IZINDAZI ZIKHUMBULWA NGABANTU ABAKHAYA

Sifunda okuningi ngezisusa zangempela zezimpi lapho abashaya imicibisholo bevuza imizuzu yemihlangano eyimfihlo, noma lapho amakomidi ezinhlangano ezikhishwayo enyathelisa amarekhodi okulalelwa amashumi eminyaka kamuva. Abahleli bezimpi babhala izincwadi. Benza amabhayisikobho. Babhekana nophenyo. Ekugcineni ubhontshisi bavame ukugcwala. Kodwa angikaze ngike ngisho nanini ngizwe ngomhlangano wangasese lapho abenzi bezimpi eziphezulu bexoxa ngakho ngesidingo sokugcina impi ehamba ukuze bazuze amasosha alwa kuwo.

Isizathu sokuthi lokhu kuyamangalisa ukuthi cishe awuke uzwe umhleli wezempi ekhuluma emphakathini mayelana nezizathu zokugcina impi ngaphandle kokumangalelwa ukuthi kufanele kwenziwe amabutho, ukusekela amabutho, ukuze ungavumelani namabutho, noma ukuthi lawo mabutho asefile kakade angeke afe ngeze. Yiqiniso, uma befa ngokungemthetho, ukuziphatha okubi, isenzo esilimazayo, noma nje impi engenathemba okumelwe ilahleke ngokushesha noma kamuva, akucaci ukuthi ukubamba izidumbu eziningi kuzodumisa kanjani izinkumbulo zabo. Kodwa lokhu akukona nge-logic.

Umqondo wukuthi amadoda nabesifazane abafaka ukuphila kwabo engozini, okumele kuthiwe ngenxa yethu, kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi babe nokusekela kwethu - ngisho noma sibheka ukuthi benzani njengoba bebulala abantu abaningi. Izishoshovu zokuthula, ngokungafani nabahleli bezempi, zisho okufanayo ngalokhu ngasese abazisho emphakathini: sifuna ukusekela lawo masosha ngokungabaniki imiyalelo engekho emthethweni, hhayi ukubacindezela ukuba benze okubi, hhayi ukuwayeka kude nabo imindeni ibeka engozini impilo yabo kanye nemizimba yabo kanye nenhlalakahle yengqondo.

Izingxoxo zangasese zabenzi bezimpi mayelana nokuthi kungani futhi ukugcina impi ihamba nayo ihlangabezana nazo zonke izisusa ezixoxwa ngazo esahlukweni sesithupha. Bathinta kuphela isihloko samabutho lapho becatshangwa ukuthi zingaki zazo zikhona noma zingakanani izinkontileka zazo ezinganwetshwa ngaphambi kokuba ziqale ukubulala abaphathi bazo. Esesidlangalaleni, indaba ehluke kakhulu, evame ukutshelwa ngamabutho ahlakaniphile afanayo afane nesimo esingemuva. Izimpi zikhona mayelana namabutho futhi empeleni kufanele zandiswe ukuze kuzuze amabutho. Noma yini enye ingakhubekisa futhi idumise amabutho azinikezele empini.

Izimpi zethu ziqashile izinkontileka ezingaphezu kwamabutho. Lapho ama-mercenary ebulawa futhi imizimba yabo iboniswa esidlangalaleni, isosha lase-US lizokujabulela ukubhubhisa umuzi ngokuziphindiselela, njengaseFallujah, e-Iraq. Kodwa ama-propagandists empi ayalokothi asho abontrakontra noma ama-mercenaries. Kuhlala njalo amabutho, abenza ukubulawa, kanye nalabo abadonsela emphakathini jikelele wabantu abathintekayo, yize amabutho ekhokhwa, njengama-mercenaries kuphela.

Isigaba: KUNGANI KONKE UKUHLELA KWEZINDABA?

Inhloso yokwenza impi ibe ngabantu (noma abanye abantu) balwa ukuqondisa umphakathi ukuba bakholelwe ukuthi indlela kuphela yokuphikisa impi kuyoba ukungena ngemvume njengesitha sezinsizwa nabesifazane abalwa esizweni sethu. Yiqiniso, lokhu kungenzi lutho nakancane. Impi inezinhloso ezithile noma izinhloso ngaphandle kokuzifakaza (noma, ngokunembile, ukuhlukumeza) amabutho. Lapho abantu bephikisa impi, abakwenzi lokho ngokuthatha isikhundla sohlu oluhlukile. Baphikisana nempi yonke. Kodwa i-illogic ayizange ihlehlise umenzi wempi. "Kuzoba khona iNellies," kusho uLyndon Johnson ngoMeyi 17, u-1966, "kanti abanye abazokhungatheka futhi bahlukunyezwe futhi bahlukane ngaphansi kobunzima. Futhi abanye bazovula abaholi babo nasezweni labo nasezimpini zethu. "

Zama ukulandela i-logic: Amaqhawe anesibindi. Amagoli yimpi. Ngakho-ke impi isibindi. Ngakho-ke noma ubani ophikisana nempi ungumuntu owesaba futhi obuthakathaka, uNelly ophazamisayo. Noma ubani ophikisana nempi ungumuntu ophikisayo ophendukele uMlawuli wakhe oyiNhloko, izwe, namanye amabutho - amabutho amahle. Ungalokothi ucabange ukuthi impi ibhubhisa leli zwe, liphazamise umnotho, lisengozini yethu sonke, futhi sidle umphefumulo wesizwe. Impi yizwe, izwe lonke linomholi wezempi, futhi lonke izwe kufanele lilalele kunokucabanga. Ngempela, lokhu kuyimpi yokusakaza intando yeningi.

Ngo-Agasti 31, 2010, uMengameli Obama wathi enkulumweni ye-Oval Office:

"Le ntambama, ngakhuluma noMengameli wangaphambili uGeorge W. Bush. Kuyaziwa ukuthi yena nami angavumelani ngempi [e-Iraq] kusukela ekuqaleni. Kodwa akekho ongangabaza ukusekela kukaMengameli Bush ngamabutho ethu, noma uthando lwakhe lwezwe nokuzibophezela ekuvikelekeni kwethu. "

Lokhu kusho ukuthini? Ungacabangi ukuthi u-Obama uvotele ngokuphindaphindiwe ukukhokhela impi njengo-senator futhi wagcizelela ukuqhubeka nokuhamba njengomengameli. Ungacabangi ukuthi, kule nkulumo efanayo, wathola lonke uchungechunge lwamanga olwakhulume futhi lwandisa impi, wabe esehlose ukusebenzisa lawo manga amanga ukuze asekele impi eqhubekayo e-Afghanistan. Ake sithi Obama "akazange avumelane ngempi" noBush. Kumelwe ukuba wacabanga ukuthi impi yayimbi ezweni lethu nokuphepha kwethu namabutho. Ukube wayecabanga ukuthi impi yayingcono kulazo zinto, kwakudingeka avumelane noBush. Ngakho-ke, okungcono kakhulu, u-Obama usho ukuthi naphezu kokuthandana kwakhe (ungalokothi uhloniphe noma ukhathazeke; ngamabutho ahlale ethanda) amasosha njalonjalo, uBush wenza kanjalo futhi sonke siphutha ngokungenhloso. Impi yayiyiphutha elikhulu kunazo zonke lekhulu leminyaka. Kodwa akukho into enkulu. Lezi zinto zenzeka.

Ngenxa yokuthi inkulumo ka-Obama yayimayelana nempi, yachitha inqwaba yalo, njengoba kudingeka, idumisa amabutho:

"[O] amasosha ase-ur elwa ne block ngokusiza i-Iraq ukuthatha ithuba lekusasa elingcono. Bashintsha amaqhinga ukuvikela abantu base-Iraq, "njll.

Abantu beqiniso beqiniso. Futhi ngokungangabazeki kuyoba inzuzo yabo ukuthi iMpi e-Afghanistan nezinye izimpi zidonsa esikhathini esizayo, uma singaqedeli ukuhlanya kwempi.

Isigaba: UNGWENZEKA NOMA IMPILO KANYE NOMA IZINDABA

Iqembu lababukeli bemidiya Ubulungiswa Nokunemba Ekubikeni (FAIR) kuqaphele ngo-Mashi, i-2003, njengoba iMpi e-Iraq iqala, ukuthi izitolo zabezindaba zenza okuthile okukhethekile ngolimi lwesiNgisi. I-Associated Press nezinye izitolo zasebenzisa i- "pro-war" kanye "nama-pro-amabutho" ngokungafani. Sasihlinzekwa ukukhetha ukuba yi-pro-troop noma impi-mpilo, kanti lokhu okusobala kuyadingeka ukuthi nathi sibe yi-anti-troop:

"Isibonelo, usuku olulandela ukuqhuma kwamabhomu eBaghdad lwaqala, i-AP yenze indaba (3 / 20 / 03) ngaphansi kwe-Anti-War, i-Pro-Troops Rallies ebizwa ngokuthi yi-Pro-Troops Rallies. Enye indaba (3 / 22 / 03), mayelana nemisebenzi ye-pro-neyokulwa nempi, ibhalwe ngeviki leMpelasonto liletha imibukiso eminingi - Impi ephikisanayo, Amaphoyinti asekela. Ukucaca okucacile ukuthi labo abafuna ukuphela kokuhlasela kwe-Iraq bayaphikisana namabutho ase-US, njengalokhu endabeni AbaHloli beRally Against War; Ezinye izinkampani zokusekela (3 / 24 / 03). "

Lo mkhuba wezokuxhumana awubizi ngokuqondile ohlangothini olulodwa lwempikiswano "anti-troop," kodwa futhi alubizi olunye uhlangothi "impi-pro," naphezu kwalolu cala injongo ecacile yokugqugquzela impi. Njengoba nje labo abavikela ilungelo lokukhipha isisu abafuni ukubizwa ngokuthi ukukhipha isisu, abalandeli bezempi abafuni ukubizwa ngokuthi yi-pro-war. Impi iyisidingo esingenakuvinjelwa, bacabanga, futhi indlela yokufeza ukuthula; indima yethu kuyo ukujabula amabutho. Kodwa abaphikisi bempi abavikeleki isizwe sabo ilungelo lokulwa nempi uma kudingeka, okungaba ukufana okungcono nemalungelo okukhipha isisu. Bajabula ngempi ethize, futhi leyo mpi ethile ihlale iyinhlangano yokukhwabanisa nobugebengu. Lawo maqiniso amabili kufanele ahlukumeze abaphikisi bempi ukufihla ngemuva kwelebuli "pro-amasosha" futhi basebenzise ukunyundela abaphikisi bempi, nakuba bebengathanda ukuqala ukusebenzisa ilebula "ukulwa nokuthula" angizange ngikuphikisele.

Olunye lwezingcezu eziningi ezingathandeki kolwazi lwemikhankaso yokwandisa impi "ukusekela amasosha" noma yini esitshela lokho amabutho okwamanje abhekene empini empeleni acabange ngawo. Kuthiwani uma kufanele 'sisekele amasosha' ngokwenza lokho amabutho ayekufunayo? Lona umqondo oyingozi kakhulu ukuqala ukuzulazula nxazonke. Amasosha akufanele abe nemicabango. Kumelwe balalele imiyalo. Ngakho-ke ukusekela lokho abakwenzayo kusho ukusekela lokho umengameli noma abaphathi abayala ukuba bakwenze. Ukuthatha isithakazelo esikhulu kulokho amabutho ngokwabo abacabanga ukuthi kungaba yingozi kakhulu ekusimeni kwalesi sihlalo samakhadi.

Umphenyi wase-US, njengoba sibonile esahlukweni sesihlanu, ukwazile ukuvota amasosha ase-US e-Iraq ngo-2006, futhi wathola ukuthi amaphesenti angama-72 alabo abavotelwa bafuna ukuthi impi iphele ngo-2006. usuku lokuphela, kepha kumaMarines kuphela ngamaphesenti angama-70. Ezinqolobaneni naseNational Guard, noma kunjalo, izinombolo zazingamaphesenti angama-2006 nama-58 ngokulandelana. Njengoba izimpi zilwelwa “ukuxhasa amabutho” ngabe impi ibingapheli? Futhi bekungafanele yini ukuthi amasosha, adalulwe ku-poll ukuthi aziswe kabi, atshelwe amaqiniso atholakalayo mayelana nokuthi impi ibiyini futhi bekungeyini?

Vele akunjalo. Indima yabo kwakuwukulalela imiyalo, futhi uma beqamba amanga kubo kubasiza ukuba balalele imiyalo, lokho kwakungcono kithi sonke. Asizange sithi sithembele noma sibahloniphe, kuphela ukuthi sasibathanda. Mhlawumbe kungaba ngokunembile kakhulu ukuthi abantu bathi bathande iqiniso lokuthi yizimpi eziphuma lapho zizimisele ukubulala ngobuwula futhi zife ngenxa yokuhaha komunye umuntu noma amandla omuntu, hhayi thina sonke. Kungcono wena kunami. Ngiyakuthanda! Ciao!

Into ehle kakhulu ngothando lwethu ngamabutho ukuthi amancane aphuma kanjani kuwo. Abatholi izifiso zabo mayelana nenqubomgomo yempi. Abazitholi ngisho nezikhali ezingabavikela empini uma nje kukhona abaphathi bama-CEO abasebenzisa impi abadinga imali kakhulu. Futhi azibhalisi ngisho nezinkontileka ezinenjongo nohulumeni enemigomo yamabutho angawasebenzisa. Uma isikhathi sabantu besempi siphelile, uma isosha lifuna ukuba ahlale isikhathi eside, "liyeka ukulahlekelwa" futhi libuye libuyele empini, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiyiphi inkontileka. Futhi-lokhu kuzomangaza kumuntu obuka izingxabano ezingaphezu kwezingxabano zempi - noma nini lapho abameli bethu bevotela amadola ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyikhulu ukuze "baxhase amabutho," amabutho awawutholi imali. Ngokujwayelekile imali ingaba yinkulungwane yezigidi zamaRandi. Uma uhulumeni empeleni enikeze amabutho isabelo sabo sezimali ezisekelayo futhi wabanika ithuba lokunikela amasheya abo emzamweni wokulwa nokuhlala empini, uma bekhetha kanjalo, ucabanga ukuthi amabutho ahlomile angase athole ukuncipha izinombolo?

Isigaba: THOLA UKUTHOLA OKWENGEZIWE KWE-THEM

Iqiniso liwukuthi abokugcina impi bayayikhathalela-noma ngabe yikuphi into yokuqala abakhuluma ngayo - yizikhali. Akekho osombusazwe ohlala e-United States ongakhulumi le nkulumo ethi "basekela amabutho." Abanye baphendukela umqondo kuze kube iphuzu lokufuna ukubulawa kwamabutho amaningi, nokusetshenziswa kwamabutho ekubulaweni kwabangewona abaseMelika . Lapho abazali kanye nabathandekayo balabo masosha sebefile kakade balahla impi eye yabalimaza futhi bacela ukuphela kwayo, abasekeli bezempi bayabeka icala lokuhluleka ukukhumbula intukuthelo yabo. Uma labo abafile kakade bafa ngenxa yezizathu ezinhle, khona-ke kufanele kube nokukholisa ngokwengeziwe ukukhuluma nje ngaleyo njongo enhle. Kodwa, lapho uCindy Sheehan ebuza uGeorge W. Bush ukuthi kungani indodana yakhe ifile ngenxa yakhe, uBush noma omunye umuntu wayengakwazi ukuphendula. Esikhundleni salokho, konke esikuzwile kwakuyisidingo sokufa okuningi ngenxa yokuthi abanye babenabo kakade.

Ngokuphindaphindiwe sitshelwa ukuthi impi kumele iqhutshwe ngoba nje kukhona amabutho okwamanje elwa kulo. Lokhu kuzwakale kukudabukisa ekuqaleni. Siyazi ukuthi impi ilimaza abaningi abahlanganyeli bayo ngokumangalisayo. Ingabe kunengqondo ukuqhubeka nempi ngoba kukhona amasosha empini? Akufanele yini kube khona esinye isizathu? Kodwa yilokho okwenzekayo. Izimpi ziyaqhubeka lapho iCongress iqoqa yona. Futhi ngisho nabaningi abathi "abaphikisi" bezimpi eCongress bawaxhasa ukuba "basekele amasosha," ngaleyo ndlela bavuselele lokho abakushoyo ukuthi bayakuphikisa. Ku-1968, uSihlalo weKomidi Lokunikezwa Kwezindlu, uGeorge Mahon (D., eTexas) uthe ukuvotela ukuxhasa iMpi eVietnam kwakungeyona nhlobo yokuthi noma ngabe ngubani osekela iMpi eVietnam. Uvoti olunjalo, wathi,

". . . akubandakanyi ukuhlolwa njengokubukwa komuntu okuyisisekelo mayelana nempi eVietnam. Umbuzo lapha ukuthi bakhona, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukubuka kwethu kungenye. "

Manje, "kukhona lapho, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi" ukuphikisana, okubonakala sengathi akukaze kukhule stale kuyinto engavamile, ukusho okungenani, ngoba uma impi ingasetshenziswanga amabutho kwakuzolethwa ekhaya, bese bebengayi Lapho. Ukuze uphume kuleli cult-de-sac enengqondo, abalandeli bezempi basungula izimo lapho iCongress iyeka ukuxhasa izimpi, kodwa izimpi ziyaqhubeka, kuphela le sikhathi ngaphandle kwezikhali noma ezinye izinto. Noma, ngokunye okuhlukile, ngokudinga i-Congress Congress imphika i-Pentagon imali yokuhoxisa amabutho, futhi ashiywe ngemuva kunoma yiliphi izwe elincani abaye labesabisa.

Akukho okufana nalezi zenzakalo okwenzekile ezweni langempela. Izindleko zokuthunyelwa kwamabutho kanye nemishini ekhaya noma esiteshini esiseduzane sezindunankulu asinakutholakali kwi-Pentagon, okuyinto evamile "ukungalungi" imali enkulu. Kodwa, ukuzungeze la malungu omhlangano we-anti-war kubandakanya noBarbara Lee (D., Calif.), Ngesikhathi seMpi e-Iraq nase-Afghanistan, baqala ukwethula izikweletu ukuze baxoshe impi futhi banikeze izimali ezintsha nje ukuhoxiswa. Abaxhasi bezempi babenqaba iziphakamiso ezinjengokuthi. . . Qagela? . . . ukwehluleka ukusekela amabutho.

Usihlalo weKomidi leZindlu zokuKwabiwa kwezindlu kusukela ku-2007 nge-2010 nguDavid Obey (D., Wisc.). Ngesikhathi umama wesosha ethunyelwa e-Iraq okwesibili futhi enqatshelwe ukunakekelwa kwezempilo okudingekayo wamcela ukuba ayeke ukukhokhela impi e-2007 nge-bill "eyengeziwe" yokusebenzisa imali, uCongressman Obey wamemeza ethi, phakathi kwezinye izinto:

"Sizama ukusebenzisa i-supplemental ukuqeda impi, kodwa awukwazi ukuqeda impi ngokuya ngokumelene ne-supplemental. Sekuyisikhathi lezi zinkululeko zokuziqonda ziqonda lokho. Kukhona umehluko omkhulu phakathi kokuxhasa izimpi nokuqeda impi. Angikwazi ukuphika izikhali zomzimba. Angikwazi ukuphika imali yezibhedlela zezilwane, izibhedlela zokuzivikela, ukuze ukwazi ukusiza abantu abanezinkinga zezokwelapha, yilokho ozokwenza uma ulwa nomthethosivivinywa. "

ICongress ixhase iMpi e-Iraq iminyaka eminingi ngaphandle kokuhlinzeka ngamabutho ngezikhali zempahla eyanele. Kodwa imali yezikhali zomzimba manje yayisesikhwameni sokunyusa impi. Futhi imali yokuxhaswa kwabakwa-veterans, okungenzeka inikezwe ku-bill ehlukile, yahlanganiswa kulokhu. Kungani? Ngokuqondile ukuze abantu abathanda Ukulalela bangasho kalula ukuthi izimali zempi zizohlomula amabutho. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi kusengaphambili ukuguqulwa kwamaqiniso okusho ukuthi awukwazi ukuqeda impi ngokuyeka ukuyixhasa. Futhi uma amabutho efika ekhaya, angeke adinge izikhali zomzimba. Kodwa u-Obey wayesebenze ngokuphelele inkulumo-ze yokuhlaselwa kwempi. Wabonakala ekholelwa ukuthi indlela eyedwa yokuqeda impi yayikudlulisela ibhilikithi ukuyixhasa kodwa ukufaka kulo mthethosivivinywa ukuzithokozisa okuncane nezinyathelo zokulwa nempi.

NgoJulayi 27, i-2010, ehlulekile eminye iminyaka emithathu nengxenye yokuqeda izimpi ngokuzixhasa, u-Obey waletha eNkantolo izindleko zokuxhasa ukuqhuma kweMpi e-Afghanistan, ngokukhethekile ukuthumela amanye amabutho e-30,000 kanye nabontonkontileka abalinganayo esihogweni. Ukulalela kwamemezela ukuthi unembeza wakhe umtshela ukuba avote Cha kulo mthethosivivinywa ngoba kwakungumthethosivivinywa ongasiza nje ukuqoqa abantu abafuna ukuhlasela abaseMelika. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, u-Obey uthe, kwakuyisibopho sakhe njengesihlalo sekomiti (okusobala ukuthi kunomsebenzi ophakeme kunalowo unembeza wakhe) ukuletha umthethosivivinywa phansi. Ngisho noma kungakhuthaza ukuhlaselwa kwabaseMelika? Akusilokho ukuhlubuka?

Ukulalela kwaqala ukukhuluma ngokumelene nomthethosivivinywa ayewuletha phansi. Ukwazi ukuthi kuzodlula ngokuphepha, wavota ngokumelene nalo. Omunye angase acabange, ngemva kweminyaka embalwa yokuvusa, uDavid Obey uyafika ekugcineni ezama ukuyeka imali ephikisana nayo, "ngaphandle kokuba u-Obey usememezele uhlelo lwakhe lokuthatha umhlalaphansi ekupheleni kwe-2010. Uphelile umsebenzi wakhe eCongress ngaleyo ncazelo ephakeme yobuzenzisi ngoba inkulumo-ze yempi, iningi lazo mayelana namabutho, iye yanxusa abameli ukuba babe "abagxeki" kanye "nabaphikisi" bempi ngenkathi bexhaswa.

Isigaba: UNGAKUHLOLA NOMA NINI ISIKHATHI SAKHO OTHANDAYO, KANYE UNGAKHO UKUPHELA

Ungase ucabange ngemizamo yeCongress iya ekugwemeni nasekuqhumeni ukuqhuma ngezimpikiswano ngokuthi ngabe uqala yini izimpi ukuthi izinqumo ezinjalo zibaluleke kakhulu, ukuthi impi ingaphelelwa kalula nganoma yisiphi isikhathi lapho isiqalile. Kodwa ukucabanga kwezimpi eziqhubekayo uma nje kukhona amasosha ahilelekile kuzo kusho ukuthi izimpi azikwazi ukuphela, okungenani hhayi kuze kube yilapho uMnumzane oyinhloko ebona kufanelekile. Lokhu akuyona into entsha, futhi ubuya emuva kwempi eminingi, okungenani kuze kufike ukuhlasela kwe-US kokuqala ePhilippines. Abahleli be-Harpers Weekly baphikisana nokuhlasela.

"Nokho, ngokumangalela umengameli, baphetha ngokuthi uma izwe seliyilwa, wonke umuntu kufanele adonse ndawonye ukuze asekele amabutho."

Lo mbono ongathandeki ngempela uye wangena eMelika ucabanga ngokujulile, eqinisweni, ukuthi abahlaziyi abakhululekile baye bacabanga ukuthi bakubonile lokho okushiwo emthethweni wase-US. Nangu uRalph Stavins, ekhuluma ngeMpi eVietnam:

"Ngesikhathi igazi lebutho elilodwa laseMelika selichithwa, uMengameli uzothatha isikhundla seMongameli oyiNhloko futhi uzophoqeleka ukukhipha umsebenzi wakhe womthethosisekelo ukuvikela amasosha emkhakheni. Lesi sibopho senze kube nzima ukuthi amabutho asuswe futhi kungenzeka ukuthi amasosha angeziwe ayothunyelwa. "

Inkinga ngalokhu akuyona nje indlela elula yokuvikela amabutho ukuletha ekhaya, kodwa futhi ukuthi umthwalo womthethosisekelo wokuvikela amasosha emkhakheni awukho eMthethwenisisekelo.

"Ukusekela amabutho" kuvame ukwanda kusukela ekushiwo ukuthi sidinga ukugcina amasosha empini isikhathi eside okusho ukuthi nathi kudingeka sikhulume nabo ukubonga kwethu impi, noma ngabe siyayiphikisa. Lokhu kungasho lutho ekungashushisi izinyathelo ezimbi, okwenza sengathi izinyathelo zihlukile kakhulu, zizenza sengathi impi iphumelele noma ihlangabezane neminye imigomo yayo noma ukuthi inemigomo ehlukene ehlangana kalula, noma ithumela izincwadi nezipho emabuthweni futhi ibabonga ngokuthi " isevisi. "

“Lapho impi iqala, uma impi iqala,” kusho uJohn Kerry (D., Mass.) Ngaphambi nje kokuhlasela kwe-Iraq ngo-2003, “ngiyawasekela amabutho futhi ngisekela i-United States of America ukuthi iwine ngokushesha okukhulu. Lapho amasosha esensimini futhi elwa - uma esenkundleni futhi elwa - ekhumbula ukuthi kunjani ukuba yilawo mabutho - ngicabanga ukuthi adinga iMelika ebumbene elungele ukunqoba. ” Oqokelwe ukungenela ukhetho lukaMengameli uKerry uHoward Dean ubize inqubomgomo kaBush yakwamanye amazwe “ngokwesabekayo” futhi “iyethusa” futhi ngokuzwakalayo, uma kungahambisani, ephikisana nokuhlasela i-Iraq, kodwa wagcizelela ukuthi uma uBush eqala impi, “Impela ngizoweseka amasosha.” Nginesiqiniseko sokuthi amasosha angathanda ukukholelwa ukuthi wonke umuntu ekhaya usekela abakwenzayo, kepha abanazo yini ezinye izinto okufanele bazikhathaze ngazo phakathi nempi? Futhi abanye babo bebengeke bathande ukwazi ukuthi abanye bethu bayabheka ukuthi ngabe bathunyelwe ukubeka impilo yabo engcupheni ngesizathu esizwakalayo noma cha? Ngabe bebengeke yini bazizwe belondeke kakhudlwana emsebenzini wabo, bazi ukuthi ukubheka ukubenza ifolishi lezinganono kuyaphila futhi kuyasebenza?

Ngo-Agasti 2010, ngahlanganisa uhlu lwabaphikisi be-100, abavela kuzo zonke izinhlangano zezombusazwe, abafunga kimi ukuthi ngeke bavote i-dime yezimpi e-Iraq noma e-Afghanistan. Omunye ozimele e-Green Party owakhandayo eVirginia wenqaba ukungena ngemvume, wangitshela ukuthi uma enza, umphikisi wakhe waseRepublican uzomangalela ngokuthi akasekeli amabutho. Ngamtshela ukuthi iningi labavoti esifundeni sakhe lifuna ukuthi impi iphelile nokuthi angabeka icala abalandeli bezempi ukufaka amasosha emigodini engekho emthethweni nokufaka engozini impilo yabo ngesizathu esihle, eqinisweni ngesizathu esibi. Ngesikhathi lo mbuzo engakabhalanga, ekhetha ukumela umphikisi wakhe kunabantu besifunda sakhe, wabonisa ukumangala nokuvuma lokho engikutshele khona, okubonakala sengathi kwakusha kuye.

Yilokho okujwayelekile. Ama-apipical ngamalungu e-congress afana no-Alan Grayson (D., Fla.). Ku-2010 mhlawumbe wayengumphikisi ophikisayo kakhulu we-War on Afghanistan, ecela umphakathi ukuba ucele abanye ozakwabo ukuba bavote ngokumelene nezikweletu zezimali. Lokhu kwaholela ekuhlaselweni okubikezelayo kwabaphikisi bakhe ekukhethweni okuzayo - kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemali enkampanini ngokumelene naye kunanoma yimuphi omunye ozobhapathizwa. Ngo-Agasti 17, i-2010, i-Grayson ithumele le imeyili:

"Ngikulethela izitha zami. NgoLwesihlanu, kwakunguDan Fanelli, lohlanga. Izolo, kwakunguBruce O'Donoghue, ukukhohlisa intela. Futhi namhlanje, nguKart Kelly, ukufudumala.

"E-Congress, ngingomunye wabaphikisana kakhulu nezimpini zase-Iraq nase-Afghanistan. Ngaphambi kokuba ngikhethwe, ngichitha iminyaka ngishushisa abahlomuli bempi. Ngakho ngiyazi ukuthi ngikhuluma ngani.

"Ngokungafani nenkukhu yaseKurt Kelly. Ku-Fox News (kuphi enye?) UKelly wathi lokhu mayelana nami: 'Ubeke amasosha ethu, namadoda nabesifazane bethu enkambeni ngendlela engalimazi, mhlawumbe ufuna ukuthi bafe.'

"Yebo, Kurt. Ngifisa ukuba bafe: ngokuguga, ekhaya embhedeni, bezungezwe ngabathandekayo babo, emva kokujabulela ama-turkeys amaningi e-Thanksgiving phakathi kwansuku zonke. Futhi ufuna ukuba bafe: endaweni egwadule ekhwabanisayo, amamayela angu-8000 avela ekhaya, eyedwa, ekhamuluka ngosizo, ngomlenze uphuthunyiswe futhi izigulane zabo zilenga izibeletho zabo, ziphuma ekufeni. "

I-Grayson inephuzu. Labo abahluleka "ukusekela amasosha" ngeke basolwa ngokubeka amabutho engozini, ngoba "ukusekela amasosha" kuhlanganisa ngokushiya amasosha engozini. Kodwa abafudumele bayathanda ukukholelwa ukuthi ukuphikisana nempi kuyalingana nokuxoshwa nesitha.

Isigaba: KUPHELA I-ENEMY IYAVELA I-WAR

Ake ucabange ukuthi umuntu ongakholelwa kuNkulunkulu ukhuluma ngempikiswano yokuthi uNkulunkulu ungumbuso ongcwele noma ungumuntu oyedwa. Uma ongakholelwa kuNkulunkulu ephikisa isikhundla esingcwele sobukhosi abathathu, usolwa ngokushesha ngokusekela lo muntu oyedwa, futhi ngokuphambene nalabo abangakwazi ukumboza izingqondo zabo ngokuzethemba ukuthi abafuni ukuthatha uhlangothi olulodwa noma olunye. Kulabo abaphikisana nabo ukulwa kwempi akuqondakali, ukwehluleka ukujabula ngokubomvu, ezimhlophe, nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka kumele kufanelane nokuthokoza kwezinye ifulege. Futhi kulabo abathengisa impi kulaba bantu, ukugqamisa ifulegi laseMelika kunelungelo lokuzikhandla kulesi siphetho.

Ku-1990, uChris Wallace we-ABC News wabuza lowo owayengumengameli weMpi eVietnam William Westmoreland umbuzo olandelayo:

"Sekuyinto engathandeki manje ngoba awuzange ulahlekelwe yiMpi YeVietnam kakhulu emahlathini lapho njengoba wenza emigwaqeni e-United States. Umengameli kanye nePentagon kufanele bakhathazeke kanjani ngalokhu kuhambelana nokuthula okusha? "

Ngalolo hlobo lombuzo, ubani odinga izimpendulo? Impi isiyadayiswa kakade ngaphambi kokuba uvule umlomo wakho.

Ngenkathi oKhongolose uJim McDermott (D., Wa.) NoDavid Bonior (D., Mich.) Bebuza ngempi yase-Iraq ngo-2002, umlobi wephephandaba waseWashington Post uGeorge Will ubhale ukuthi "uSaddam Hussein uthola abasebenzisana nabaseMelika phakathi kwama-Democrats." Lezi zimbiza zempi zazilinganisa ukugxeka impi nokulwa impi - ngasohlangothini lwesitha! Ngakho-ke ukuqeda impi ngoba thina bantu siphikisana nayo kuyinto efanayo nokuhlulwa impi isitha. Izimpi azikwazi ukulahleka noma ziphele. Kumele ziqhutshekwe ngokungapheli ukuze kuzuze amabutho.

Futhi lapho abenzi bempi befuna ukwandisa impi, bawubeka lo mbono njengendlela yokuphela impi, njengoba sizobona esahlukweni sesishiyagalolunye. Kodwa uma kufika isikhathi sokufuna uxhasomali futhi uphoqe iCongressman Obey ukuba unqabe unembeza wakhe, khona-ke ukukhuphuka kubonakala sengathi kuqhubeka nje. Kulula ukukhokhela impi egameni lamabutho ngaphandle lapho ngendlela engalimazi uma kungekho muntu owazi ukuthi yini oyixhasa ngemali empeleni ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amasosha we-30,000 ukujoyina labo asebevele baqashiwe, uma kunjalo ukulahla imali ayikwazi ukucabanga cosha noma yikuphi amabutho ngaphandle kwezibhamu; kungasho ukuthi ngeke ukuthumela amanye amabutho ukujoyina.

Ekupheleni kwe-2009 kanye nokuqala kwe-2010, sasixoxisana kahle nenkululeko yentando yeningi mayelana nokuthi ingabe ikhuphuka impi e-Afghanistan, ingxabano emithonjeni yezinkampani phakathi koMongameli oyiNhloko kanye nabaphathi bayo. I-Congress neyomphakathi yayishiywa kakhulu. KuMongameli we-2009 u-Obama wayesethumele ukukhula okufanayo kungekho mpikiswano nhlobo. Kulo mjikelezo wesibili, uma uMongameli esebenzele abaphathi, omunye wabo uzobe eshayela isenzo esincane sokungaboni ngaso leso sikhathi, abezindaba baqeda indaba, abazange baphinde baphenye, futhi babheka ukuthi ukukhula kwenzelwe. Empeleni, uMongameli waqhubeka futhi waqala ukuthumela amabutho. Futhi amalungu ebandla abafungile aphikisana nokukhula kwawo aqala ukukhuluma ngesidingo sokukhokha "amabutho ensimini." Ngesikhathi izinyanga eziyisithupha seziphelile, kwakungenzeka ukhetho lokuxhasa imali enkulu ngaphandle kokusho lokho kwakungenxa yokukhuphuka nhlobo.

Njengoba nje ukukhuphuka kungachazwa ngokuthi ukuqhutshwa kokusekela-i-troop, ukuqhubeka kwempi kungahle kuguqulwe njengokuhoxiswa. Ngomhla ka-May 1, i-2003, no-Agasti 31, i-2010, abengameli bakaBush no-Obama bamemezela iMpi e-Iraq, noma "impi yokulwa," ngaphezulu. Esimweni ngasinye, impi yaqhubeka. Kodwa impi yayilokhu iqhubeka ngokugcwele ngamabutho njengoba ichitha noma yiziphi izinyathelo zokuba nenhloso ethile ngaphandle kokukhulisa ubukhona bayo.

Isigaba: UKUSEBENZA AMASEBENZI?

Njengoba sibonile esahlukweni sesihlanu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izikhulu zikahulumeni zikhuluma ngani ngamabutho njengesizathu sokuthi zenze isinyathelo, zihluleka ukuthatha isinyathelo sokunakekela abakwa-veterans asebevele bathunyelwe. Ama-veteran wezempi ashiywa esikhundleni sokusekelwa. Kudingeka baphathwe ngenhlonipho futhi batshelwa ngenhlonipho ukuthi asivumelani nalokho abakwenzile, futhi kudingeka bahlinzekwe ngezempilo kanye nemfundo. Kuze sikwazi ukwenza lokho kuzo zonke izilwane eziphilayo, yikuphi ibhizinisi esiye sakha ngaphezulu kwazo? Umgomo wethu, eqinisweni, kufanele ube ukubeka ukuPhathwa kwamaVeterans ngokusebenza ngokuyeka ukwenza ama-veteran.

Kuze kube yileso sikhathi, kufanele kukhulunywe abesilisa nabesifazane abasebasha ukuthi impi ayiyona inqubo yokuhamba phambili emisebenzini. Ama-Ribbon aphuzi nezinkulumo ngeke akhokhe izikweletu zakho noma wenze ukuphila kwakho kugcwalise. Njengoba sibonile esahlukweni sesihlanu, impi akuyona indlela enhle yokuba nesibindi. Kungani ungahambi njengelungu leqembu lokuphuthumayo eliphuthumayo, umshayeli womlilo, umhleli wezabasebenzi, isishoshovu esingenasivunguvungu? Kunezindlela eziningi zokuba nesibindi futhi uthathe izingozi ngaphandle kokubulala imindeni. Cabanga ngabasebenzi be-oliva base-Iraq abavimbela ukubambisana futhi basebenzela inyunyana yabasebenzi ebusweni bokuhlaselwa kwe-US ku-2003. Yibanike amahlombe abo bese bethi, "Qhubekani nidubula." Babenobungozi bokuzimela kwabo kwesizwe sabo. Akusilo lelo qhawe?

Ngiyaqonda isifiso sokusekela labo abakwenzayo imihlatshelo efana nathi, nalabo asebevele benza "umhlatshelo wokugcina," kodwa ezinye izindlela zethu azijabuleli impi eyengeziwe noma ukujoyina isitha, ukudala amaqhawe amaningi noma ukuhlukumeza labo esinakho. Kunezinye izinketho. Ukuthi asicabangi kanjalo nje kuphela umphumela wamathelevishini ethu okungahambisani nemvamisa ngokuvama okukhulu isikhathi eside uqala ukuhogela okunengqondo. UMahamani wamaKhosi uBill Maher wabonisa ukukhathazeka kwakhe ngale ndlela:

"Isikhathi eside kunazo zonke, ukhetho lwamaRiphablikhi luye lwasekelwe enkulumweni ethile ye-bullshit: ifulegi, noma i-flag flag, noma i-Pledge, noma, 'Kusasa eMelika.' UBill Clinton wathola i-blowjob eHhovisi Elivulekile. Futhi uDixie Chicks wamthuka uMengameli Bush emhlabathini wangaphandle. Futhi lapho lokho kwenzeka, kuyabuhlungu imizwa yamabutho ethu. Futhi ukukhanya kukaTinkerbell kuphuma bese efa. Yebo, yebo, uthando lwamabutho ethu, ekugcineni ekuthandweni kobukhohlakele. Uyadlala? Amasosha, siwakhokhela njengama-shit, siwafake futhi siwakhohlise ekuthunyelweni, siwasebenzisa nge-nickel futhi siwadonsela ekunakekelweni kwezempilo lapho befika ekhaya, bangakhulumi ngezimpi ezingenangqondo esizithumela kuzo. Yebo, sithanda amasosha ngendlela uMichael Vick ayithanda ngayo izinja. Uyazi ukuthi ngingase ngizizwe ngixhaswa kanjani uma ngiseqenjini lezilwandle? Uma abantu bebuya ekhaya bekhala bekhala ukuze bangikhiphe kulezi zindlela ezingenalutho. Yileyo ndlela engangizozizwa ngayo ngisekelwa. Kodwa, uyazi, ungagcini umoya wakho kuleyo flaslas ngoba, wazi, lapho iMelika ingena ezweni, sikuthandayo isikhathi eside. Ngokukhululekile, asikaze sishiye, sishiya njengezihlobo zase-Ireland: akunjalo. "

Uma sonke sizihlanza, njengoba uMaher aphethe, inkulumo-ze "yokusekela-the-amasosha", ngeke sisho ukuthi "Yisekela amaqhawe, ulethe amakhaya." Singaqaqa isigamu salo bese sigijimela phambili "Sondeza kubo ekhaya futhi bashushise izigebengu ezithumele zona. "Kumelwe uhambe ngaphandle kokusho ukuthi sifisa amasosha kahle. Lesi esinye sezizathu eziyinhloko esingazifuni ukuba zibulale ngokungazelelwe futhi zife!

Kodwa empeleni asivumelani ngalokho abakwenzayo. Ukudumisa kwethu kugcinwe kulawo masosha abenqaba imiyalo engekho emthethweni futhi aphikisana nomthetho. Futhi siyavuma ukuthi umsebenzi usenziwa ngesibindi nangokuzinikezela okukhulu kwabaseMelika ngamakhulu emisebenzi ngaphandle kwempi. Kufanele sitshele ukuthi siyabasekela kanye ngesikhathi esisodwa. Sonke sihluleka ukwenza lokho, futhi ngenhlanhla asiphikisana ngokuthi sifuna bonke labo bantu bafile, indlela esenza ngayo uma othile ehluleka ukusho ukuthi "Ngisekela amabutho."

Isigaba: UKUSEBENZA I-MASS MURDER?

I-Blogger uJohn Caruso iqoqe uhlu lwezindaba ezibika izinto azizange zisekele ngokukhethekile, izinto ezihlukunyezwayo njengento engathandeki uma sizikhohlisa ekukholweni ukuthi izimpi zilwa namasosha ezilwa nazo. Nayi ingxenye yohlu:

Kusuka eNew York Times:

"Sithole usuku olukhulu," kusho uSergeant Schrumpf. "Sibulale abantu abaningi."

Kodwa ngaphezu kwesisodwa, uSergeant Schrumpf uthe, wabhekana nokukhetha okuhlukile: isosha elilodwa lase-Iraq liphakathi kwabantu ababili noma abathathu. Ukhumbula lesi sigameko esinjalo, lapho yena namanye amadoda e-unit yakhe bavula umlilo. Ukhumbula ukubuka omunye wabesifazane emi eduze nesosha lase-Iraq ehla.

"Ngiyaxolisa," kusho isitatimende. "Kodwa inkukhu yayisendleleni."

Kusuka ku-Newsday:

"Uhlukumezekile, i-raghead, awukwazi ukubona? Le mpi endala ayilona - kimi, "kuhlabelela uLance Cpl. UChristopher Akins, i-21, waseLouisville, uKy., Ukuthukuthela egijima phansi ebusweni bakhe ngesikhathi egwaza umsele othile wamuva ngemuva kwelanga elishisayo.

Ebuzwa ukuthi ubani ocabanga ukuthi u-Akins, u-Akins wathi: "Noma ubani ophikisana ngokuqinile nendlela yase-United States of America. . . Uma ingane encane iphikisana ngokuqinile nendlela yami yokuphila, ngiyombiza ngokuthi i-raghead, futhi. "

Ukusuka e-Las Vegas Review-Journal:

Umsolwa we-20 wenkampani yaseMarine Corps uthe wathola isosha ngemuva komnyama ngaphakathi kwendlu eseduzane nomsakazo we-grenade eduze kwakhe. UCovarrubias uthi ucele lo muntu ukuba ayeke futhi aphenduke.

"Ngangimlandela ngimdubula ngemuva kwekhanda," kusho uCovarrubias. "Kabili."

Ingabe wazizwa ezwa ukuzisola ngokubulala umuntu owayezinikezele kuye? Cha; Eqinisweni, wayethatha ikhadi le-ID yomuntu ngaphandle kwesidumbu sakhe ukuze agcine njengesikhumbuzo.

Kusukela e-Los Angeles Times:

"Ngiyakujabulela ukubulala ama-Iraq," kusho u-Staff Sgt. UWilliam Deaton, i-30, owabulala isosha esinamandla ebusuku ebusuku. UDeaton ulahlekelwe umngane omuhle e-Iraq. "Ngizizwa ngithukuthele, ngizonda lapho ngiphuma khona. Ngizizwa sengathi ngithwala ngaso sonke isikhathi. Sikhuluma ngakho. Sonke sizizwa ngendlela efanayo. "