Ibhalwe nguLyndal Rowlands, I-Inter Press Service News Agency
– Abadayisi abayisishiyagalolunye kwabayishumi abahamba phambili emhlabeni bezikhali bazohlala eMkhandlwini Wezokuphepha we-UN phakathi kuka-2016 namaphakathi no-2018.
Abayisishiyagalolunye bahlanganisa amalungu amane ashintshanayo - iSpain, i-Ukraine, i-Italy neNetherlands - evela eYurophu, kanye namalungu amahlanu alo mkhandlu ngokugcwele - iChina, iFrance, iRussia, i-United Kingdom ne-United States.
Ngokusho kwe2015 idatha evela ku-Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), la mazwe ayisishiyagalolunye akha amazwe ayishumi ahamba phambili emhlabeni ngokuthumela izikhali kwamanye amazwe. IGermany ikleliswe endaweni yesi-5, iyona kuphela ephuma phambili kwabayi-10 engelona ilungu lakamuva, lamanje noma elingaba yilungu lomkhandlu onamalungu ayi-15.
Kodwa-ke, u-Pieter Wezeman, Umcwaningi Omkhulu Ohlelweni Lokuchithwa Kwezikhali Nezempi e-SIPRI utshele i-IPS ukuthi "akamangalanga nakancane" ukubona abadayisi bezikhali abaningi kangaka emkhandlwini.
“Eqinisweni kuwumsebenzi njengenjwayelo: amalungu amahlanu ahlala unomphela oMkhandlu Wezokuphepha empeleni angamandla ezempi anamandla ngezindlela eziningi,” kusho uWezeman.
Amalungu amabili nje anomphela, i-United States enamaphesenti angama-33 kanye neRussia ngamaphesenti angama-25, yaba ngamaphesenti angama-58 okuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwezikhali emhlabeni wonke ngo-2015, ngokusho kwedatha ye-SIPRI. I-China ne-France bathatha indawo yesithathu neyesine ngamasheya amancane kakhulu angu-5.9 namaphesenti angu-5.6 ngokulandelana.
Isimo samalungu amaningana oMkhandlu Wezokuphepha ajikelezayo njengabathumeli bezikhali ngaphandle kokuthi “sithakazelisa”, kungenzeka kakhulu “kube ngengozi,” kwengeza u-Wezeman.
Izingxabano zamanje e-Yemen nase-Syria zenza izibonelo eziphikisanayo zethonya elihlobene amalungu oMkhandlu Wezokuphepha analo njengabathumeli bezikhali ngaphandle.
"Ezinye zezingqinamba ezinkulu uMkhandlu wezokuPhepha obhekene nazo manje, ikakhulukazi iYemen, ngokwesibonelo, ziye zabangelwa izenzo zamalungu awo ngokudayisa izikhali emaqenjini alwayo," kusho u-Anna Macdonald, uMqondisi Wezokulawula Izikhali etshela i-IPS. .
“Sekuphele unyaka silokhu sibiza njalo ukuthi ukudluliswa kwezikhali eSaudi Arabia kumiswe ngokwesimo senhlekelele yaseYemen, ngenxa yezinga elinzima lokuhlupheka kwabantu okukhona lapho nangenxa yeqhaza elithile elithathwa ukudluliselwa kwezikhali. ukudlala kulokho.”
UMacdonald uthi ukudluliselwa kwezikhali eSaudi Arabia ukuze zisetshenziswe eYemen kwephula kokubili umthetho wobuntu kanye neSivumelwano Sokuhweba Ngezikhali.
Ukucindezela kwasekhaya okuvela ezinhlanganweni zomphakathi, nokho, kubangele ukuthi amanye amazwe aseYurophu, kuhlanganise neSweden azojoyina uMkhandlu Wezokuphepha ngoJanuwari 2017, ukukhawulela ukuthengiswa kwezikhali eSaudi Arabia, kusho uWezeman. ISweden, ezobamba isihlalo somkhandlu kusukela kuMasingana wezi-2017 kuya kuZibandlela wezi-2018, ingena njengezwe elihamba phambili emhlabeni ngezikhali ezili-12.
Nokho-ke ukuthunyelwa kwezikhali kwamanye amazwe okuvela kumalungu oMkhandlu Wezokuphepha akuwona neze umthombo obalulekile wezikhali ezingxabanweni ezicutshungulwa umkhandlu.
Isibonelo, amalungu omkhandlu abelokhu ekhomba ngethemba lokuvinjwa kwezikhali ngokumelene neSouth Sudan isikhathi esiningi sika-2016, nokho-ke izikhali ezisetshenziswa eSouth Sudan azihlobene eduze nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe okuvela kumalungu oMkhandlu Wezokuphepha.
“ISouth Sudan iyizwe elithenga ikakhulukazi izikhali ezishibhile nezilula. Alidingi ithangi eliyimodeli yakamuva, likwazi ukwenza nethangi elineminyaka engu-30 noma engu-40,” kusho uWezeman.
Ngokuka-Wezeman, maningi amathuba okuthi ukucatshangelwa kwezombusazwe esikhundleni sezomnotho kube nomthelela ezinqumweni zamalungu oMkhandlu Wezokuphepha mayelana nokuvinjelwa kwezikhali, njengoba inzuzo yokuthengiswa kwezikhali “ilinganiselwe uma iqhathaniswa nomnotho wawo wonke.”
"Izifundazwe eziningi ezingaphansi kwesivumelwano se-UN ngezikhali ngokuvamile amazwe ampofu lapho izimakethe zanoma yini, okuhlanganisa nezikhali, zingezinkulu kakhulu," engeza.
Sekukonke, nokho u-Macdonald uthi amalungu oMkhandlu wezokuPhepha anomthwalo wemfanelo okhethekile ekugcineni ukuthula nokuvikeleka kwamazwe ngamazwe, futhi lokhu kudlulela nakumthwalo wawo wokuba ngabadayisi bezikhali kwamanye amazwe.
"Ngokusobala singacaphuna I-Athikili ye-UN ye-UN: ukukhuthaza ukugcinwa kokuthula ngokuphambukisa izikhali okuncane kakhulu," kusho yena.
"Singaphikisa ngokuthi u-1.3 trillion okwamanje owabelwe izindleko zezempi awuhambisani nomoya noma incwadi yomthetho-sisekelo we-UN," wengeza, ephawula ukuthi lokhu kungaphezulu kakhulu kunalokho obekungabiza ukuqeda ubumpofu obudlulele.
