(Lesi yisigaba 56 se- World Beyond War iphepha elimhlophe I-Global Security System: I-Alternative to War. Qhubeka esandulele | okulandelayo ingxenye.)
(Ngiyacela buyisa lo mlayezo, Futhi ukusekela konke World Beyond Warimikhankaso yezokuxhumana.)
Ngokumangazayo, uma umuntu ebheka eminyakeni engama-200 edlule yomlando, akaboni nje kuphela ukwenziwa kwempi kwezimboni, kodwa futhi nokuthambekela okunamandla maqondana nohlelo lokuthula kanye nokwakhiwa kwesiko lokuthula, inguquko yangempela. Kusukela ngokuvela okokuqala emlandweni wezinhlangano ezizinze kwizakhamizi ezinikele ekuqedeni impi ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19, ukuthambekela okuthile kwe-28 kubonakala ngokusobala okuholela ohlelweni olusathuthukayo lokuthula komhlaba wonke. Lokhu kubandakanya: ukuvela okokuqala kwezinkantolo zamazwe omhlaba (kuqalwa ngeNkantolo Yomhlaba Yezobulungiswa ngonyaka we-1899); izikhungo zamaphalamende zamazwe omhlaba ezilawula impi (i-League ngo-1919 ne-UN ngo-1946); ukusungulwa kwamabutho wamazwe omhlaba wokugcina ukuthula ngaphansi kwesandla se-UN (Blue Helmet) kanye nezinye izinhlangano zamazwe omhlaba njenge-African Union, kufakwe ezingxabanweni eziningi emhlabeni wonke iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50; ukusungulwa komzabalazo ongenabudlova esikhundleni sempi, kuqala ngoGandhi, okwenziwa yiNkosi, kwafezeka emzabalazweni wokuketula uMbuso WamaKhomanisi WaseMpumalanga Yurophu, uMarcos ePhilippines, kanye noMubarak eGibhithe nakwezinye izindawo (kwasetshenziswa ngempumelelo ukulwa namaNazi ); ukusungulwa kwamasu amasha wokuxazulula izingxabano okwaziwa ngokuthi ukuxoxisana okungahambisani nezitha, ukuxoxisana okuzuziwe, noma ukunqoba; ukuthuthukiswa kocwaningo lokuthula kanye nemfundo yokuthula kubandakanya ukusabalala okusheshayo kwezikhungo zocwaningo lokuthula kanye namaphrojekthi kanye nemfundo yokuthula emakhulwini amakolishi nasemayunivesithi emhlabeni jikelele; inhlangano yengqungquthela yokuthula, isb. iWisconsin Institute Annual Student Conference, ingqungquthela yaminyaka yonke yokuwa, ingqungquthela yaminyaka yonke ye-Peace and Justice Studies Association, ingqungquthela ye-International Peace Research Association eyenzeka minyaka yonke, ingqungquthela yokuthula yonyaka iPugwash, nezinye eziningi. Ngaphezu kwale ntuthuko manje sekunomkhakha omkhulu wezincwadi zokuthula - amakhulu ezincwadi, amajenali, kanye nezinkulungwane zezindatshana - nokusabalala kwentando yeningi (kuyiqiniso ukuthi intando yeningi ijwayele ukungalwi); ukuthuthukiswa kwezifunda ezinkulu zokuthula okuzinzile, ikakhulukazi eScandinavia, e-US / Canada / eMexico, eNingizimu Melika, manje naseNtshonalanga Yurophu — lapho impi yangomuso ingacabangeki noma ingenakwenzeka neze; ukwehla kobandlululo nemibuso yobandlululo kanye nokuphela kobukoloniyali bezombusazwe. Empeleni, sibona ukuphela kombuso. Umbuso uba yinto engenakwenzeka ngenxa yempi engenakulinganiswa, ukumelana okungenabudlova, nezindleko zezinkanyezi eziqothula umbuso wobukhosi.
Izingxenye ezengeziwe zalolu shintsho lokuthula zifaka ukuguguleka kobukhosi bezwe: amazwe angabe esakwazi ukugcina abokufika, imibono, isimo somnotho, izidalwa zezifo, imicibisholo ye-ballistic yangaphakathi, imininingwane, njll. Inqubekela phambili ethile ifaka phakathi ukuthuthukiswa kwenhlangano yabesifazane yomhlaba wonke yokufundisa-imfundo futhi amalungelo abesifazane asatshalaliswa ngokushesha ngekhulu le-20th futhi, ngaphandle kokuphawuleka, abesifazane bavame ukukhathalela kakhulu inhlala-kahle yemindeni nomhlaba kunokuba kunjalo ngamadoda. Ukufundisa amantombazane yinto eyodwa ebaluleke kakhulu esingayenza ukuqinisekisa ukuthuthuka kwezomnotho okuzwakalayo. Ezinye izakhi zenguquko kungukunyuka kwenhlangano yomhlaba yokuzinza kwemvelo okuhloswe ngayo ukubambezela nokuqeda ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwemithombo namafutha okwenza ukusweleka, ubuphofu, ukungcola kanye nokubhebhethekisa izingxabano; ukusatshalaliswa kwezinkolo ezenzelwe ukuthula (ubuKristu bukaThomas Merton noJim Wallis, i-Episcopal Peace Fellowship, i-Buddhism ye-Dalai Lama, i-Jewish Peace Fellowship, i-Muslim Peace Fellowship kanye ne-Muslim Voice for Peace); kanye nokukhuphuka komphakathi wamazwe omhlaba kusuka ema-NGOs ambalwa e-1900 kuya emashumini ezinkulungwane namuhla, kwakheka uhlelo olusha lwezomnotho, olusekelwe kwezombusazwe, lwezokuxhumana, kanye nokuxhumana ngokuthula, ubulungiswa, ukulondolozwa kwemvelo, ukuthuthukiswa komnotho okusimeme, amalungelo abantu, ukulawulwa kwezifo, ukufunda nokubhala, namanzi ahlanzekile; ukukhula okusheshayo ngekhulu le-20th lombuso wamazwe omhlaba olawula impi, kufaka phakathi iziVumelwano zeGeneva, izivumelwano ezivimbela amabhomu agqitshwayo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamasosha ezingane, ukuhlolwa komoya ngezikhali zenuzi, ukubeka izikhali zenuzi embhedeni wolwandle, njll .; ukukhuphuka kwenhlangano yamalungelo abantu, eyayingakaze ibonwe ngaphambili kwe1948 (Isimemezelo Somhlaba Wonke Samalungelo Abantu), lapho inganakwa ngokuphelele, manje yinto ejwayelekile yamazwe omhlaba ukuhlukunyezwa kwabantu abaningi emazweni amaningi futhi iletha ukuphendula ngokushesha okuvela kwizifundazwe nama-NGO.
Futhi akunjalo konke. Ukuguqulwa kokuthula kuhlanganisa ukunyakaza kwenhlangano yomhlaba wonke njengenhlangano ye-Earth Summit e-1992 eRio, eyaba khona izinhloko zikahulumeni ze-100, izintatheli ze-10,000 kanye nezakhamizi ze-30,000. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi izingqungquthela zomhlaba jikelele ekuthuthukiseni umnotho, abesifazane, ukuthula, ukufudumala kwezulu, nezinye izihloko kuye kwaqhutshwa, ekwakheni isithangami esisha sokuba abantu abavela emhlabeni wonke bahlangane ukuze babhekane nezinkinga bese benza izixazululo zokubambisana; ukuqhubeka kokuziphendukela kwehlelo lokudibanisa ngezimiso ezinqunywe kahle zokuzivikela komzimba, amahhovisi amahle e-3rd, ukuthunywa okuphakade-konke okuhloswe ukuvumela amazwe ukuba akhulume ngisho nasezimpikiswaneni eziphikisanayo; futhi ukuthuthukiswa kokukhulumisana komhlaba jikelele nge-World Wide Web kanye namafoni kusho ukuthi imibono mayelana nentando yeningi, ukuthula, imvelo kanye namalungelo abantu asakazeka ngokushesha. Ukuguqulwa kokuthula kuhlanganisa nokubonakala koxolo journalism njengoba abalobi kanye abahleli baye bacabanga kakhulu futhi ukugxeka impi inkulumo futhi ngokujulile ukuhlupheka ezibangelwa impi. Mhlawumbe okubaluleke kakhulu ukushintsha isimo sengqondo mayelana nempi, ukwehla okubukhali kulelikhulu leminyaka yesimo sengqondo esidala ukuthi impi iyinhlangano enhle nekhazimulayo. Ngcono kakhulu, abantu bacabanga ukuthi kuyisidingo esingcolile, esinamandla. Ingxenye ekhethekile yale ndaba entsha isakaza ulwazi mayelana nerekhodi yezindlela eziphumelelayo ezingaphephile zokuthula nokwenza ubulungisa.i-note4 Ukuvela kwalesi simiso sokuthula somhlaba jikelele kubangelwa ukuthuthukiswa okukhulu kwenkohlakalo yokuthula.
Nomaphi lapho abantu bebuthana khona ekupheleni kokuzidela, kukhona ukukhushulwa okukhulu kwamandla abo ngabanye. Okuthile okumangalisayo, kwenzeka okuthile okuphawulekayo. Amandla angenakuphikiswa aqala ukuhamba, okuyinto, nakuba singaboni, izoshintsha umhlaba wethu.
U-Eknath Easwaraen (Umholi Womoya)
(Qhubeka kuya esandulele | okulandelayo ingxenye.)
Sifuna ukuzwa kusuka kuwe! (Sicela wabelane ngamazwana ngezansi)
Lokhu kwaholela kanjani wena ukucabanga ngokuhlukile ngezindlela zokulwa nempi?
Yini ongayengeza, noma ushintshe, noma umbuzo ngalokhu?
Yini ongayenza ukusiza abantu abaningi ukuba baqonde ngalezi zindlela zokulwa empini?
Ungathatha kanjani isinyathelo ukuze wenze lokhu okunye empini kube ngokoqobo?
Sicela wabelane ngale ndaba kabanzi!
Okuthunyelwe okuhlobene
Bona ezinye izikhala ezihlobene “Ukwakha Isiko Lokuthula”
Bona ithebula eligcwele lokuqukethwe I-Global Security System: I-Alternative to War
amanothi:
I-4. Lezi zindlela zivezwa ngokujulile kumhlahlandlela wokutadisha "I-Evolution ye-Global Peace System" kanye nedokhumenti emfushane ehlinzekwe yi-War Prevention Initiative. (buyela kusihloko esikhulu)
