Ibhalwe nguRamesh Jaura, I-Pressenza
BERLIN (IDN) - "Njengoba izimpi ziqala emiqondweni yabantu, kusezingqondweni zabantu ukuthi kumele kwakhiwe izivikelo zokuthula," kusho i-Preamble. uMthethosisekelo we-UNESCO. Lokhu futhi kuyingqikithi yomlayezo ovela ku- I-World Congress enesihloko esithi 'Disarm! Ngesimo Sezulu Sokuthula - Ukudala I-Ajenda Yesenzo' kusukela ngoSepthemba 30 kuya ku-Okthoba 3, 2016 eBerlin.
UNobhala-Jikelele weZizwe Ezihlangene u-Ban Ki-moon odumile khumbula, “Umhlaba uhlome ngokweqile futhi ukuthula akuxhaswe ngemali encane”, kuzwakale kumahholo ase-Berlin's Technical University.
Inqwaba yezikhulu zamanje nezangaphambili ze-UN, abacwaningi, abamele ohulumeni, izinhlangano zomphakathi kanye nezinhlangano zezinkolo ezixube izinkolo kanye nezishoshovu zokuthula, ukuhoxiswa kwezikhali kanye nentuthuko ezivela emhlabeni wonke babambe iqhaza embuthanweni obuhlelwe yi-International Peace Bureau (IPB) ngokubambisana namaJalimane amaningana. , ezinye izinhlangano zaseYurophu nezamazwe ngamazwe.
Umongameli-kanye we-IPB u-Ingeborg Breines wabeka isisekelo lapho ememezela: “Izindleko ezidlulele kwezempi azimeleli nje ukweba kulabo abalambile nabahluphekayo, kodwa futhi kuyindlela engasebenzi yokuthola ukulondeka komuntu nesiko lokuthula.”
Ukwehliswa okukhulu kwezindleko zempi ezesabekayo ezingaphezu kwesigidi sezigidi zamaRandi aseMelika kuzoqeda ubumpofu obucindezelayo. Cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yesintu iphila ngaphansi kwezimo ezingabekezeleleki, iningi labo kungabesifazane, izingane kanye nentsha.
"Kudingeka sisuse imali emkhakheni wezempi futhi esikhundleni salokho sibhekane nezindaba zokuphepha zangempela ezinjengosongo ekusindeni kweplanethi nobuntu, kungaba ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu, izikhali zenuzi noma ukungalingani ngokweqile," kusho yena.
Wonke amazwe kumele anciphise ukusetshenziswa kwawo kwezempi ngo-10% ngonyaka phakathi neminyaka eyi-15 ye-UN Izinhloso Zokuthuthukiswa Eziqhubekayo. “Nakuba kungeke kushintshe noma yikuphi ukungalingani kwamandla, kuzohamba ibanga elide kakhulu ekuhlangabezaneni nezidingo kanye nezifiso zabantu,” wengeza.
Njengoba ukusetshenziswa kwemali konyaka owodwa kwezempi kulingana neminyaka engama-615 yesabelomali saminyaka yonke se-UN, ukuncipha okunjalo kwezindleko zempi kuzophinde kuqinise imizamo yeNhlangano Yezizwe Ezihlangene 'yokusindisa izizukulwane ezilandelayo osizini lwempi", kumemezela uBreines.
U-Federico Mayor Zaragoza, uMqondisi-Jikelele we-UNESCO kusukela ngo-1987 kuya ku-1999, unxuse ukuthi kuhoxiswe izikhali ukuze kuthuthukiswe kanye nokusuka eSikweni Lempi ukuya Esikweni Lokuthula Nokungabheki Udlame.
Wenza isicelo esinamandla sokuqinisa iZizwe Ezihlangene. Yi-UN enamalungu ayi-193 okufanele abaluleke hhayi amaqembu afana ne-G7, G8, G10, G15, G20 kanye neG24.
Njengamanje unguSihlalo we Isisekelo Sesiko Lokuthula kanye nelungu leBhodi Lokuhlonipha leIminyaka Eyishumi Yamazwe Ngamazwe Yokukhuthaza Isiko Lokuthula Nokungabheki Udlame Lwezingane Zomhlaba kanye noSihlalo Ohloniphekile we-Academie de la Paix.
"Ngokungafani nokuvinjelwa ngokuphelele kwezikhali zebhayoloji ngo-1972 kanye nezikhali zamakhemikhali ngo-1996 ukuvinjwa kwezikhali zenuzi kwakuphikiswa, futhi kusaqhubeka, kuphikiswa kanzima yizifundazwe zezikhali zenuzi," wathi U-Jayantha Dhanapala, owake waba nguNobhala-Jikelele we-UN Wezindaba Zokuhoxiswa Kwezikhali (1998-2003) kanye noMongameli wamanje weziNgqungquthela ze-Pugwash eziwine iNobel Peace Prize yeSayensi Nezindaba Zomhlaba.
Ugcizelele isidingo esiphuthumayo sokusuka ku-'placebo disarmament nuclear' uye ezweni elingenazikhali zenuzi, ikakhulukazi njengoba izikhali zenuzi ezilinganiselwa ku-15,850, ngayinye yazo eceke kakhulu ukwedlula amabhomu ase-US acekela phansi i-Hiroshima ne-Nagasaki eminyakeni engu-71 edlule. ebanjwe amazwe ayisishiyagalolunye - izinkulungwane ezine ze-hair-trigger zilungele ukwethulwa.
Wonke amazwe ayisishiyagalolunye enza izikhali zawo zibe zesimanjemanje ngezindleko ezinkulu kanti i-DPRK (North Korea), eyeqa inkambiso yomhlaba wonke ngokumelene nokuhlolwa kwezikhali zenuzi, yenze isivivinyo sayo sesihlanu nesinamandla kakhulu ngoSepthemba 9, wengeza.
Inxusa laseKazakhstan e-Large Yerbolat Sembayev, obemele uNgqongqoshe Wezangaphandle u-Erlan Idrissov, ugcizelele isidingo sokuthi amazwe asebenzisa izikhali zenuzi alandele isibonelo sezwe lase-Asia Emaphakathi futhi adedele zonke izikhali ezibhubhisayo.
Inqubomgomo yangaphandle yaseKazakhstan, egcizelela ukuthula, inkhulumomphendvulwano kanye nokubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe kuye kwaqondiswa ukuqashelwa "kokuziphatha okubi" kwezikhali zenuzi, "umbono wokuphepha", kanye "nokuqinisekisa indawo enempilo", echaza.
"Kungenxa yalokhu ukuthi iRiphabhulikhi yase-Asia Ephakathi ibihamba phambili emkhankasweni womhlaba wonke wokuqeda ukuhlolwa kwezikhali zenuzi kanye nokuxwayisa ngobungozi bezikhali zenuzi," kusho iNxusa elikhulu.
Izikhulumi eziningi zizisola ngokuthi isimo esidabukisayo (“Umhlaba uhlomile ngokweqile futhi ukuthula akuxhaswe ngemali”) esishiwo nguNobhala-Jikelele u-Ban enkulumweni yakhe yokuvula eNgqungqutheleni yamashumi ayisithupha nembili yaminyaka yonke ye-DPI/NGO ethi 'For Peace and Ukuthuthukiswa: Nciphisa Izikhali Manje!' eMexico City ngo-September 9, 2009 yayingashintshiwe.
Esikhathini sawo sokuphila I-Ajenda Yesenzo i-IPB World Congress ithi: “Okuphezulu ohlwini lwezikhungo ezidinga ukuguqulwa umnotho osekela isimiso sempi. Ukugxila kwethu okuyinhloko izinga eliphezulu lemali engenayo esetshenziselwa ukuxhasa amasosha.
“Ohulumeni bomhlaba basebenzisa imali engaphezu kwezigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-1.7 zamaRandi ngonyaka emasosheni abo, imali engaphezu kwenani eliphakeme leMpi Yomshoshaphansi. Cishe amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-100 ale ngcebo emikhulu ashwabadela izikhali zenuzi, ukukhiqizwa kwazo, ukwenziwa kwesimanjemanje kanye nokusetshenziswa kwazo kufanele kukhishwe ngezizathu zempi, zezombangazwe, zomthetho, zemvelo nezokuziphatha.
I-Action Agenda iphawula ukuthi amazwe angamalungu e-NATO anesibopho sokungaphezu kuka-70% wesamba semali engu-$1.7 trillion emhlabeni jikelele. "Ukuze bahlehlise umkhuba oyingozi abawukhuthazayo, sibanxusa ukuthi bahoxise 'i-2% ye-GDP target' futhi bamelane ngokuqinile nezingcindezi zokwandisa isabelomali sabo sezempi." I-NATO, ngokubona kwe-IPB, iyingxenye yenkinga, esikhundleni sanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwesixazululo, futhi bekufanele ivalwe ngokuhlakazwa kwe-Warsaw Pact.
I-IPB Action Agenda ikhomba ukungahloniphi umthetho: Lokhu kuwuphawu olubucayi lwezwe elinesiphithiphithi, kusho. “Lapho amabutho ahlomile eqhumisa amabhomu ezibhedlela nezikole ephindelela futhi ehlasela izakhamuzi; lapho izwe elithile lihlasela elinye futhi umbuzo wokuba semthethweni kwalo ungaphawulwa nakancane; lapho izibopho zesikhathi eside zokuhoxiswa kwezikhali zinganakwa; lapho amahhovisi amahle e-UN kanye nezinye izinhlaka zikahulumeni zibekwe eceleni zivuna imidlalo yamandla amakhulu - lapho-ke kumele kuthathwe izinyathelo zezakhamizi ngokushesha.”
I-Ajenda ibiza umsebenzi ohloniphekile ukuze kwaneliswe izidingo zobuntu: ukuyisa imali emnothweni osimeme osimeme ngaphandle kokucutshungulwa kwemodeli yokukhula ehamba phambili. Umnotho onjalo awuhambisani nokusetshenziswa kwemali okukhulu kwezempi, kuyaphikisana.
“Ukucekela phansi umnotho kudinga intando yeningi, ukuvuleleka nokubamba iqhaza. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukwenza ukusebenza kube nombono wobulili, kokubili ohlelweni lwezempi, kanye nezindlela zokwenza ukuthula nentuthuko ezikhuthazwayo ukuze zithathelwe indawo.”
Umkhankaso Womhlaba Wonke Wokusetshenziswa Kwezempi Kwezempi ungaphezu nje kokuncishiswa kwesabelomali sezempi, kusho i-Ajenda. Futhi: ukuguqulelwa emnothweni ogxile emphakathini; ukuphela kocwaningo lwezempi; ukuthuthukiswa kwezobuchwepheshe ukuze kukhuthazwe ukuthula; ukudala amathuba okusebenzisa izixazululo zobuntu kanye nokusimama ngokujwayelekile; ukuthuthukiswa ukubambisana nokuvimbela kanye nokuxazulula izingxabano ezinodlame; kanye nokwehliswa kwezingqondo. [IDN-InDepthNews – 03 October 2016]
