Emuva ngeminyaka yawo-1890 labo ababekholelwa ukuthi ukunqoba izwekazi kwakubulala ngokwanele (ngaphandle kokuthatha iHawaii, Philippines, Cuba, Puerto Rico, njll.) kwakuhlanganisa noSomlomo Wendlu uThomas Reed. Ukhiphe isihloko ephephandabeni mayelana ne-lynching eSouth Carolina. Unqamule isihloko esithi “Enye Intukuthelo eCuba.” Wanamathisela zombili ndawonye (izindaba zomgunyathi!) wazinika uKhongolose waseSouth Carolina owayefuqa impi eCuba. UKhongolose wasifunda ngokuzimisela lesi sihloko, wabe esema, wabukeka edidekile, wabe esethi “Kungani, lena akuyona iCuba.”
Ngincoma ukuthi uzame leli qhinga. Klipha i-athikili emayelana nama-Israel abulala abantu basePalestine, noma intukuthelo ethile ejele lase-U.S. noma esigcawini sase-Saudi noma ngaphansi kwemvula yamabhomu okusiza abantu e-Afghanistan, Pakistan, Syria, Yemen, Somalia, Iraq, Libya, noma kwenye indawo; inamathisele ngezansi kwesihloko esimayelana ne-Iran, North Korea, Bashar al Assad, noma uVladimir Putin. Ibonise umuntu osondelene kakhulu nelungu lakho leNgqungquthela noma amalungu omkhandlu okwazi ukungena nawo ekamelweni elilodwa noma ukufinyelela kuwo nge-imeyili. Noma vele uyibonise umuntu onebhadi lokuba nethelevishini.
Ukucasuka kufanele kube ukucasuka ngenxa yalokho abayikho, hhayi ukuthi kwenziwa ngubani. Ngikufisela inhlanhla ngokuthola ukuthi kunjalo e-United States namuhla!
Nali isiqephu sencwadi yami entsha, Ukuphulukisa i-Exceptionalism:
Ngobuzwe obukhethekile, njengabo bonke ubuzwe, "thina" kufanele sithathe ubuningi bomuntu wokuqala ephila amakhulu eminyaka, ukuze "silwe namaBrithani" futhi "sanqoba iMpi Yomshoshaphansi." Lokhu kuziveza, ikakhulukazi uma kuhlangene nenkolelo yokuphakama okungavamile, kuthambekela okholwayo ekugxileni ezintweni ezinhle “esizenzile,” futhi aqhelelane nezinto ezihlazisayo “esizenzile,” nakuba yena siqu engafanelwe nakancane ukutuswa ngenxa yalokhu. futhi futhi asolwe ngenxa yalokho. “Umuntu oshisekela ubuzwe,” kubhala uGeorge Orwell, “akagcini nje ngokuphikisa izenzo zonya ezenziwa uhlangothi lwakhe, kodwa unekhono elimangalisayo lokungezwa ngisho nokuzwa ngazo.”[i]
Ekhasini 1 lencwadi kaCheneys: “Siqinisekise inkululeko, ukulondeka, nokuthula engxenyeni enkulu yesintu kunanoma yisiphi esinye isizwe kuwo wonke umlando.”[Ii] Izimangalo ezinjalo, njengalapha, ngokuvamile azibhalwa phansi noma azichazwa. Ngokwengqikithi yalokho okusilandelayo, isimangalo sibonakala sisekelwe kakhulu ekuhlaziyeni kweMpi Yezwe II njengokugqugquzelwa kwenkululeko nokuthula, nasemlandweni weMpi Yezwe II oshiya ngaphandle ingxenye yengonyama yokulwa kwama-Allies eYurophu ukuthi kwenziwa yiSoviet Union.
Isimangalo sokuthi "thina" singabalethi abahamba phambili bokuthula nenkululeko kungenzeka, futhi, sisekelwe ezimpini zase-US nokukhiqizwa kwezikhali kusukela ngeMpi Yezwe II. Ngokuqinisekile, uma noma ubani olwa izimpi eziningi futhi akhiqize izikhali eziningi kakhulu eletha ukuthula nenkululeko enkulu emhlabeni, khona-ke i-United States ithatha isihloko. Kodwa ngaphandle kwe-United States, le ngqondo ikude nokwamukelwa emhlabeni wonke - ngokuphambene nalokho. Amazwe amaningi avotelwa ngoDisemba 2013 ngabakwaGallup esibizwa i-United States enkulu usongo ekuthuleni emhlabeni.[Iii] Ucwaningo olwenziwa nguPew ngo-2017 lwathola imiphumela efanayo.[Iv]
Kusukela ngeMpi Yezwe II, phakathi nalokho ezinye izifundiswa zase-US ezikucabanga njengenkathi yokuthula, amasosha ase-US abulale noma asize ukubulala abantu abangaba yizigidi ezingama-20, agumbuqela okungenani ohulumeni be-36, bagxambukela okhethweni lwangaphandle lwe-84, bazama ukubulala ngaphezu kwalokho. Abaholi bakwamanye amazwe abangama-50, futhi baphonsa amabhomu kubantu emazweni angaphezu kuka-30.[V] Amasosha ase-US abiza cishe njengawo wonke amasosha omhlaba ehlangene, kuyilapho i-US, amalungu e-NATO, kanye nabalingani bawo benza ingxenye yesithathu yezindleko zempi zomhlaba. Ukusebenzelana kwezikhali zase-U.S. kuyingqayizivele ngomqondo wokuhola zonke ezinye, kodwa kuhlanganisa ngempela amaklayenti ayo. I-United States, njengoba kuphawuliwe ngenhla, kusukela ngo-2017 inikeze izikhali futhi ezimweni eziningi iqeqeshelwa amaphesenti angu-73 omhlaba. obushiqela.[vi] Ngokuqinisekile kungenzeka ukuthola imiphumela emihle kokunye kwalokhu, kodwa ukuqonda okunamehlo acwebile kudinga ukukala okuhle nokubi. Ingabe imbulunga ehlulekayo ukwazisa wonke lo msebenzi wamaphoyisa womhlaba wonke owakhiwe isixuku sabantu abangenacala? Noma ingabe imodeli yamaphoyisa inephutha elikhulu?
Ukugwema ukugxekwa kwezwe, noma ukuzicabangela “thina,” izingozi ezivumela ukupha kusebenze njengesembozo sendinganiso ekabili. Yini abantu baseMelika abangayicabanga uma esinye isizwe besingazenzela inkululeko yaso emhlabeni jikelele? Lokho kungaba ukuziphatha “kwesizwe esikhohlakele.” Nasi isibalo sezisekelo zempi emhlabeni ezikhona ngaphandle kwemingcele yezizwe zabo:[vii]
I-United States - 800
eRussia - 9
eFrance - 8
I-United Kingdom - 8
Japan - 1
INingizimu Korea - 1
I-Netherlands - 1
I-India - 1
I-Australia - 1
eChile - 1
iTurkey - 1
Israyeli - 1
Ngo-2007, umongameli wase-Ecuador watshela i-United States ukuthi ingagcina izizinda zayo e-Ecuador inqobo nje uma i-Ecuador ingaba nayo eMiami, eFlorida.[viii] Lo mbono wawuyihlaya futhi unonya.
Ezivumelwaneni ezingu-18 zamalungelo abantu ezinkulu zeZizwe Ezihlangene, i-United States iyingxenye ye-5, ngaphansi kwanoma yisiphi esinye isizwe emhlabeni, ngaphandle kweBhutan (4), futhi iboshelwe neMalaya, iMyanmar, neSouth Sudan, izwe elihlaselwe yizimpi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi. ukwakhiwa kwayo ngo-2011.[ix] Ingabe i-United States isebenza njengomthetho womhlaba ovela endaweni engaphandle kwemithetho yomhlaba? Noma kukhona okunye okwenzekayo?
Ukuthi i-United States yenze okuthile akufanele ilinganisele noma imelene naleyo nto. Izenzo kufanele zime noma ziwe ngokufaneleka kwazo. Kepha abakwaCheneys basitshela ukuthi kumele sibone “umehluko wokuziphatha phakathi kwesikhali senuzi sase-Iran nesaseMelika.” Kufanele, ngempela? Kungaba engcupheni yokwanda okwengeziwe, ukusetshenziswa ngephutha, ukusetshenziswa umholi ohlanyayo, ukufa kwabantu abaningi nokucekelwa phansi, inhlekelele yemvelo, ukukhuphuka kokuziphindiselela, kanye ne-apocalypse. Esinye salezo zizwe ezimbili sinezikhali zenuzi[X], uye wasebenzisa izikhali zenuzi[xi], inikeze enye izinhlelo zezikhali zenuzi[xii], inomgomo wokusebenzisa izikhali zenuzi okokuqala[xiii], inobuholi obuvimbela ukuba nezikhali zenuzi[xiv], futhi uvame ukusongela ukusebenzisa izikhali zenuzi[xv]. Angicabangi ukuthi lawo maqiniso angenza isikhali senuzi ezandleni zelinye izwe sibe nokuziphatha okuncane kakhulu.
Uma uzibuza, omongameli base-US abenze izinsongo zenuzi eziyimfihlo esidlangalaleni noma eziyimfihlo kwezinye izizwe, esizaziyo, bafake uHarry Truman, uDwight Eisenhower, uRichard Nixon, uGeorge H.W. Bush, Bill Clinton, kanye noDonald Trump, kuyilapho abanye, kuhlanganise no-Barack Obama, bevame ukusho izinto ezifana nokuthi "Zonke izinketho zisetafuleni" ngokuphathelene ne-Iran noma elinye izwe.[xvi]
[i] UGeorge Orwell, "Amanothi Ngezwe," http://www.orwell.ru/library/essays/nationalism/english/e_nat.
[Ii] UDick Cheney noLiz Cheney, Okungajwayelekile: Kungani umhlaba udinga iMelika enamandla (ITreshold Editions, i-2015).
[Iii] UMeredith Bennett-Smith, “Womp! Leli zwe Laqanjwa Njengosongo Olukhulu Kunazo Zonke Lokuthula Komhlaba,” I-HuffPost, https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/01/02/greatest-threat-world-peace-country_n_4531824.html (Januwari 23, 2014).
[Iv] UDorothy Manevich noHanyu Chwe, “Emhlabeni wonke, abantu abaningi babona amandla nethonya lase-U.S. njengosongo olukhulu,” Pew Research Center, http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/08/01/u-s-power-and-influence-increasingly-seen-as-threat-in-other-countries (August 1, 2017).
[V] UDavid Swanson, “U.S. Izimpi Nezenzo Ezinobutha: Uhlu,” Ake sizame ngentando yeningi, http://davidswanson.org/warlist.
[vi] UDavid Swanson, “U.S. Izimpi Nezenzo Ezinobutha: Uhlu,” Ake sizame ngentando yeningi, http://davidswanson.org/warlist.
[vii] David Swanson, "Ziyini Izisekelo Zezempi Zakwamanye Amazwe?" Ake sizame ngentando yeningi, http://davidswanson.org/what-are-foreign-military-bases-for (Julayi 13, 2015).
[viii] UPhil Stewart, "i-Ecuador ifuna isizinda samasosha eMiami," Reuters, https://uk.reuters.com/article/ecuador-base/ecuador-wants-military-base-in-miami-idUKADD25267520071022 (Okthoba 22, 2007).
[ix] "I-Core International Human Rights Instruments kanye nezinhlangano zabo zokuqapha," IHhovisi leNhlangano Yezizwe Lamalungelo Abantu likaKhomishana Omkhulu, http://www.ohchr.org/EN/ProfessionalInterest/Pages/CoreInstruments.aspx.
[X] UDavid Swanson, "I-Talk Nation Radio: UGareth Porter: I-Iran Ayikaze Ibe Nohlelo Lwezikhali Zenuzi," Ake sizame ngentando yeningi, http://davidswanson.org/talk-nation-radio-gareth-porter-iran-has-never-had-a-nuclear-weapons-program-3 (Februwari 12, 2014).
[xi] UDavid Swanson, "Hiroshima Haunting," Ake sizame ngentando yeningi,” http://davidswanson.org/hiroshima-haunting (Agasti 6, 2017).
[xii] UDavid Swanson, "Ividiyo: I-RT Ihlanganisa Isivivinyo sikaJeffrey Sterling," Ake sizame ngentando yeningi, http://davidswanson.org/video-rt-covers-jeffrey-sterling-trial-2 (Januwari 16, 2015).
[xiii] "I-Nuclear Posture Review," uMnyango Wezokuvikela wase-U.S., https://www.defense.gov/News/Special-Reports/NPR.
[xiv] "I-Al Khamenei's Fatwa Against Nuclear Weapons," Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ali_Khamenei%27s_fatwa_against_nuclear_weapons.
[xv] Daniel Ellsberg, Umshini Wezinhlekelele: Ukuvuma kwe-Nuclear War Planner (Bloomsbury USA , 2017), http://www.ellsberg.net/category/doomsday-machine.
[xvi] Daniel Ellsberg, Umshini Wezinhlekelele: Ukuvuma kwe-Nuclear War Planner (Bloomsbury USA , 2017), http://www.ellsberg.net/category/doomsday-machine.
