Sabon Rahoton Ya Bayyana Tarihin Sojoji A Cikin Masu Kashe Jama'a

By David Swanson, World BEYOND War, Yuni 14, 2023

A sabon rahoto daga Jami'ar Maryland, an ɗan ba da rahoto a kai a kai nan, zana a database na 3,023 “masu laifi masu tsattsauran ra’ayi” ko masu aikata laifukan “tsattsauran ra’ayi.” Ma'ajiyar bayanai, musamman "ya ƙunshi bayanan matakin mutum-mutumin da aka tantance akan tushe, halaye, da matakan tsattsauran ra'ayi na sama da 3,200 masu tsattsauran ra'ayi da masu tsattsauran ra'ayi waɗanda ke bin ra'ayin dama, hagu, Islama, ko akidu guda ɗaya a cikin United Jihohin da suka shafi 1948-2021."

Na dauki wannan ma’adanar bayanai ba ta da wani amfani wajen tantance adadin yawan masu harbi, alal misali, suna rike da kowace akidar “tsattsauran ra’ayi”, domin kowane mutum daya da ke cikin rumbun adana bayanai ya rike akalla guda daya. Amma yana iya gaya mana, alal misali, na waɗanda suke da irin wannan akida kuma suka shirya “haskar jama’a”—wato, ƙulla makirci don kashe mutane huɗu ko fiye—an kaɗan sun kasance “a hagu mai nisa,” sau uku da yawa. sun kasance “Musulunci,” kuma kusan sau biyu cewa da yawa sun kasance "daga dama."

Mun kuma koyi cewa daga 1990 zuwa 2022 kusan kashi 25% na waɗanda suka shirya laifuffukan kashe jama'a a Amurka (a wajen yaƙe-yaƙe, ba shakka) sun kasance membobin sojojin Amurka na baya ko na yanzu. Marubutan rahoton sun lura cewa wannan “fiye da sau uku na hidimar soja a yawan mutanen da balagaggu, wanda aka kiyasta kashi 8 cikin ɗari.”

Wannan adadi (25%) ya yi ƙasa da adadi na 32% - kuma a baya 36% - wanda nake da shi wanda aka samo daga wani rumbun adana bayanai na daban. Ɗaya daga cikin dalili shine na kalli maza kawai masu shekaru 18 zuwa 59, tun da wannan ya shafi yawancin masu harbe-harbe kuma yana ba da damar kwatanta ƙarancin ban mamaki ga 14.76% na yawan jama'ar wannan jima'i da shekarun da suka kasance a cikin soja. Na kuma duba kawai wadanda suka kashe mutum hudu ko fiye, ba wadanda suka yi makirci kawai ba. Amma ko tarihin soja ya ninka sau biyu, ko sama da sau uku fiye da kowa, ko kuma sau hudu daidai da yawan masu kashe jama'a kamar yadda yake a cikin jama'a, bambancin yana da mahimmanci, kuma kusan ba kawai dangantaka ba. Muna magana ne, bayan haka, game da horar da kashe-kashen jama’a kasancewarsa sanadin kashe-kashen jama’a. Zai yi matukar wahala a sami misali mai ƙarfi na abin da zai iya haifar da shi.

The Rahoton da aka ambata a sama shine na farko akan wannan batu a kowace kafar yada labaran Amurka cikin shekaru masu yawa. Ana samunsa a ciki Aiki & Manufar. Ya fara: "Sabis na soja 'shine mafi ƙarfi guda ɗaya mai tsinkaya matakin mutum' idan wani zai yi ko kuma ya yi shirin aiwatar da asarar rayuka, masu bincike sun gano." Na tabbata wannan da'awar bata ce. Abin da rahoton na Jami’ar Maryland ya yi iƙirari shi ne na mutanen da ke cikin ma’ajiyar bayanan masu tsattsauran ra’ayi, abin da ake kira sabis na soja shi ne mafi ƙarfi a matakin mutum ɗaya na hasashen ko wani ya yi niyyar kashe aƙalla mutane huɗu. Ba zan iya sanin abin da wannan ke gaya mani game da yawan jama'a ba tare da sanin yawan mutanen da ke yin kisan gilla ba tare da "aƙidar tsatsauran ra'ayi" ba da kuma nawa ne a cikin soja. Mai yiyuwa ne cewa riko da akidar gaskiya ta fi karfin hasashen fiye da asalin soja. Yana da kusan tabbas cewa kasancewar namiji ya fi ƙarfin hasashen fiye da asalin soja.

Amma abin da muka sani - abin da ba yaudara ba - shi ne cewa a cikin mutanen da ke cikin bayanan, ba shi da mahimmanci ko sun sami matsalolin lafiyar hankali, ko sun kasance memba na keɓaɓɓen clique, ko su kaɗai ne masu laifi. , ko suna da tarihin aikata laifuka kafin a “ɗaukar da ra’ayi,” menene shekarunsu, ko sun yi aure, ko suna da yara, ko sun sami ilimi mai zurfi, ko suna da aiki mai ƙarfi, ko kuma suna da tarihin shaye-shaye. Yana da mahimmanci fiye da haka - wajen tantance yuwuwar su kasance masu shirya laifin kisan kai maimakon wasu ƙananan laifuka - ko sun kasance cikin sojojin Amurka.

Amma a nan ne ainihin sashi mai ban sha'awa, da Rahotonshawarwarin:

"Kamar yadda binciken da muka yi a baya kan alakar tsattsauran ra'ayi da sojojin Amurka ya nuna, mambobin ma'aikata da kuma tsoffin sojoji ba sa iya yin tsatsauran ra'ayi har zuwa tashin hankali fiye da 'yan sauran jama'a. Koyaya, wannan taƙaitaccen binciken ya nuna cewa lokacin da membobin sabis da tsoffin sojoji suka yi tsatsauran ra'ayi, za su iya yin shiri, ko aikata laifuffuka masu yawa, don haka suna yin tasiri sosai kan amincin jama'a. ”

A wasu kalmomi, tsoffin sojoji da membobin sojan Amurka sun fi zama masu harbi da yawa, ba don suna iya ɗaukar “aƙidar tsattsauran ra’ayi ba” - gabaɗayan tushen bayanan - amma saboda wani dalili. Ina tsammanin an horar da shi kuma an ba da sharadi don yin harbi da yawa, kuma an yaba da shi. A kowane hali, shawarar da mutum zai yi tsammanin bin waɗannan hukunce-hukuncen da ke sama shine a hana mutane shiga aikin soja. Tsare mutane daga ƙungiyoyin “dama mai nisa”, da wataƙila wasu ƙungiyoyin ma, na iya zama masu taimako suma, amma waɗannan ba ƙarshe ba ne da suka fito daga wannan rahoton. Ba za a yi tsammanin rahoton zai ba da shawarar kawai a hana masu tsattsauran ra'ayi daga cikin sojoji ko sojoji daga tsattsauran ra'ayi ba, tun da ba mu ga wata shaida da ta dace da hakan ba, kuma ko ta yaya ba ta da ma'ana. Amma, ba za ku sani ba, wannan shine abin da ke gaba:

“Ire-iren wadannan laifuffuka sun fi jawo hankulan jama’a, suna yin illa ga amincewar jama’a ga sojoji, tare da cutar da martabar tsoffin sojoji da kuma sa ya zama da wahala ga hukumar ta DOD ta ci gaba da yin hadin gwiwa tare da daukar ma’aikata na gaba. Bisa ga wannan bincike, START da Mu Tsohon Sojoji sun ba da shawarar cewa DoD ta yi aiki tare da zaɓaɓɓun wakilai, Sashen Harkokin Tsohon Sojoji (VA), Ƙungiyoyin Sabis na Tsohon Sojoji (VSOs), da abokan hulɗar al'umma don aiwatar da dabarun kiwon lafiyar jama'a don magance tsattsauran ra'ayi a cikin daraja."

Ba wai kawai shawarar da ake ba da shawarar kiyaye membobin soja daga tsattsauran ra'ayi ba, amma "aiki da manufarsa" ita ce dangantakar jama'a ga sojoji, ba abubuwan da suka fi dacewa da lafiyar jama'a ba. A bayyane yake wannan shawarwarin ba bayanai ne aka yi amfani da su ba, amma sakamakon rashin iya cimma matsaya ta zahiri, wato a kiyaye mutane daga aikin soja. Ba wai kawai hujjar hulɗar jama'a abin kunya ba ne, amma kuma ba shi da ma'ana, saboda irin tasirin da za a iya yi - kuma ana samun shi - ta hanyar kafofin watsa labaru kawai suna yin watsi da irin waɗannan bayanai gaba ɗaya. Me yasa ku damu cewa masu harbi da yawa kasancewar tsoffin sojoji ba su dace ba yana sa sojoji suyi muni idan ni da Jami'ar Maryland kuma Aiki & Manufar Shin ƙungiyoyi uku ne kawai da suka taɓa ambata shi da babbar murya?

Ba lallai ba ne a ce, a kididdiga, kusan duk tsoffin sojoji ba masu harbi ba ne. Amma da kyar hakan zai iya zama dalilin rashin labarin labarai guda daya taba ambaton cewa masu harbin sun haura sau biyu (ko sau uku) kamar yadda ake iya zama tsoffin sojoji kamar sauran jama'a. Bayan haka, a kididdigar, kusan duk maza, masu tabin hankali, masu cin zarafi a gida, masu son Nazi, masu zaman kansu, da masu siyan bindiga su ma ba masu harbin jama’a ba ne. Amma duk da haka labaran kan waɗancan batutuwa sun yaɗu kamar cin hancin yaƙin neman zaɓe na NRA.

A gare ni akwai dalilai guda biyu waɗanda tsarin sadarwa mai hankali ba zai tantance wannan batu ba. Da farko dai, dalolinmu da zababbun jami’anmu suna horar da dimbin jama’a da kwantar da hankulan jama’a don su yi kisa, ana tura su kasashen waje su yi kisa, a yi musu godiya da “aiki,” suna yaba musu da kuma ba su ladan kashe-kashe, sannan wasu na kashe su a inda yake. ba abin karɓa ba. Wannan ba alaƙar dama ba ce, amma al'amari ne tare da tabbataccen haɗi.

Na biyu, ta hanyar sadaukar da yawancin gwamnatinmu wajen tsara kashe-kashe, har ma da kyale sojoji su horar da su a makarantu, da bunkasa wasannin bidiyo da fina-finan Hollywood, mun kirkiro al'adar da mutane ke tunanin cewa akidar soja abin yabo ne, tashin hankali ya warware. matsaloli, kuma wannan ramuwar gayya yana daya daga cikin mafi girman dabi'u. Kusan kowane mai harbin jama'a ya yi amfani da makamin soji. Galibin wadanda muka san rigar su sun yi ado kamar a soja. Wadanda suka bar rubuce-rubucen da aka yi wa jama'a sun kasance suna rubuta kamar suna cikin yaki. Don haka, yayin da zai iya ba mutane da yawa mamaki don gano yawan masu harbin jama'a na soja ne, zai yi wuya a sami masu harbin jama'a (tsofaffi na gaske ko a'a) waɗanda ba su da kansu suna tunanin sojoji ne.

Mun haɓaka al'ada da aka sadaukar don yabo da ɗaukaka shiga cikin yaƙi. Ba lallai ba ne ya zama yanke shawara mai hankali, amma ɗan jarida ya gamsu cewa militarism abin yabo ne zai ɗauka cewa ba shi da mahimmanci ga rahoto kan mai harbi da yawa kuma, ƙari, ɗauka cewa ba shi da daɗi a ambaci cewa mutumin tsohon soja ne. Irin wannan tartsatsin kai da ake yaɗawa shine kawai bayani mai yuwuwa ga fitar da wannan labari.

Al'amarin rufe wannan labari ba ya buƙatar ainihin "muradi," kuma ina so in ba wa manema labarai shawara kan harbe-harben jama'a cewa su ma, sun ba da ɗan ƙaramin ƙarfi ga farautar "muradi," da Tad ƙarin la'akari da ko gaskiyar cewa mai harbi ya rayu kuma yana numfashi a cikin cibiyar da aka keɓe don harbin jama'a na iya zama dacewa.