NguDaniel Ellsberg, Amaphupho ajwayelekile, Januwari 9, 2021
Ngizohlala ngizisola ngokuthi angizange ngenze okuningi ukumisa impi neVietnam. Manje, ngicela abamemezeli bezimpi ukuba basukume badalule izinhlelo zikaTrump
Ukugqugquzela kukaMengameli uTrump udlame lwamaviyo ezigebengu kanye nokuhlala kweCapitol kucacisa ngokusobala ukuthi akukho mkhawulo noma ngabe yini ekusetshenzisweni kabi kwamandla okungenzeka akwenze emasontweni amabili azayo esesikhundleni. Kubi njengoba ukusebenza kwakhe ngomlilo bekungolwesithathu, nginovalo lokuthi angabhebhethekisa okuthile okuyingozi kakhulu ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezizayo: impi yakhe abekade eyifisa Iran.
Kungenzeka yini ukuthi abe yinkohliso kangako aze acabange ukuthi impi enjalo ingazuzela isizwe noma isifunda noma izintshisekelo zakhe zesikhashana nje? Ukuziphatha kwakhe nesimo somqondo wakhe obonakalayo kuleli sonto nasezinyangeni ezimbili ezedlule uyawuphendula lowo mbuzo.
Nginxusa ukushaya impempe ngesibindi namuhla, kuleli sonto, hhayi izinyanga noma iminyaka kusukela manje, ngemuva kokuthi amabhomu aseqalile ukuwa. Kungaba isenzo sokushisekela izwe kakhulu impilo yonke.
Ukuthunyelwa kuleli sonto kohambo olungapheli lwe-B-52 ukusuka eNyakatho Dakota kuya ogwini lwase-Iranian - indiza yesine enjalo emasontweni ayisikhombisa, eyodwa ekupheleni konyaka - kanye nokwakha kwakhe amabutho ase-US kule ndawo, kuyisixwayiso hhayi kuphela e-Iran kepha nakithi.
Maphakathi noNovemba, njengoba lezi zindiza ziqala, umongameli kudingeke ukuthi avinjelwe emazingeni aphakeme kakhulu ekuqondiseni ukuhlaselwa okungavunyelwe kwezikhungo zenuzi zase-Iran. Kodwa ukuhlaselwa "okucasulwe" yi-Iran (noma ngamasosha ase-Iraq ahambisana ne-Iran) akuzange kunqatshelwe.
Izinhlangano zamasosha nezobunhloli zaseMelika kaningi, njengaseVietnam nase-Iraq, zinikeza omongameli imininingwane engamanga enikeza izaba zokuhlasela izitha zethu esizibonayo. Noma baphakamise izenzo ezicashile ezingashukumisa abaphikisi empendulweni ethile evumela “impindiselo” yase-US.
Ukubulawa kukaMohsen Fakhrizadeh, usosayensi omkhulu wenuzi wase-Iran, ngoNovemba kungenzeka ukuthi kwakuhloselwe ukucasula kangaka. Uma kunjalo, sehlulekile kuze kube manje, njengoba kwenzeka nse nokubulawa kukaJenene Suleimani ngonyaka owedlule.
Kepha isikhathi manje sesisifushane ukwenza ukushintshana ngezenzo ezinobudlova nokuphendula okuzosebenza ukuvimba ukuqala kabusha kwesivumelwano senuzi se-Iran ngabaphathi abangenayo beBiden: inhloso evelele hhayi kuphela Donald Trump kodwa kwababambisene naye abasizile ukuhlanganisa ezinyangeni ezedlule, i-Israel, iSaudi Arabia ne-UAE.
Ngokusobala kungathatha ukubulala okungaphezu komuntu ngamunye ukwenza i-Iran ifake engcupheni izimpendulo eziqinisekisa ukuhlaselwa okukhulu kwezindiza ngaphambi kokuthi uTrump ashiye isikhundla. Kepha abasebenzi baseMelika nabasebenza ngokuhlela ngasese bakulo msebenzi wokuzama ukuhlangabezana naleyo nselelo, ngesikhathi.
Ngangibambe iqhaza-ngibheka ukuhlela okunjalo ngokwami, maqondana neVietnam engxenyeni eyikhulu edlule. Ngo-3 Septhemba 1964 - ngemuva kwenyanga nje ngibe umsizi okhethekile kumsizi kanobhala wezokuvikela ezindabeni zokuphepha zamazwe omhlaba, uJohn T McNaughton - kwaqhamuka imemo etafuleni lami ePentagon elibhalwe ngumqashi wami. Ubencoma izenzo "okungenzeka ukuthi kwesinye isikhathi zinikeze impendulo yamasosha e-DRV [eNyakatho neVietnam]… okungenzeka ukuthi inikeze izizathu ezinhle zokuthi sikhuphuke uma sifisa".
Izenzo ezinjalo "ezingajwayela ukwenziwa ngamabomu ukucasula ukusabela kwe-DRV" (sic), njengoba kuchazwe ezinsukwini ezinhlanu kamuva ngumlingani kaMcNaughton emnyangweni wezwe, umsizi kanobhala wezwe uWilliam Bundy, angahle afake "ukugadwa kwamasosha asolwandle aseMelika ngokuya esondela eduze Ugu lwaseNyakatho yeVietnam ”- okusho ukuthi ukubenza basebenzise amanzi asogwini amamayela ayi-12 iNyakatho yeVietnam yathi: eduze nolwandle lapho kudingeka khona, ukuthola impendulo engavumela lokho uMcNaughton akubize ngokuthi“ ukukhama okugcwele eNyakatho neVietnam [okuqhubekayo wonke umkhankaso wokuqhuma kwamabhomu] ", obekuzolandela" ikakhulukazi uma umkhumbi wase-US ubucwile ".
Angikungabazi nakancane ukuthi ukuhlela okunjalo kwezimo eziphuthumayo, okuqondiswe yiHhovisi le-Oval, lokucasula, uma kunesidingo, izaba zokuhlasela i-Iran ngenkathi lokhu kusaphethe kusasebenza njengamanje, ezisefweni nakumakhompyutha ePentagon, e-CIA naseWhite House . Lokho kusho ukuthi kunezikhulu kulawo ma-ejensi - mhlawumbe eyodwa ehleli etafuleni lami elidala ePentagon - abone ezikrinini zabo eziphephile zamakhompiyutha izincomo ezihlukaniswe kahle njengamamemo kaMcNaughton neBundy afika etafuleni lami ngoSepthemba 1964.
Ngiyazisola ngokuthi angikopisanga futhi angidlulisanga lawo memos ekomitini lobudlelwano bamanye amazwe ngo-1964, kunangeminyaka emihlanu kamuva.
Ngizohlala ngizisola ngokuthi angizange ngikopishe futhi ngidlulise lawo ma-memos - kanye namanye amafayela amaningi esisefweni esiyimfihlo esehhovisi lami ngaleso sikhathi, konke kunikeza amanga kumkhankaso wamanga womkhankaso kuthembisa ukuwa okufanayo okuthi “asifuni impi ebanzi ”- ekomitini lobudlelwano bamazwe angaphandle leSenator Fulbright ngoSepthemba 1964 kunokuba kube seminyakeni emihlanu kamuva ngo-1969, noma kwabezindaba ngo-1971. Impilo ebingase isindiswe.
Imibhalo yamanje noma amafayili edijithali acabanga ukucasula noma "ukuziphindiselela" ezenzweni zase-Iranian ezicasulwe yithi akufanele ihlale iyimfihlo komunye umzuzu ovela kwi-US Congress nasemphakathini waseMelika, hleze sinikezwe inhlekelele enza accompli ngaphambi kukaJanuwari 20, ukugqugquzela impi engaba yimbi kakhulu kuneVietnam kanye nazo zonke izimpi zaseMpumalanga Ephakathi zihlangene. Akukwephuzile kakhulu ukuthi izinhlelo ezinje zenziwe yilowo mongameli ophambene ingqondo noma umphakathi onolwazi neCongress ukuthi umvimbe ekwenzeni lokho.
Nginxusa ukushaya impempe ngesibindi namuhla, kuleli sonto, hhayi izinyanga noma iminyaka kusukela manje, ngemuva kokuthi amabhomu aseqalile ukuwa. Kungaba isenzo sokushisekela izwe kakhulu impilo yonke.
