woimira UN NGO wa Nuclear Age Peace Foundation, komanso membala wakale wa CODEPINK.