By David Swanson, World BEYOND War, Mayu 29, 2020
Ina kara sabon littafin Christian Sorensen, Fahimtar Masana'antar Yaki, zuwa jerin littattafan da nake tsammanin zasu shawo ku don taimakawa kawar da yaki da sojoji. Duba jerin abubuwan da ke ƙasa.
Yaƙe-yaƙe suna haifar da dalilai da yawa. Ba su haɗa da kariya, kariya, kyautatawa, ko aikin jama'a. Sun haɗa da rashin ƙarfi, lissafin siyasa, sha'awar iko, da baƙin ciki - kyamar baki da wariyar launin fata sun sauƙaƙe. Amma babban abin da ke haifar da yaƙe-yaƙe shi ne masana'antar yaƙi, haɗama mai cinyewa don babban ƙarfin dala. Yana motsa kasafin kudi na gwamnati, karatun yaki, wasannin tsere, nuna makamai, da jiragen sama na soja wadanda ake ganin suna girmama mutanen da ke aiki don kiyaye rayuwa. Idan zai iya kara yawan riba ba tare da wani yaƙe-yaƙe ba, masana'antar yaƙi ba za ta damu ba. Amma ba zai iya ba. Kuna iya samun shirye-shiryen yaƙi da yawa da horo na yaƙi ba tare da ainihin yaƙi ba. Shirye-shiryen suna yin yaƙe-yaƙe sosai da wuya a guji. Makamai suna iya haifar da yakin nukiliya na haɗari.
Littafin Sorensen kwata-kwata kuma da wartsakewa yana kaucewa haɗarurruka guda biyu na tattaunawar cin ribar yaƙi. Na farko, ba ya da'awar gabatar da sauƙaƙen bayani na militarism. Na biyu, ba ya bayar da shawarar cewa rashawa da almundahana da kuɗaɗen kuɗi da kuma cinikayyar mutane ita kanta matsalar ce. Babu wata hujja a nan cewa idan sojojin Amurka za su sauƙaƙe littattafansu kuma su ƙasƙantar da kasuwancin yaƙin kuma su wuce dubawa da kyau kuma su daina ɓoye ɓarnatar da kuɗi, to duk za su dace da duniya, kuma ana iya gudanar da ayyukan kisan kai tare da lamiri mai tsabta. Akasin haka, Sorensen ya nuna yadda cin hanci da rashawa da lalacewar zamantakewar al'umma ke ciyar da junan su, wanda ke haifar da ainihin matsala: tsari da ɗaukaka ɗaukaka. Yawancin littattafai kan cin hanci da rashawa a cikin kasuwancin yaƙi sun karanta kamar tattaunawa game da riba mai yawa a cikin kasuwancin azabtar da bunnies, inda marubutan suka yi imanin cewa ya kamata a azabtar da bunnies ba tare da cin riba da yawa ba. (Ina amfani da bunn ne kawai don taimakawa masu karatu waɗanda basa tausayawa mutane kamar yadda bunnies suke fahimta.)
Fahimtar Masana'antar Yaki ba bincike bane mai yawa kamar kokarin shawo kanta ta maimaita misalai, misalai da yawa, sunaye da sanya su sama da daruruwan shafuka. Marubucin ya yarda cewa yana goge saman. Amma yana yin tazar a wurare da yawa, kuma sakamakon ya zama mai jan hankali ga yawancin mutane. Idan hankalin ku bai daskare ba, zaku ji sha'awar shawa bayan rufe wannan littafin. Lokacin da Kwamitin Nye ya gudanar da sauraron kararraki a cikin shekarun 1930 na fallasa labarin cin amanar yaki, mutane sun damu saboda ana daukar cin amanar yaki abin kunya. Yanzu mun sami littattafai kamar Sorensen waɗanda ke bayyana ɓoyayyun yaƙi a matsayin masana'antu na gabaɗaya, ɗayan da ke haifar da yaƙe-yaƙe daga abin da zai sami riba, yayin kuma lokaci guda kuma a cikin tsari yana haifar da rashin kunya a cikin zukatan mutane da biyan duk abin. Irin waɗannan littattafan suna da aikin sake haifar da abin kunya, ba wai kawai fallasa abin da ya riga ya zama abin kunya ba. Ko sun haɗu da aikin zai ci gaba da gani. Amma ya kamata mu yada su kuma mu gwada shi.
Wani lokaci Sorensen yakan daina nuna abin da misalansa marasa iyaka ke haifar da su. Ga irin wannan nassi:
“Wadansu mutane na ganin lamarin kaza-ko-kwai ne. Suna jayayya cewa yana da wahala a faɗi abin da ya fara - masana'antar yaƙi ko kuma buƙatar a bi bayan mugaye a cikin duniyar. Amma ba ma halin da ake ciki ba inda akwai matsala, sannan masana'antar yaƙi ta zo da mafita don matsalar. Akasin haka ne kawai: Masana'antar yaƙi ta ɓarke da batun, kauce wa magance tushen musababbin, kera makami, da kuma sayar da makaman, wanda Pentagon ta saya don amfani da su a ayyukan soja. Wannan aikin yayi daidai da tsarin Kamfanin Amurka ke amfani da shi don sa ku, mabukaci, don siyan samfurin da ba kwa buƙata. Bambanci kawai shi ne cewa masana'antar yaƙi tana da hanyoyin samar da kayayyaki masu ma'ana. ”
Ba wai kawai wannan littafin yana ba da bincike marar ƙima da rubuce-rubucen da za su kai ga yanke shawara da suka dace ba, amma yana yin hakan ne da ingantaccen yare. Sorensen har ma ya bayyana gaban shi cewa zai koma ga Ma'aikatar Yaki ta wannan, sunan sa na asali, cewa zai je ya kira cin amanar kasa da sunan “abokan cinikinmu,” da dai sauransu. a cikin masana'antar yaki. Zan ba ku rabin rabin shafi:
saya cikakken kewayon abubuwan komputa: haɓaka makamai don busa tauraron dan adam na wasu ƙasashe
ƙarin buƙatar kwangila: fitar da mafi girman dukiyar jama'a a dandamali
tsarewa mai gudanarwa: asibiti na sirri
mai ba da shawara: Jami'an CIA / jami'an kwadago na musamman
tsaron kai na gaba: Bush Doctrine na yajin aiki kafin, komai ingancin barazana
cinikin makamai: sayar da makaman mutuwa
mayaƙin makamai: farar hula ko mai juriya, soja ko mara amfani
"Bisa umarnin gwamnatin da aka kulla.], Amurka tana gudanar da zirga-zirgar jiragen sama marasa matuki tare da masu dauke da makamai wadanda ke da ikon dawowa da wuta idan aka harba su": “Mun jefa bam a cikin farar hula” don tabbatar da rayuwar gwamnatocin abokan ciniki
waje, makami, tashar, turawa gaba wurin aiki, tsare tsare, inda ake gudanar da aikin: tushe
Karanta wadannan litattafai:
DA WAR ABOLI LITTAFI:
Fahimtar Masana'antar Yaki ta Christian Sorensen, 2020.
Babu Ƙarin War ta Dan Kovalik, 2020.
Tsaron zamantakewa ta Jørgen Johansen da Brian Martin, 2019.
Murder Incorporated: Littafin Na Biyu: Kyautatattun Kyautataccen Amirka by Mumia Abu Jamal da Stephen Vittoria, 2018.
Masu Tafiya don Aminci: Hiroshima da Nagasaki Survivors Magana by Melinda Clarke, 2018.
Tsayar da yaki da inganta zaman lafiya: Jagora ga Ma'aikatan Lafiya Edited by William Wiist da Shelley White, 2017.
Shirin Kasuwancin Zaman Lafiya: Gina Duniya Ba tare da Yaƙi ba by Scilla Elworthy, 2017.
Yakin Ba Yayi Kawai by David Swanson, 2016.
Tsarin Tsaro na Duniya: Wani Gida don Yaƙin by World Beyond War, 2015, 2016, 2017.
Ƙarfin Kariya akan Yakin: Abin da Amurka ta rasa a Tarihin Tarihin Amurka da Abin da Za Mu Yi Yanzu by Kathy Beckwith, 2015.
Yaƙi: Wani Kisa akan Dan Adam by Roberto Vivo, 2014.
Tsarin Katolika da Zubar da Yakin da David Carroll Cochran, 2014.
War da Delusion: A Testing by Laurie Calhoun, 2013.
Shift: Da Farko na Yaƙi, Ƙarshen War by Judith Hand, 2013.
Yaƙi Ba Ƙari: Shari'ar Kashewa by David Swanson, 2013.
Ƙarshen War by John Horgan, 2012.
Tsarin zuwa Salama by Russell Faure-Brac, 2012.
Daga War zuwa Zaman Lafiya: Jagora Ga Shekaru Bayanan Kent Shifferd, 2011.
Yakin Yaqi ne by David Swanson, 2010, 2016.
Ƙarshen War: Halin Dan Adam na Aminci by Douglas Fry, 2009.
Rayuwa Bayan War by Winslow Myers, 2009.
Isasshen Shed na jini: 101 Magani ga Rikici, Ta'addanci, da Yaƙi ta Mary-Wynne Ashford tare da Guy Dauncey, 2006.
Planet Earth: Sabon Makamai na Yaki ta Rosalie Bertell, 2001.
