Kungani uMnyango Wakho Wamaphoyisa Endawo Uhlome Amazinyo. Futhi Ongakwenza Ngayo.

NguTaylor O'Connor | www.everydaypeacebuild.com

 

“Lokho okwethulwa yikhulu leminyaka lamashumi amabili kuye kwembula ukuthi umnotho (i-US) usungene futhi wahlanganiswa ezinhlelweni ezinkulu kakhulu, ezempi sezikhulisiwe futhi zanquma ukwakheka kwaso sonke isimo sezomnotho; futhi ngaphezu kwalokho ezomnotho nezomkhosi sezihlangene ngesakhiwo futhi zihlangana kakhulu, njengoba umnotho usuphenduke umnotho wezempi obonakala unomphela; futhi amasosha nezinqubomgomo kuye kwangena kakhulu emnothweni wenhlangano. ” - UC. ​​Wright Mills (kuPower Elite, 1956)

Ngabhala le ndatshana ngesimo sase-United States. Izindikimba ezimboziwe nezenzo zokugcina ekugcineni zingasetshenziswa kabanzi kwenye indawo.

Ngikubheke ngabomvu ukusabela kwamaphoyisa okusheshayo nokuvame ukuba nesihluku emibhikishweni enokuthula ethukuthele izwe ngemuva kokubulawa kukaGeorge Floyd ngamaphoyisa aseMinneapolis.

Amavidiyo amaningi izimpendulo zamaphoyisa ezinodlame kubabhikishi abanokuthula asondele ku-Twitter lokho izishoshovu zidale amaspredishithi asesidlangalaleni online ukuyilandelela yonke, ingena amavidiyo angaphezu kwama-500 esikhathini esingaphansi kwamasonto amathathu !!! Udlame lukhona futhi luyaqhubeka kusakazeka kakhulu, i-Amnesty International yangenela, kuphenya izehlakalo ezikhethiwe eziyi-125 ezweni lonke ukugcizelela eminye imvelo ejulile, ehlelekile yodlame lwamaphoyisa eMelika.

Kepha ngale kodlame uqobo lwalo, bekungumbukiso wamaphoyisa amabutho amabi ayetelekile. Uma ubhikisha ngokuthula ukuletha udlame lwamaphoyisa ehlelweni lomnyango wakho, futhi umnyango wakho wamaphoyisa ubonakala ubukeka sengathi usezokwethula ihlazo elikhulu kuFallujah, kukhona okungahambi kahle.

Futhi lapho amaphoyisa ehlasela ababhikishi abanokuthula ngasikhathi sinye, amasonto amaningi ephela emadolobheni namadolobhana esizweni sonke, akunasizathu sokuphikisana ngokuthi 'ngama-apula' ambalwa nje. Ukuthi besilokhu senza izimpi zethu zamasosha ezweni lonke amashumi eminyaka kwenze udlame lwamaphoyisa lubhebhetheke.

Ingcweti yomnyango wamaphoyisa wangakini, nge-Pentagon

Njengokungathi izigqoko zokuvikela izigqoko, izikhali zomzimba, 'izikhali ezibulalayo,' kanye nomamaski bezinganele, sibona amayunithi egadwe umthetho wezimoto ezihlomile namaphoyisa alungele ukushaya izibhamu. Vele, konke lokhu kuqhubeka ngenkathi odokotela nabahlengikazi emgqeni ongaphambili wesifo se-COVID-19 bebelokhu bezisonga ngezikhwama zodoti ngoba amagiya okuvikela abawadinga kakhulu ayemfushane.

 

Bheka i-robocop lapha. Uyena muntu abathume ukuthi basikholise sonke ukuthi udlame lwamaphoyisa aluyona inkinga. Konke kuhamba kahle. Silapha nje ukukugcina uphephile. Manje wonke umuntu ubuyela ekhaya ayokwenza ibhizinisi lakho elijwayelekile ngaphambi kokuthi ngitshale enye yalezi zinto 'ezingenabungozi' ebusweni bakho. " Angiqiniseki.

Kepha lena akuyona inkinga entsha. Sikubonile lokhu phambilini. Uyamkhumbula uFerguson?

Sekuyiminyaka ecishe ibe yisithupha okokufika kwamaphoyisa endawo ehambisa imigwaqo yaseFerguson ezimotweni ezithwele kanzima, kanti lapho izikhulu eziphethe izembatho zempi nezempi zasesitokisini zigasele emigwaqweni zihlasela ababhikishi bezitha ngezibhamu ezizenzakalelayo.

Kungenzeka ucabange ukuthi le ndaba yadingidwa ngaleso sikhathi, kodwa eqinisweni, abameli bezomthetho bendawo ezweni lonke bahlaselwa ngamasosha kakhulu kunangesikhathi sikaFerguson.

Futhi ngenkathi umkhankaso wokubuyisa imali yamaphoyisa ube wusizo ekuqaliseni ingxoxo futhi kungaholela emiphumeleni ethile ebonakalayo, lokhu kukodwa ngeke kusisuse emaphoyiseni asezingeni eliphezulu. Uyabona, iminyango yamaphoyisa endawo ayidingi ukukhokhela imishini yezempi enayo. IPentagon iyakunakekela lokho. Konke lokho okokusebenza okukhulu kwezempi okwenziwe futhi kwasetshenziselwa imikhankaso emikhulu yokulwa nokubandakanyeka phesheya kuye kwathola ikhaya elijabulisayo emnyangweni wamaphoyisa wangakini.

Uma ufuna ukubona ukuthi yiziphi izimoto zamasosha, izikhali, nokunye okokusebenza umnyango wakho wamaphoyisa wasendaweni ekuqoqweni kwawo, lolu lwazi luyadingeka ngomthetho ukuthi lutholakale emphakathini. Ivuselelwa ngekota, futhi ungayibheka uhlu oluhlanganisiwe LAPHA, noma thola idatha eluhlaza LAPHA.

Ngabheka umnyango wamaphoyisa edolobhaneni lakithi nomnyango wesherifu ohlanganisa leli dolobhana lakithi. Futhi-ke, ngiyazibuza ukuthi kazi yini ngempela leFu * k abayenzayo ngezibhamu ezingaphezu kuka-600 zokuhlasela amasosha, izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokuhlaselwa amaloli, nezindiza ezinophephela emhlane eziningi. Futhi, vele, bane-bayonets, iziqhumane zebhomu, izibhamu ze-sniper, nazo zonke izinhlobo zezinye izikhali ezilungele impi. Futhi yini 'ukulwa / ukushaya / imoto enamasondo enamaqhinga'? Sineyodwa kulokhu. Futhi, izindiza ezimbili zamaloli. Ngakho-ke ngokwemvelo, ngiyazibuza ukuthi hlobo luni lwezikhali abazibekelele ezimotweni zabo ezinama armored.

Akukho ndawo esizweni lapho kufanele ukuthi amaphoyisa endawo abe nezawo, ukusetshenziswa okungaphansi, okokusebenza kwempi okwenzelwe inkundla yezempi. Akumangalisi ukuthi ukubulawa kwezakhamuzi ezingenacala ngamaphoyisa aseMelika lidlula kude lelo elinye izwe elithuthukile. Ukuthola ukuthi umuntu angaqhubeka kanjani nokuthatha yonke le giya lamasosha kude nabo, kwadingeka ngenze ucwaningo ngokuthi amaphoyisa endawo (nosherifu) bawubeka kanjani izandla zabo bonke lo msebenzi ekuqaleni.

Iminyango yamaphoyisa endawo ithola kanjani imishini yempi

Ngaphansi kwe-auspices ye-'empi Yezidakamizwa, 'ngawo-1990s, uMnyango Wezokuvikela waqala ukuhlinzeka ngezikhali zamasosha ngokweqile, izimoto, namagiya emaphoyiseni endawo kanye naseminyangweni yezisebenzi ezweni lonke. Ngenkathi abameli bezomthetho bengathola imishini yamahhala yezempi ezinhlelweni eziningi zikahulumeni wobumbano, iningi lokhu kwenzeka ngeHlelo likahulumeni le-1033.

The I-ejensi Yezokuvikela Yezokuvikela (i-DLA) obhekele lolu hlelo luchaza umsebenzi wayo njengokuthi 'ukulahlwa kwempahla engasasebenzi / ebingasatholakali esetshenziswe ngamasosha aseMelika emhlabeni jikelele.' Ngakho-ke, ngokuyisisekelo, sikhiqiza amagiya amabutho amaningi ngokweqile kangangokuba besikulayisha eminyangweni yethu yamaphoyisa endawo kusukela ngeminyaka yama-90s. Futhi inani lokudluliselwa lenyuka kakhulu kulandela u-9/11 njengoba i- 'War on Terror' yaba ngumnyango omusha wamaphoyisa othatha izikhali zempi.

Ngakho-ke kusukela ngoJuni 2020, kukhona babalelwa ku-8,200 abasebenza kuhulumeni, izwe nabezomthetho bendawo abavela ezifundeni ezingama-49 kanye nezindawo ezine zase-US ezibambe iqhaza kulolu hlelo. Futhi ngokusho kwe-DLA, kuze kube manje, cishe ama- $ 7.4 billion wemishini yezempi namagiya adluliselwe kwabezomthetho ezweni lonke selokhu kwaqala lolu hlelo. Futhi, lokho kuyizibhamu ezihlaselayo, iziqhumane zebhomu, izimoto ezihlomile / ezihlomile nezindiza, ama-drones, izikhali zomzimba nokunye. Yonke imishini imahhala. Iminyango yamaphoyisa endawo idinga ukukhokhelwa kuphela ukulethwa nokugcinwa, futhi kunokubhekwa okuncane ukuthi isebenzisa kanjani amathoyizi eyamukelayo.

Engxabanweni evela eFerguson, umongameli-ke u-Obama wabeka imikhawulo ethile ezimotweni ezihlomile nezindiza, iziqhumane zamabhomu, nezinye izinhlobo zezikhali ongazibona enkundleni yempi. Ngenkathi amagiya anjalo eyisiqalo nje seqhwa, le mikhawulo yabuye yachithwa Umyalo wokuphatha kaMongameli uTrump, nobubanzi bemishini etholakalayo yandiswa.

Amaphoyisa endawo asebenzisa kanjani imishini yezitayela zempi

Izikhali zamasosha nemishini edluliselwe emaphoyiseni endawo naseminyangweni yezinsizakusebenza ezweni lonke ngokuyinhloko (yize kungenjalo kuphela) esetshenziswa amaqembu akhethekile we-Weapons and Tactics (ie, amaqembu e-SWAT). Amaqembu e-SWAT adalelwe ukuphendula abathumbi, abacibishelayo abasebenzayo, kanye nezinye 'izimo eziphuthumayo,' kodwa empeleni iningi labo lifakwa emisebenzini yobuphoyisa ejwayelekile.

A Umbiko ka-2014 yi-ACLU kutholakale ukuthi amaqembu e-SWAT ayevame ukuthunyelwa - ngokungadingekile nangolaka - ukwenza izinqumo zokusesha ophenyweni olusezingeni eliphansi lwezidakamizwa. Ukuhlaziya ukuthunyelwa okungaphezulu kuka-800 kwe-SWAT okwenziwa yizinhlangano zomthetho ezingama-20, ama-7% kuphela okufakwa “ezethunjweni, ekuvinjelweni, noma ezimweni ezihlaselayo” (okusho, inhloso ebekiwe yamaqembu we-SWAT, kanye nokuzithethelela kwabo kuphela ngokuba nemishini ebangeni lezempi. ).

Ngakho-ke njengoba iminyango yamaphoyisa ijwayele ukusebenzisa amathimba e-SWAT wonke egcotshwe ngamagiya amabutho nganoma imuphi umsebenzi ongahleliwe noma ongadingekile odingekayo, awanazo izitha zokuwaqhoqhobala imali ngokuwakhombisa lapho kuqhubeka umbhikisho namhlanje. Bheka laba bafana abaphoqelela isikhathi sokufika ekhaya kwababhikishi eCharleston County, eSouth Carolina.

 

Umbiko we-ACLU uchaza ukuthi indlela yokuhlasela kwe-SWAT ngokwayo iyizigameko zodlame ngokweqile eziqhutshwa ngamaphoyisa angama-20 noma ngaphezulu ahlome ngezibhamu zokuhlasela esondela ekhaya ebumnyameni ebusuku. Bajwayele ukufaka imishini yokuqhuma, bachitha iminyango baphule amafasitela, bavele bangene ngezibhamu zidwebe futhi zikhiywe ngamatshe okuhloswe ukukhala ngabantu ngaphakathi ukuze bangene phansi.

Iqinisa ulwazi olujwayelekile mayelana nokubandlulula ngokwebala okuhleliwe emaphoyiseni, i-ACLU ithole ukuthi ukuhlaselwa okunjalo ikakhulukazi kuhlasela abantu ngemibala nokuthi ukungafani ngokweqile kobuzwe kuvame ukubonakala ngendlela amaqembu e-SWAT asetshenziswa ngayo ngamaphoyisa endawo ezweni lonke. Akuthathi usosayensi wez roketi ukuthi aqonde ukuthi lapho amaphoyisa egxothwa zonke izinhlobo zempi ezilungele izikhali futhi esebenzisa amaqhinga wokuphaka amasosha, izingozi ziphezulu.

Isibonelo sakamuva, umuntu udinga ukubheka kuphela ukufa okungalungile kukaBrionna Taylor. Amaphoyisa aseLouisville afake imijikelezo engaphezu kuka-20 efulethini likaTaylor ngenkathi ekhipha incwadi egunyaza ukuthi 'angangqongqozi' (endlini engafanele) ngamacala amancane ezidakamizwa. UMnyango Wamaphoyisa aseLouisville Metro usuthole izimoto ezibhekele ezempi nezibiza ezingaphezu kuka- $ 800,000 selokhu kwaqala uHlelo luka-1033.

Ungawenza kanjani umthetho wobuphoyisa emphakathini wakho, nakuzwelonke

Manje usuyazi ukuthi yiziphi izikhali umnyango wethu wamaphoyisa wendawo onazo ekulweni kwawo. Uyazi ukuthi bakwenza kanjani. Kuthiwani ngokuzisusa kubo?

Ngezansi kunezinyathelo ezithile ezisebenzayo ongazithatha ukwenza amaphoyisa abe muncu emphakathini wakho noma ezweni lonke.

1. Ummeli Wenqubomgomo Yezwe, yedolobha, noma yendawo ukwenza amaphoyisa enze idolobha lakho noma idolobha lakho.

Ngenkathi uHlelo lwe-1033 nezinye izinhlelo ezifanayo zizo zonke izinhlelo zenhlangano, kungenzeka ukuthi umbuso wakho, owesifunda, wedolobha, noma weziphathimandla zasekhaya ubeke imingcele kulokho iminyango yamaphoyisa yasendaweni enayo nokuthi isebenzisa kanjani. Impela, izicelo zokudluliselwa kwemishini ezivela emnyangweni wamaphoyisa wangakini kumele zivunyelwe ngokusemthethweni yizinhlangano ezilawulayo zendawo (umkhandlu wedolobha, imeya, njll.), kanye 'nezinhlangano ezilawulayo zasekhaya' ziphethe ukwengamela imishini edlulisiwe.

Bopha abaholi bakho. Sungula izinqubomgomo zasekhaya zokuvikela iminyango yamaphoyisa ekuthengeni imishini yezempi nokwenza ibuyise imishini esevele inayo.

Izinqubomgomo zasendaweni zingakhawulela nokusetshenziswa kwezikhali ezikhona ngokusobala zokuthumba, umgibeli osebenzayo, isivimbelo, noma ezinye izimo eziphuthumayo lapho izimpilo zisengozini khona impela. Imithetho yendawo ingenziwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusetshenziswa kwemishini enjalo kudinga imvume kwizikhulu ezikhundleni eziphezulu. Ummeli wenqubomgomo yendawo ukukhawulela ukusetshenziswa kwezikhali ezikhona.

2. Ummeli wokuphela koHlelo lukaHulumeni we-Federal 1033 nezinye izinhlelo ezihlobene.

ICongress igunyaze uMnyango Wezokuvikela ukwenza ukuthi imishini yezempi eyeqile itholakale ekusebenziseni umthetho emuva ngo-1990. Futhi iCongress ngokwayo yethula futhi iphasise umthetho othinta uHlelo luka-1033 nezinye izinhlelo ezifanayo. Bobabili uMongameli neCongress banamandla okuqeda uHlelo lwe-1033 futhi baqhubeke nokuqeda umkhuba wokudlulisela imishini yamasosha ezinhlakeni zomthetho zendawo.

3. Ummeli wokwehlisa isabelomali sombuso.

Umnotho wethu ukhiqiza izinsizakusebenza zamasosha akhokhela intela ukukhokhela imikhankaso yamasosha amakhulu phesheya kwezilwandle, impi eyandayo yobukhona bamasosha phesheya kwezilwandle, futhi, nokulwa kwamaphoyisa akho endawo. Ngaphezu kwesigamu sezimali ezabiwe yiCongress unyaka nonyaka (okungukuthi, ukusetshenziswa kwezindleko) kuya ngqo ekusetshenzisweni kwezempi. Futhi okuningi kwalokho kuphelela emaphaketheni ezinkampani ezikhiqiza izikhali zempi, eziningi zazo ezigcina zisezitaladini zaseMelika.

Futhi njengoba ukusetshenziswa kwezempi kwezombusazwe kukhula njalo, futhi kwandisa ukuba khona kwethu kwezempi emhlabeni wonke, futhi izikhali eziningi ziyalayishwa eminyangweni yamaphoyisa endawo.

Ungagcini nje ngokuvuma ukuqeda impi ethile, ubheke umnyombo wenkinga: impi ekhokhelwa intela ekhokhelwa ngabakhokhi ntela. Khawulela ukulethwa kwezikhali emshinini wempi, kanti iPentagon izoyeka ukulayisha imishini yezempi emnyangweni wamaphoyisa wendawo. Ummeli weCongress ukuthi ahlelise kabusha ukusetshenziswa kwemali yethu yenhlangano ukunakekela izidingo zemiphakathi yasendaweni. Abaholi abakhethiwe abagqugquzela ukuphela kwezimpi zakwamanye amazwe, kepha futhi badicilela phansi imali esetshenzisiwe.

4. Vula labo abazuza empini / ezempi ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe.

Ngenkathi izinkampani ezikhiqiza izikhali zempi zenza inzuzo kuphela lapho sisempini noma impi isiseduze, nabo bayazuza ngokuhlomisa amaphoyisa endawo ukuze alwe. Izinkampani ezinamandla amakhulu ezibusa kakhulu ekukhiqizeni izikhali zithola izigidigidi zezimali zabakhokhi bentela futhi zinamandla amakhulu okugqugquzela ukubonakala kwezepolitiki. Hlanganisa nezinkampani ezikhiqiza lezi zikhali zempi. Akumele kube yizo eziyalela inqubomgomo yethu yakwamanye amazwe. Futhi udalule osopolitiki abathola ukukhokhwa kusuka kubasizi bezikhali abanjengoNRA.

5. Yekela insumansumane yokuthi imishini yezempi iyadingeka ekusetshenzisweni komthetho

Izintshisakalo ezinamandla zibangela impi yamaphoyisa futhi lokhu kuzoba yisithiyo sakho esikhulu. Lapho othile ophethe ibheji noma isudi esukuma futhi echaza ngokuthula isidingo sezikhali ezinjalo, egcizelela ukuthi izosetshenziswa kuphela ukuvikela izimpilo zabantu abangenacala 'ezimweni eziphuthumayo,' sazi ukuthi lokhu kungamanga. Siyazi ukuthi lezi zikhali azivamile ukusetshenziselwa izinhloso ezishiwo, futhi siyazi ukuthi lezi zikhali zibhebhethekisa kanjani udlame lwamaphoyisa, ikakhulukazi oluqonde emiphakathini enemibala. Amandla akho okwenza le ngxabano azoba usizo olukhulu empumelelweni yakho yokwengeza amandla amaphoyisa.

6. Inselelo yombono wokushisekela izwe

I-Patriotism yisimemezelo sokulwa sokulwa ngempi, futhi yisimbozo esisetshenziselwa ukufihla ubuhlanga obuhleliwe emaphoyiseni. Isazi sefilosofi uLeo Tolstoy wabhala lokho "Ukuqeda udlame lohulumeni, into eyodwa kuphela edingekayo: Ukuthi abantu kufanele baqonde ukuthi umuzwa wokuthanda izwe, okuwukuphela kwalo oxhasa lelo thuluzi lodlame, umuzwa onobudlova, olimazayo, ohlazisayo nomuzwa omubi, futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke, oziphethe kabi. ”

Uma uthola noma yiluphi umfutho wokushintshwa, ikhadi lokushisekela izwe lizodonswa yilabo abazuza ezempi noma bazuze kulo. Bazofikelwa yintukuthelo lapho becabanga ngokugxeka izikhungo zamasosha noma zamaphoyisa, noma ngabe zingenacala kangakanani.

Labo phakathi komphakathi jikelele abadonsekela emizweni yokushisekela izwe bayimpumputhe ekuboneni ukungalungi lapho ibabeka ebusweni kukhanya kosuku. Lapho kukhulu ikhono lakho lokubhidliza umqondo wokushisekela izwe, lokho kuzoba yikhono lakho lokudicilela phansi amaphoyisa, kungaba emphakathini wangakini noma kuzwelonke.

Thola izindlela ongenza ngazo ukuthi umhlaba okuzungezile ube nokuthula futhi ube yindawo yawo wonke umuntu. Landa i-handout yami yamahhala 198 Izenzo Zokuthula.