Kungani Abampofu BaseNingizimu Afrika?

By UDavid Swanson, Juni 15, 2018.

Kufanele sibonge kakhulu uFrancesco Duina ngencwadi yakhe entsha, Ukuhlukana nokuzwela izwe: Kungani abampofu baseMelika bathanda izwe labo. Uqala ngengozi elandelayo. Abampofu e-United States bahamba ngezindlela eziningi kakhulu kunezinye izizwe ezicebile, kodwa banomhlaba omkhulu kunabampofu kulawo mazwe nakwezinye izizwe, ikakhulukazi kunabantu abacebile ezweni lakubo. Izwe labo (phakathi kwezwe elicebile) liphezulu ngokungalingani, futhi kunezindlela zokusekelwa komphakathi, kodwa nokho zikholelwa kakhulu ukuthi i-United States "ingcono kakhulu kunamanye amazwe." Kungani?

U-Duina akazange azame ukuzihlanza lokhu. Waphuma wahlola abantu abampofu base-Alabama naseMontana. Wathola ukuhlukahluka phakathi kwalezi zindawo ezimbili, njengabantu abathanda uhulumeni ngokubasiza kancane futhi abantu bathanda uhulumeni ngokungabasizi nhlobo. Wathola ukuhlukahluka phakathi kwamadoda nabesifazane kanye nezinhlanga, kepha ikakhulukazi wathola ukuthanda izwe ngokuzungezile okwakhiwa ngamazwi nezinkulumo ezifanayo.

Ngicabanga ukuthi kufanelekile ukukhomba ukuthi abaseMelika abacebile bangabantu abathandekayo kakhulu basezweni laseMelika, futhi ukuthi umbuzo wokuziphatha ukuthi kungani umuntu kufanele athande isikhungo esibangela ukuhlupheka okukhulu kwabanye kufana nokuthi kungani umuntu kufanele athande isikhungo esenza sikhulu ukuhlupheka ngokwakho (nokuthi ukuhlupheka okukhulu uhulumeni wase-United States akwenza kungaphandle kwe-United States). Ngicabanga ukuthi okuningi kukaDuina okuthole phakathi kwabampofu kungatholakala kwezinye izimo phakathi kwabampofu kakhulu.

UDuina uhlonipha kakhulu wonke umuntu owakhulume naye, futhi ufunde kakhulu emlandweni wakhe. Kodwa ucaphuna ngokwanele izitatimende zakhe ezikhulunywe nabo ukuba zicacise, ngicabanga ukuthi ukuthanda izwe ngokuyinhloko yikholo lenkohliso engokwenkolo ngokuzenzekela ngokusekelwe kokungazi nokugwema amaqiniso. Njengoba nje ocebile kakhulu kukhona okungaphezulu inkolo, bayizizwe ezithandekayo kakhulu, futhi abatholi lutho olucacile phakathi kwalaba ababili. U-Duina ubika ukuthi abantu abaningi abakhuluma nabo bamqinisekisa ngokuthi uNkulunkulu wayemthanda i-United States ngaphezu kwazo zonke ezinye izizwe. Indoda eyodwa yaze yachaza ukuthanda izwe ngokweqile nokwabanye njengento edingekayo yokukholelwa kokuthile lapho kunzima, okunye okumele kunikeze "isithunzi." Yiqiniso, kukhona ukufana kobandlululo lobuhlanga baseMelika, njengoba abaningi abamhlophe abamhlophe baseMelika bekhulile amakhulu eminyaka emcimbini wokuthi okungenani bangcono kunabangewona abamhlophe. Inkolelo yokuthi okungenani eyodwa ingcono kunalabo abangewona baseMelika isakazwe kuwo wonke umuntu.

U-Duina uthi ngisho nalabo abanobunzima kakhulu ukukholelwa ukuthi konke kulungile futhi kulungile nehlelo elibazungezile kungaba lula engqondweni kunokuqaphela ukungabi nabulungisa. Uma abantu bengcono, ngokudabukisayo, ukuthanda izwe kungase kunciphise. Ukuthanda izwe kukuncipha njengoba imfundo ikhula. Futhi kubonakala sengathi yehla njengoba kunezinhlobo ezithile zolwazi nezimo zengqondo ezihanjisiwe. Njengoba nje abantu betholakale befuna ukushaya ibhomu ngesizwe ngokulingana nokukwazi kwabo ukuyibeka kahle ebalazweni, ngikholelwa ukuthi abantu bekungencane amathuba okukholelwa ukuthi i-United States iyabasebenzisa kangcono kunezwe laseScandinavia uma bezazi amaqiniso emazweni aseScandinavian. Okwamanje abanqumanga.

UDuina ucaphuna abantu abamqinisekisa ukuthi bonke abaseSweden babalekela iSweden ngokushesha nje lapho sebeqedile imfundo yabo yasekolishi yamahhala, ukuthi iCanada ingaba nokunakekelwa kwezempilo kodwa kuyisidlingozi, ukuthi eJalimane noma eRussia bazoqeda isandla sakho noma ulimi lwakho, emaJapane aseKomithani azoqeda ikhanda lakho ngokukhuluma ngokumelene nomongameli, njll. Kungenzeka yini zonke lezi zinkolelo, zonke iziqondiso ezifanayo (ezokuhlukumeza ezinye izizwe) zibe amaphutha angenacala? Omunye umuntu uqinisekisa uDuina ukuthi ezinye izizwe ziphansi ngoba zihlanganyela ekubulaweni komphakathi, bese zikhuthaza ukubulawa kwabantu e-United States. Abantu abaningi bamemezela ukuthi uMninimandla wase-United States ukhululekile ngoba unenkululeko yenkolo, bese wenqaba umqondo wokuthi noma ngubani ongewona umKristu angaba ngumengameli we-US. Abantu abangenamakhaya bayamqinisekisa ukuthi i-United States yindawo ye-quintessential.

Abaningi bakhuluma "ngenkululeko," futhi ezimweni eziningi basho inkululeko evezwe kuMthethosivivinywa Wamalungelo, kodwa kwabanye kusho inkululeko yokuhamba noma yokushayela. Baqhathanisa le nkululeko yokuhamba nobudlova, nakuba benokuhlangenwe nakho okuncane noma okungekho okuhlangene nobudlova, nakuba kubonakala sengathi kuqhathaniswa kangcono nalokho okuthiwa abampofu baseMelika bangase bazi kangcono kakhulu: ukuboshwa kwabantu abaningi.

Inkolelo yokuthi izimpi ezizweni zakwamanye amazwe ziyazuzisa izisulu zabo futhi izenzo zokuphana zibonakala zikhona cishe yonke indawo, futhi izizwe ezingaphandle zivame ukuhlukaniswa ngoba izimpi zikhona (ngaphandle kokuqaphela ukuthi eziningi zalezi zimpi zibandakanya impi yase-US exhaswe ngezigidi zezikhathi imali eyodingeka ukuba kuqedwe ubumpofu e-United States). Indoda eyodwa ikholelwa ukuthi iVietnam namanje ihlukaniswe ngesiqingatha njengeKorea. Omunye ukholelwa ukuthi umongameli wase-Iraq wamema i-United States ukuyihlasela. Omunye nje uyaziqhenya e-United States "enezempi engcono kakhulu." Lapho ebuzwa ngefulege lase-US, abaningi ngokushesha babonisa ukuziqhenya "inkululeko" kanye "nezimpi." Abambalwa be-libertarians babonisa ukusekelwa kokuletha amabutho ekhaya, bebeka ezinye izizwe icala ukungathandi ukuphuthuka - kuhlanganise nalabo aseMpumalanga Ephakathi, "okungakaze kuthuthukiswe."

Kukhona ukwesekwa okufanayo okufanayo kokusakazeka okuphawulekayo kwezibhamu e-United States njengento eyenza i-United States iphakeme.

Iphutha elilodwa elibhekiswe kwamanye amazwe lithatha izingane kude nabazali, nokho omunye ucabanga ukuthi okungenani abanye abalahla lo mkhuba baye bathola indlela yokuyixolela noma bangayiqapheli ezindabeni zakamuva ezivela e-United States.

Nokho, enye yeziphambeko ezivame kakhulu, isusa izinhloko zabantu. Lokhu kubonakala njengombono ovamile walokho okungahambi kahle ngamazwe angaphandle, ukuthi ngicishe ngizibuze ukuthi ukusekela kwe-US eSaudi Arabia kuyingxenye ebangelwa izindlela ezinjalo eziphumelelayo zokugcina abantu base-US bahlala phansi.

Ngandlela-thile, umphakathi wase-US uye wathonywa ukuba uqhathanise njalo i-United States namazwe ampofu, kuhlanganise namazwe lapho uhulumeni wase-US ewasekela khona abahlukumezi abanobudlova noma obangela ukuhlupheka kwezomnotho, futhi angalokothi kube namazwe acebile. Ukuba khona kwamanye amazwe okubi kakhulu, futhi okuvela kuwo ababaleki ababalekele e-United States ngokuvamile kuthathwa njengobungqina bokuthi isimo se-Greatest Nation emhlabeni, ngisho noma ezinye izizwe ezicebile zingcono futhi zifunwa ngabangaphandle.

Imiphumela ihlanganisa umphakathi ozimisele ukuzuza ukungabi nabulungisa okukhulu, umphakathi ozimisele ukulandela osopolitiki abafisa ukuwagxilisa kodwa ukuwenza kanjalo izwe, ukusekela umphakathi izimpi nokulahla umthetho wamazwe omhlaba nokubambisana, futhi umphakathi ozimisele ukwenqaba ukuthuthukiswa imithetho yezempilo noma ye-gun noma izinqubomgomo zezulu noma izinhlelo zezemfundo uma zenziwe kwamanye amazwe.

Le ncwadi isitshela kabanzi mayelana nokuthi i-Trump ivela kuphi kunezinyanga ezidlule ze-18 zezindaba zekhebula, kepha i-Trump yincane.

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Izincwadi zikaDavid Swanson zihlanganisa Ukuphulukisa i-Exceptionalism.