By Umkhankaso Wezwe Lomhlaba Wokuthula, Julayi 26, i-2020
Kufakwe no-Betty Reardon, u-Kozue Akibayashi, u-Asha Hans, no-Mavic Cabrera Ballleza.
Umbuki zindwendwe ngu-Tony Jenkins.
Kushicilelwe: Juni 25, 2020
Isikhathi Sephaneli
Unyaka wezi-2020 uyisikhumbuzo seminyaka eminingi yezimpawu eziyingqopha-mlando emkhayeni wesintu wokulwela ukuthola ukuthula okusimeme nokuthula emhlabeni wethu owabiwe futhi ontengantengayo. Okuhlanganisa zonke lezo zimpawu eziyingqophamlando isikhumbuzo seminyaka engu-75 kwasungulwa iNhlangano Yezizwe Ezihlangene, inhlangano yomhlaba wonke emahholo ayo embule ipolitiki eningi eyakhiqiza izehlakalo ezimbalwa esizigubhayo kulo nyaka. Okubaluleke nakakhulu, enhlanganweni kanye nasemphakathini womhlaba okuhloswe ukuthi uwusebenze, ukwanda kwamanje kwezinhlangano zezakhamizi zokufeza izinhloso eziningi ezenziwa amazwe angamalungu esivumelwaneni sabo ne I-UN Charter. Unyaka umakwe ngepolitiki yenhlangano yomphakathi yomhlaba wonke egqugquzelwe futhi edlangile, lapho okunethuba elingcono kakhulu lomhlaba lokusinda nokuchuma.
I-Global Civil Society eqinisekisiwe
Njengabahlanganyeli enhlanganweni yomhlaba wonke yomphakathi wokufundisa ukuthula, i-Global Campaign for Peace Education ihlose ukuthi ividiyo efakwe lapha ibukwe ngaphakathi komongo wale mizamo eqhubekayo yezakhamizi zomhlaba wonke yokuqinisa amandla enhlangano ukuqeda “isishayo sempi” kanye “ukuthuthukisa inqubekelaphambili yomphakathi kanye namazinga angcono empilo enkululekweni enkulu” (Isethulo soMqulu Wenhlangano Yezizwe Ezihlangene). Kusukela ekusungulweni, izinhlangano zomphakathi ziye zafuna ukuqinisekisa ukumelwa kwezithakazelo "zabantu beZizwe Ezihlangene" abamemezele lo mthethosisekelo. Ukuhlonza izingqinamba nezinkinga njengoba zazibonakala ezimpilweni zansuku zonke zemiphakathi yazo, izinhlangano zabantu zakha izinkinga ngokwezinsongo ezizibekayo enqubekelaphambili yomphakathi kanye nenkululeko enkulu. Ngokufundisa kwabo nokunxenxa labo ababemele amazwe angamalungu, baba nomthelela ezinqumweni eziningi ezibalulekile zamakomiti nemikhandlu ye-UN, okubaluleke kakhulu phakathi kwazo lezo ezihlobene nelungelo labesifazane lokubamba iqhaza kwezombusazwe nokubamba iqhaza kwabesifazane kwezombusazwe zokuthula.
Izindima Zabahleli Emkhankasweni Wokuthula Kwabesifazane
Le vidiyo, iphaneli enamalungu amane (bheka i-bios ngezansi), ingeyokuqala ochungechungeni oluthathe isonto lonke olukhuluma ngabesifazane, ukuthula nokuvikeleka. Lolu chungechunge luwukubheka amanye amagxathu phakathi neminyaka engama-75 ye-UN ekufezekisweni “kwamalungelo alinganayo amadoda nabesifazane nezizwe ezinkulu nezincane,” (Isendlalelo) inhloso, ikakhulukazi eyamukelwa abesifazane nalokho osekubhekiselwe kukho. “njengeNingizimu Yomhlaba Wonke,” njengesisekelo sokuthula okunobulungisa. Ukugxila okukhulu kwaleli phaneli kuvuliwe I-United Nations Security Council Resolution 1325 on Women, Peace and Security njengendlela yokuthuthukisa ukuphepha kwabantu. Amaphaneli agcizelela ngokukhethekile emizamweni eyahlukene yezinhlangano zomphakathi ukuze kufezeke izinhloso zesinqumo mayelana nokufezwa kokuthula ngokunikwa amandla kwezombusazwe kwabesifazane ukuze kufezeke ngokugcwele. Le mizamo yezinhlangano zomphakathi ivamise ukuvinjelwa yiwona kanye amazwe angamalungu amukele lesi sinqumo ngesimemezelo ngo-Okthoba 30, 2000. Nakuba imibuso eminingi yamukele iNational Plans of Action (NAPs) ukufeza lesi sinqumo, ambalwa axhaswayo, futhi, ingxenye enkulu, ukuzibandakanya ngokugcwele kwabesifazane ezindabeni zokuphepha kusekuncane, njengoba emhlabeni wonke, amantombazane nabesifazane baqhubeka nokuhlupheka nsuku zonke ngenxa yempi yezikhali kanye nodlame locansi.
Ngesikhathi se-15th isikhumbuzo se-UNSCR 1325, lapho kubhekene nokuphikiswa kombuso, ukuqhubeka nokushiywa ngaphandle kwabesifazane ngokwezombangazwe kanye nobufakazi bokuhlupheka okuqhubekayo kwabesifazane ezingxabanweni zezikhali, amalungu amabili ephaneli (uHans noReardon) ahlongoze ukubhalwa nokusetshenziswa kwe-Peoples' Plans of Action. okuhloswe ngayo ukufaka ulwazi lwabesifazane lokuphila lokuntula ukuphepha kwabantu ekwakhiweni kweziphakamiso bona ngokwabo abangazenza maqondana nokuphepha kwemiphakathi yabo ngaphandle kokwenza okuthile kuhulumeni. Abathathu bamaphaneli (u-Akibayashi, u-Hans, kanye no-Reardon) nabo babambe iqhaza ekwakhiweni kohlaka lokuvikela abantu besifazane okukhulunywa ngalo engxoxweni. Ilungu lesine lephaneli, (uCabrera-Balleza) lisungule futhi liqondise umzamo womphakathi wamazwe omhlaba osebenzayo futhi osebenzayo wokunikeza amandla abesifazane kuzo zonke izindaba zokuthula nokuvikeleka, ukuze liyasiqinisekisa ukuqaliswa kwama-NAP.
Umkhankaso Womhlaba Wonke Wezemfundo Yokuthula uthemba ukuthi leli phaneli lizovula ukucatshangelwa okwengeziwe ngezindlela abantu ngabanye kanye nomphakathi ongafaka ngazo isandla emgomweni wokugcina wokuthula okusimeme, okuzuzwe futhi kulondolozwe ngokubamba iqhaza okugcwele nokulinganayo kwabesifazane.
Ividiyo Njengethuluzi Lokufundisa
Kunconywa ukuthi abafundi abenza lolu cwaningo bafunde umbhalo we-United Nations Security Council Resolution 1325. Uma ukucutshungulwa okwengeziwe kwesinqumo kungaba nentshisekelo, siphakamisa ukuthi izinto ezitholakalayo ezivela ku I-Global Network of Women Peacebuilders. Uma kwenziwa ucwaningo olunzulu kakhulu kungase kuhilele ukubuyekezwa kwezinqumo ezalandela ezihlobene no-1325.
Ukuchaza Ukuvikeleka Kwabantu
Abafundisi bokuthula abasebenzisa le vidiyo njengophenyo ezindabeni eziphathelene nabesifazane, ukuthula nokuvikeleka bangase baqhubekisele phambili ingxoxo ecacisayo ngokukhuthaza abafundi ukuba bazenzele ezabo izincazelo zokuvikeleka kwabantu, baklame izingxenye zayo ezibalulekile, futhi babonise ukuthi lezo zingxenye zizothinteka kanjani ngobulili. .
Ukunikeza Abesifazane Amandla Okwenza Ukuthula Nokuvikeleka
Incazelo enjalo kanye nokubuyekezwa kwezinto zobulili kungase kusetshenziswe njengesisekelo sengxoxo ngalokho izakhamuzi okufanele zikulindele emazweni angamalungu e-UN mayelana nokushaywa komthetho we-1325 kanye nokuqinisekisa ukubamba iqhaza okulinganayo kwabesifazane. Ukucatshangelwa kokubamba iqhaza kwabesifazane akufanele kuhilele, hhayi kuphela ukuxazulula izingxabano, kodwa futhi ikakhulukazi, ukuchaza lokho okuhlanganisa “ukuphepha kwezwe,” ukubuza ngobuhlobo bakho nokuvikeleka kwabantu, nokuthi ohulumeni babo bangafundiswa kanjani futhi bagqugquzelwe ukuba bathathe izinyathelo zokuqinisekisa ngempumelelo kakhudlwana abantu. ezokuphepha. Ukucatshangelwa okunjalo kufanele, futhi, kubhekane nokubandakanya abesifazane kukho konke ukwenziwa kwenqubomgomo yezokuphepha kazwelonke neyamazwe ngamazwe. Lezi zidingo zokufakwa zingafinyelelwa kanjani?
Ukwakha imodeli ye-NAP
Njengoba le ngxoxo njengesendlalelo, imodeli ingase yakhelwe lokho iqembu lokufunda elingakubheka njengezinhloso ezidingekayo kanye nezingxenye ezibalulekile zoHlelo Lokusebenza Lukazwelonke olusebenzayo nolufanele (NAP) ukuze kugcwaliseke izinhlinzeko ze-UNSCR 1325 esizweni salo. Iziphakamiso zokuqalisa zingabandakanya iziphakamiso zokudluliselwa kwezindleko zezikhali zamanje ukuze kugcwaliseke izinhlinzeko zohlaka lwabafundi lwe-NAP. Faka futhi iziphakamiso zokuthi izikhungo zikahulumeni zithweswe amacala ngokwenza izinhlelo kanye nenhlangano yomphakathi engakwazi ukwenza lula ukushaywa komthetho. Ucwaningo olunemininingwane eminingi lungabandakanya ukubuyekezwa kokuqukethwe kanye nesimo sama-NAP akhona. (I-Global Network of Women Peacebuilders izosiza kulokhu.)
Izikhulumi Bios
Shwi noMtekhala A. Reardon, UnguMqondisi Oyisisekelo Ophumayo we-International Institute on Peace Education. Waziwa emhlabeni wonke njengengqalabutho ezindabeni zobulili nokuthula nokuthula nokufunda. Ungumbhali we: "Sexism and the War System" kanye nomhleli/umbhali no-Asha Hans we "The Gender Imperative."
“Mavic” Cabrera Ballleza ungumsunguli kanye ne-CEO yeGlobal Network of Women Peacebuilders. U-Mavic uqale inqubo Yohlelo Lwezenzo Lukazwelonke lwase-Philippines ku-Security Council Resolution 1325 futhi waphinde wasebenza njengomeluleki wamazwe ngamazwe woHlelo Lokusebenza Lukazwelonke lwase-Nepal. Uphinde wahlinzeka ngosizo lwezobuchwepheshe ekuhleleni izenzo kuzwelonke eziyi-1325 eGuatemala, eJapan naseSouth Sudan. Yena kanye nozakwabo baye baphayona Uhlelo Lwendawo ye-UNSCR 1325 kanye ne-1820 oluthathwa njengesibonelo esihle kakhulu futhi manje selusetshenziswa emazweni ayi-15.
Asha Hans, owayenguSolwazi Wesayensi Yezombangazwe Nezifundo Zobulili e-Utkal University eNdiya. Uphinde abe ngumsunguli we-Shanta Memorial Rehabilitation Centre (SMRC), inhlangano yokuzithandela ehamba phambili e-India esebenza ngezindaba zobulili nokukhubazeka emazingeni kazwelonke nawamazwe ngamazwe. Ungumbhali kanye nomhleli wezincwadi ezimbili zakamuva, “Openings for Peace: UNSCR 1325, Women and Security in India” kanye “The Gender Imperative: Human Security vs State Security,” azihlele ngokubambisana noBetty Reardon.
Kozue Akibayashi ungumcwaningi wokuthula olwela amalungelo abantu besifazane, uthisha kanye nesishoshovu saseJapan lapho enguprofesa eSikoleni Seziqu Seziqu Zomhlaba Wonke eDoshisha University eKyoto. Ucwaningo lwakhe lugxile ezindabeni zodlame lwezocansi olwenziwa amasosha emiphakathini yaphesheya kwezilwandle, ukuchithwa kwezempi nokuhoxiswa, kanye nokuqedwa kwamakholoni. UbenguMongameli Wamazwe Ngamazwe we-WILPF phakathi kuka-2015 no-2018, ekhonza eKomidini Eliqondisayo le-Women Cross DMZ, futhi ungumxhumanisi wezwe waseJapan ku-International Women's Network Against Militarism.
Tony Jenkins PhD njengamanje ungumfundisi wesikhathi esigcwele ezifundweni zezobulungiswa nokuthula eYunivesithi yaseGeorgetown. Kusukela ngo-2001 usebenze njengoMqondisi Ophethe we- I-International Institute on Peace Education (IIPE) futhi kusukela ngo-2007 njengoMxhumanisi Womkhankaso Womhlaba Wonke Wezemfundo Yokuthula (GCPE). Ngokomsebenzi, ubelokhu: Umqondisi Wezemfundo, World BEYOND War (2016-2019); Umqondisi, I-Peace Education Initiative e-University of Toledo (2014-16); IPhini likaMongameli Wezindaba Zezemfundo, i-National Peace Academy (2009-2014); kanye no-Co-Director, i-Peace Education Centre, Teachers College Columbia University (2001-2010).
