Ndi Elliott Adams, WarICrime.org
Juni 6th adabweranso. D-day anali kale kale ndipo sindinkafuna kupanga chilichonse. Ndinadabwitsidwa ndi chipwirikiti chomwe ndidamva, ndimomwe ndimamvera patsikuli m'matumbo. Ndinazindikira kuti ngakhale ine ndinabadwa nkhondo itatha, D-day ndi Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse zinali gawo lenileni komanso logwirika laubwana wanga. Unali gawo la moyo wabanja langa, aphunzitsi anga amakhala, moyo wa makolo anzanga. Sanali okalamba okha omwe adazikumbukira, wamkulu aliyense muunyamata wanga anali ndi nkhani zankhondo ija. Anali amputees pamakona amisewu akugulitsa mapensulo ndipo anthu ozungulira ine akuchitabe nawo. Iyo inali gawo la moyo wanga ndipo idandithandizira kulembetsa nawo Vietnam. Zachidziwikire kuti ndimamva lero m'matumbo mwanga. Chifukwa chiyani ndimaganiza kuti zikadakhala zotero?
Nkhanizi zinali mbali ya dziko lomwe ndinakulira; nkhani za D-day, za wothandizirana ndi akazitape kwa chaka chimodzi akunena kuti kuukira koyamba kudzakhala kofooka, wankhondo woyamba wa phantom 1 wokhala ndi akasinja onyenga, malankhulidwe abodza apawailesi komanso mahema opanda kanthu akuwoneka ngati gulu lankhondo lomwe latsala pang'ono kuwukiridwa, la Omaha Beach, ku Utah Beach. Imfa, zolakwika zankhondo, opunduka, opambana, "kupezeka" kwa ndende zozunzirako anthu, Nkhondo ya Bulge, nkhanizi zinali zowoneka komanso gawo la ubwana wanga. Nkhani zambiri zidanenedwa nditagona, pa kadzutsa adatchulidwira mwakachetechete ndi makolo anga, ndipo ife ana tinauzidwa kuti tisafunse akuluakulu za iwo.
Nanga cholowa cha WWII ndi chiyani? Kwa anthu omwe adandizungulira mu unyamata wanga sanali D-day kapena VE day kapena VJ day. Izi zinali chabe zokometsera, za chisangalalo, kuti nkhondo ithe. Nkhondoyo sinamenyedwe kuti apambane nkhondoyi. Ayi, achikulire aubwana wanga adadziwa kuti pali vuto lalikulu - tingatani kuti izi zisadzachitikenso? Pazochitikira zawo, dziko lapansi silikanatha kukhala pankhondo ina yapadziko lonse lapansi, ndipo silikanatha kumenya nkhondo ina iliyonse. Cholowa cha nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse chinali funso loti tingatsimikizire bwanji kuti wopenga wotsatira, wolamulira wankhanza, dziko lotsatirali silimayambitsa nkhondo ina.
Allies adakambirana izi. Stalin amakhulupirira kuti titenge atsogoleri apamwamba a Nazi okwana 50,000 ndikuwapha. Izi zitha kutumiza uthenga womveka kwa atsogoleri a maboma okha, komanso anthu omwe adagwira ntchitoyi kuti akwaniritse ziwawa zawo. A Churchill, omwe sanakhudzidwepo ndi anthu 30 miliyoni omwe anamwalira ku Eastern Front, amaganiza kuti Stalin anali wopitilira muyeso. Churchill adati kupha atsogoleri akulu 5,000 a Nazi kungakhale imfa yokwanira kupangitsa kuti omwe atha kumenya nkhondo yankhondo aganizire kawiri. Truman amaganiza kuti tikufunikira malamulo, kuti tifunika kudziwa kuti nkhondoyi ndi milandu ndipo anthu akhoza kuyembekezera kuwazenga mlandu. Chifukwa chake makhothi a Nuremberg adapangidwa. Khothi ku Tokyo lidatsata, koma ndi Nuremberg yomwe idakhazikitsa maziko ndikukhazikitsa lamuloli.
Robert H. Jackson, Khoti Lalikulu Kwambiri ku United States Justice yemwe adachoka kukhoti kuti akhale mkonzi wamkulu wa makhoti a Nuremberg, adatero August 12, 1945 "Tiyenera kuwonetsa kwa a German kuti zolakwika zomwe atsogoleri awo akugwa pa mlandu sikuti adataya nkhondo, koma kuti adayambitsa. Ndipo sitiyenera kulolera kuti tiyambe kuyesedwa ndi mayesero a nkhondo, pakuti udindo wathu ndi wakuti palibe zodandaula kapena ndondomeko zomwe zidzakonza malo opita ku nkhondo yamphamvu. Zimatsutsidwa ndipo zimatsutsidwa ngati chida cha ndondomeko. "Izi, osati D-tsiku, ndi zomwe anthu aubwana wanga adalankhula. Iyi inali nkhondo nkhondo, iyi inali yabwino kwambiri yomwe inachititsa kuti nkhondo yonse ikhale yofunika.
Posachedwa ndimalankhula ndi Airmen ena aku US ndipo ndapeza kuti sakudziwa kuti makhothi aku Nuremberg anali ndani, ngakhale nditawalimbikitsa ndi mayendedwe ngati WWII ndi mayesero. Kodi ndizotheka kuti pambuyo paziwopsezo zonsezi, cholowa chosatha, kufotokozera zomwe WWII idamenyedwera kwatha? Anataya ngakhale kwa anthu athu ovala yunifolomu.
Pokonzekera makhothi mphamvu za Allies zidapereka Msonkhano wa Nuremberg. Izi zidakhazikitsa njira zoyeserera komanso milandu yomwe amayimbidwa mlandu. Sipangakhale kubwezera mwachidule. Mchitidwe womwe udakhazikitsidwa udali woyeserera mwachilungamo komanso momasuka momwe womuzenga mlandu aliyense amawerengedwa kuti alibe mlandu mpaka atadziwika kuti ndi wolakwa mosapenekera, ali ndi ufulu wopereka umboni wotsimikizira. Mlandu wa Nuremberg udapitilizabe kukhazikitsa milandu yomwe ingatsutsidwe, motero tili ndi mawu omwe tikudziwa masiku ano, monga milandu yankhondo, milandu yolimbana ndi anthu, komanso milandu yokhudza mtendere.
Chinali cholinga cha makhothi aku Nuremberg kuti kuyambitsa nkhondo ndikosaloledwa komanso kuzengedwa mlandu, ngakhale kukonzekera nkhondo yankhanza inali mlandu. Malamulo atsopanowa omwe akhazikitsidwa ndi Nuremberg adafotokozedwa mwachidule mu Mfundo zisanu ndi ziwiri za Nuremberg, mwa iwo kuti wolamulira kapena wamkulu wa dziko lopanda malamulo sali pamwamba pamalamulo, ndipo akhoza kuweruzidwa pamilandu yankhondo, milandu yolimbana ndi anthu komanso milandu yotsutsana ndi mtendere. Mpaka nthawiyo amawerengedwa kuti ndiwoposa lamulolo, kapena molondola amawerengedwa kuti ndi lamulo, motero sakanayimbidwa mlandu. Mfundo yachinayi imati ngati mutenga nawo mbali pankhondo, simungamasulidwe ndikunena kuti mwangotsatira zomwe mwalamulidwa; ngati munali m'gulu la milandu yankhondo mutha kuzengedwa mlandu. Mfundo ziwirizi zokha zidasinthiratu chiyembekezo kwa oyang'anira ndi ogwira ntchito mdziko lankhanza ndipo tikukhulupirira kuti zingalepheretse atsogoleri ankhanza kuyambitsa nkhondo ndi omwe amawayang'anira kuti apite nawo.
Panthawi yotsegulira milandu ya Nuremberg pa November 10, 1945, Robert H. Jackson, Pulezidenti wa US ku makhoti, atachoka ku Khoti Lalikulu la United States, adati "mwayi wouyesa mlandu woyamba pa milandu yokhudza mtendere wa dziko limapereka udindo waukulu. Zolakwa zomwe timafuna kuti tizitsutsa ndi kulanga zakhala zikuwerengedwa, zowawa, komanso zowopsya, kuti chitukuko sichingakhoze kulekerera kusanyalanyazidwa kwawo, chifukwa sichikhoza kupulumuka kubwerezedwa kwawo. Mitundu ina ikuluikulu ikuluikuluyi, ikugwedezeka ndi chigonjetso ndikugwedezeka ndi kuvulazidwa ikhale dzanja la kubwezera ndikudzipereka mwadzidzidzi adani awo ogwidwa ku chiweruzo cha lamulo ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe Mphamvu zakhala zikulipirapo Chifukwa. "
Kubwerera ku Juni 6th ndi zomwe zikutanthauza, omenyera nkhondo ndi anthu omwe ndidakulira pakati pa nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse sanalankhule za kupambana pankhondo ina, amakhulupirira kuti dziko lapansi silingapulumuke nkhondo ina - adalankhula za Nuremberg, zomwe amatanthauza komanso chiyembekezo chomwe Nuremberg adabweretsa. Pomwe timakumbukira tsikulo, D-day, tisamaiwale zomwe miyoyo yonseyi idatayika, zomwe anthu omwe adakhalapo pankhondoyi adachita kuti mliri wankhondo usawononge dziko lathuli. Pangani June 6th kukhala tsiku lanu kuti muphunzire makhothi aku Nuremberg. Yang'anani pa Nuremberg Charter (yomwe imadziwikanso kuti London Charter), makhothi aku Nuremberg ndipo mwina koposa zonse, Nuremberg Principles. Kungakhale kulakwitsa, ayi kungakhale koyipa kuposa kungolakwitsa, kuti tisiye kutayika kwa miyoyo 72 miliyoni, zopweteka, ndi chiwonongeko chomwe chidachitika pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse kuti chikhale chopanda pake poiwala za Nuremberg.
Elliot Adams ndi membala wa Veterans For Peace (VFP) wa ku New York State komanso pulezidenti wakale wa National Board of VFP.
