Ibhalwe nguDaniel Hunter, Ukuguquka Ukungaboni, Februwari 28, i-2022
Abantu base-Ukrainian abangahlomile abashintsha izimpawu zomgwaqo, amathangi avimbile futhi babhekane namasosha aseRussia bakhombisa ubuqhawe babo nobuhlakani bamasu.
Ngokubikezelwa, iningi lamaphephandaba aseNtshonalanga ligxile ekuphikiseni izikhulu zase-Ukraine noma kwezempi ekuhlaseleni kweRussia, njengokuhlonyiswa kwezikhali kwezakhamizi ezijwayelekile ukuze zigade futhi zivikele.
La mabutho asevele akhombisa ukuthi anamandla kunalokho obekulindelwe nguMengameli waseRussia uVladimir Putin futhi aphazamisa izinhlelo zakhe ngesibindi esikhulu. Thatha U-Yaryna Arieva no-Sviatoslav Fursin abashade phakathi kwamasiren okuhlasela emoyeni. Ngemva nje kwezifungo zabo zomshado baqhubeka nokubhalisa ne-Territorial Defence Centre yendawo ukuze bavikele izwe labo.
Umlando ubonisa ukuthi ukumelana ngempumelelo nomphikisi onamandla kwezempi ngokuvamile kudinga ukumelana nenhlobonhlobo, okuhlanganisa nalabo abangahlomile - indima evamise ukunakwa kancane, kokubili ngabezindaba abavamile kanye nabaphikisana namandla ahlanya.
Kodwa-ke, njengoba ukuhlasela kukaPutin ngokushesha e-Ukraine kushiye ukushaqeka okukhulu, abantu base-Ukraine bakhombisa ukuthi yini abantu abangahlomile abangayenza ukuze bamelane nayo.
Uphawu lomgwaqo owenziwe nge-photoshop olunomyalezo osikiselwa uhulumeni wase-Ukraine oya kubantu baseRussia: “Fuck you.”
Kwenze kube nzima kubahlaseli
Njengamanje, incwadi yokudlala yamasosha aseRussia ibonakala igxile kakhulu ekucekeleni phansi ingqalasizinda yezempi nepolitiki e-Ukraine. Amasosha aleli zwe kanye nezakhamizi ezisanda kuhloma, njengoba zingamaqhawe, yizinto ezaziwayo eRussia. Njengoba nje abezindaba baseNtshonalanga bekushaya indiva ukumelana nezakhamuzi okungahlomile, amasosha aseRussia abonakala engakulungele futhi engakwazi nalokhu, nawo.
Njengoba abantu bedlula ukushaqeka kwezinsuku ezimbalwa ezedlule, yile ngxenye engahlomile yokumelana ekhula ngamandla. Isikhungo semigwaqo yase-Ukraine, i-Ukravtodor, sicele "zonke izinhlangano zemigwaqo, imiphakathi yezindawo, ohulumeni basekhaya ukuthi baqale ngokushesha ukudiliza izimpawu zomgwaqo eziseduze." Bakugcizelele lokhu ngophawu lomgwaqo onguthelawayeka oyi-photoshop oqanjwe kabusha ngokuthi: “Fuck you” “Fuck you again” kanye nokuthi “To Russia fuck you.” Imithombo ingitshela ukuthi izinguqulo zalokhu zenzeka empilweni yangempela. (The New York Times ine kubikwe ngezinguquko zezimpawu kanjalo.)
Yona leyo nhlangano yakhuthaza abantu ukuthi “bavimbe isitha ngazo zonke izindlela ezitholakalayo.” Abantu basebenzisa ama-cranes ukuhambisa amabhlogo usimende endleleni, noma izakhamuzi ezivamile zenza izikhwama zesihlabathi ukuvala imigwaqo.
Isitolo sezindaba sase-Ukraine i-HB yabonisa insizwa ethile isebenzisa umzimba wayo ukuze ivimbe uhide lwebutho lamasosha njengoba lalizulazula emigwaqweni. Ikhumbuza “Indoda Yethangi” yase-Tiananmen Square, le ndoda yangena phambi kwamaloli agijima ngesivinini, yawaphoqa ukuba ajike ngakuyo futhi aphume emgwaqeni. Engahlomile futhi engavikelekile, isenzo sakhe siwuphawu lwesibindi nobungozi.
Indoda yase-Ukraine engahlomile ivimbe ithangi laseRussia e-Bakhmach. (Twitter/@christogrozev)
Lokhu kwananelwa futhi ngomunye umuntu waseBakhmach naye, ngokufanayo, abeke umzimba wakhe phambi kwamathange anyakazayo futhi ephindelela phezu kwabo. Kodwa-ke, kubonakale abalandeli abaningi beqopha ividiyo, kodwa bengabambi iqhaza. Lokhu kufanele kuqashelwe ngoba - uma kwenziwa ngokuqaphela - lezi zinhlobo zezenzo zingakhelwa phezu kwazo ngokushesha. Ukumelana okuhambisanayo kungasabalala futhi kusuke ezenzweni ezingazodwa ezikhuthazayo kuye ezenzweni eziwujuqu ezikwazi ukuphikisa ibutho elithuthukayo.
Imibiko yakamuva kakhulu yenkundla yezokuxhumana ikhombisa lokhu kubambisana okuhlangene. Kumavidiyo okwabelwana ngawo, imiphakathi engahlomile ibheke phansi amathangi aseRussia ngempumelelo esobala. Kulokhu ukungqubuzana okurekhodiwe okumangalisayo, isibonelo, amalungu omphakathi ahamba kancane ebheke emathangeni, evule izandla, futhi ikakhulukazi ngaphandle kwamagama. Umshayeli wethangi akanakho ukugunyazwa noma intshisekelo yokuvula umlilo. Bakhetha ukuhlehla. Lokhu kuyaphindwa emadolobheni amancane kulo lonke elase-Ukraine.
Lezi zenzo zomphakathi zivame ukwenziwa amaqembu ahlobene - amaseli amancane abangane abanomqondo ofanayo. Ngokunikezwa kwamathuba engcindezelo, amaqembu ahlobene angakha izindlela zokuxhumana (kucatshangwa ukuthi isevisi ye-inthanethi/amaselula izovalwa) futhi agcine izinga lokuhlela okuqinile. Emisebenzini yesikhathi eside, lawa maseli angase avele kumanethiwekhi akhona - izikole, amasonto/ama-mosque nezinye izikhungo.
UGeorge Lakey ubeka icala lokungasebenzisani okuphelele kwe-Ukraine nebutho elihlaselayo, ecaphuna iCzechoslovakia, lapho ngo-1968 abantu baqamba kabusha izimpawu. Kwesinye isenzakalo, amakhulu abantu ababenezikhali ezixhumene avala ibhuloho elikhulu amahora amaningi kwaze kwaba yilapho amathangi aseSoviet ephenduka ehlehla.
Indikimba yayiwukungasebenzisani nhlobo lapho kungenzeka khona. Udinga amafutha? Cha. Udinga amanzi? Cha. Udinga izikhombisi-ndlela? Nazi ezingalungile.
Amasosha acabanga ukuthi ngenxa yokuthi anezibhamu angathola indlela yawo nezakhamuzi ezingahlomile. Isenzo ngasinye sokungabambisani sifakazela ukuthi banephutha. Ukumelana ngakunye kwenza yonke inhloso encane yabahlaseli ibe yimpi enzima. Ukufa ngamanxeba ayinkulungwane.
Awazi lutho ukubambisana
Ngaphambi nje kokuhlasela, umcwaningi uMaciej Mathias Bartkowski ishicilele isihloko ngedatha ehlakaniphile yokuzibophezela kwe-Ukranian ekungasebenzini. Waphawula inhlolovo “ngemva nje kwenguquko ye-Euromaidan kanye nokuthunjwa kweCrimea nesifunda saseDonbas ngamasosha aseRussia, lapho kwakulindeleke ukuthi umbono womphakathi wase-Ukraine uvune kakhulu ukuvikela izwe labo ngezikhali.” Abantu babuzwa ukuthi yini ababeyoyenza uma kwenzeka impi yangaphandle edolobheni labo.
Iningi lithe lizongenela impi yombango (amaphesenti angama-26), ngaphambi nje kwamaphesenti alungele ukuthatha izikhali (amaphesenti angama-25). Abanye bekuyingxube yabantu abangazi nje (amaphesenti angu-19) noma abathi bazosuka/bathuthele kwesinye isifunda.
Abantu base-Ukraniya bakubeke kwacaca ukulungela kwabo ukumelana. Futhi lokho akufanele kumangaze kubantu abajwayelene nomlando oziqhenyayo wase-Ukraine nesiko. Iningi linezibonelo zesimanje zenkumbulo yakamuva - njengoba kulandiswa kudokhumentari yeNetflix ethi "Winter on Fire" mayelana 2013-2014 Maidan Revolution noma Izinsuku eziyi-17 zokumelana nokuketula uhulumeni wabo okhohlakele ngo-2004, njengoba kulandiswa ifilimu ye-International Centre on Nonviolent Conflict ethi “I-Orange Revolution. "
Esinye seziphetho eziyinhloko zikaBartkowski: “Inkolelo kaPutin yokuthi abantu base-Ukraine bangancamela ukugoduka bangenzi lutho lapho bebhekene nodlame lwezempi ingase ibe ukubala kwakhe okungalungile okukhulu nokumba eqolo kwezombusazwe.”
Yenza buthaka ukuzimisela kwamasosha aseRussia
Ngokujwayelekile, abantu bakhuluma “ngamasosha aseRussia” njengokungathi yisidleke esinomqondo owodwa. Kodwa empeleni wonke amasosha akhiwe ngabantu abanezindaba zabo, okubakhathazayo, amaphupho namathemba abo. Izobunhloli zikahulumeni waseMelika, obekunembe ngokumangazayo kulo mzuzu, zigomele ngokuthi uPutin akazange azifeze izinhloso zakhe ngalesi sigaba sokuqala sokuhlasela.
Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi isimilo sezempi saseRussia singanyakaziswa kancane ngenxa yokumelana asebekubonile. Akukona ukuwina okusheshayo okulindelekile. Ekuchazeni ikhono Ukraine ukubamba airspace yayo, isibonelo, the New York Times iphakamise uhla lwezici: ibutho eselimnkantshubomvu, izinhlelo zokuvikela umoya ezihambayo kanye okungenzeka ukuthi uhlakaniphile waseRussia, ebonakale ishaya izinhloso ezindala, ezingasetshenzisiwe.
Kepha uma amabutho ahlomile ase-Ukraine eqala ukuntengantenga, kuthiwani?
I-Moral ingase ihlehle ibheke kubahlaseli baseRussia. Noma bangazithola sebehlangabezana nokuphikiswa okwengeziwe.
Umkhakha wokumelana okungenabudlova unzima ngezibonelo zokuthi ukuziphatha kwamasosha kuncipha kanjani lapho ebhekene nokuphikiswa isikhathi eside, ikakhulukazi lapho izakhamuzi zibheka amasosha njengenziwe ngabantu abangasebenzisana nabo.
Thatha ugqozi kusuka lesi salukazi esimi phansi amasosha aseRussia e Henychesk, Kherson esifundeni. Elule izingalo esondela emasosheni, ewatshela ukuthi awafunwa lapha. Afake isandla ephaketheni lakhe akhiphe izinhlamvu zikabhekilanga azame ukuzifaka ekhukhwini lesosha, ethi izimbali zizokhula uma amasosha efa kulo mhlaba.
Uhileleke ekubhekaneni nokuziphatha kwabantu. Isosha alikhululekile, licasukile futhi alithandi ukuhlanganyela naye. Kodwa uhlala ephusha, ephikisana futhi engenangqondo.
Nakuba singawazi umphumela walesi simo, izazi ziye zaphawula ukuthi lezi zinhlobo zokusebenzisana okuphindaphindiwe zilolonga kanjani ukuziphatha kwamabutho aphikisayo. Abantu abasembuthweni ngokwabo bayizidalwa ezinyakazayo futhi bangenza ukuzimisela kwabo kube buthaka.
Kwamanye amazwe lokhu kuqonda kwamasu kufakazelwe ukuthi kunamandla okubangela ukuvukela umbuso okukhulu. Intsha yaseSerbia e-Otpor yayihlale ithi kubaphikisi babo bezempi, “Nizoba nethuba lokujoyina nathi.” Bazosebenzisa ingxube yamahlaya, ukugxeka kanye namahloni ukuze baqondise. EPhilippines, izakhamuzi zazungeza amasosha futhi zawathela ngemikhuleko, ukunxusa nezimbali eziwumfanekiso ezibhamini zawo. Esimweni ngasinye, ukuzibophezela kwaba nemiphumela emihle, njengoba izingxenye ezinkulu zamabutho enqaba ukudubula.
Embhalweni wakhe obaluleke kakhulu “Ukuvikela Okusekelwe Kubantu,” uGene Sharp wachaza amandla ezihlubuki - kanye nekhono lezakhamuzi lokuzibangela. "Izihlubuki nokungathembeki kwamasosha ekucindezelweni kwemibhikisho yaseRussia eyayingenalo udlame yango-1905 nangoFebhuwari 1917 kwakuyizici ezibaluleke kakhulu ekwehliseni amandla nasekuweni kokugcina kombuso we-tsar."
Izihlubuki ziyanda njengoba ukuphikiswa kuziqondisa kubo, bezama ukubukela phansi umuzwa wabo wokuba semthethweni, ukuncenga ubuntu babo, ukungena ngokuphikiswa okude, nokuzibophezela, nokudala ukulandisa okucindezelayo kokuthi amandla ahlaselayo akuwona nje owalapha.
Imifantu emincane isivele iyavela. NgoMgqibelo, ePerevalne, eCrimea, I-Euromaidan Press yabika ukuthi “ingxenye yabaseRussia ababebuthiwe yabaleka futhi yayingafuni ukulwa.” Ukuntuleka kokubumbana okuphelele kuwubuthakathaka obusebenzisekayo - obunye buyanda lapho izakhamizi zenqaba ukululaza ubuntu futhi zenze imizamo yokubanqoba.
Ukumelana kwangaphakathi kuyingxenye nje
Impela ukumelana nezakhamuzi kuyingxenye enkulu yezombangazwe ezembulekayo.
Okwenzeka eRussia kubaluleke kakhulu. Mhlawumbe abaningi Kuboshwe ababhikishi abamelene nempi abangu-1,800 ngenkathi bebhikisha kulo lonke elaseRussia. Isibindi sabo kanye nobungozi kungase kunikeze ibhalansi enciphisa isandla sikaPutin. Okungenani, kudala isikhala esengeziwe sokwenza omakhelwane babo base-Ukraine babe ngabantu.
Imibhikisho emhlabeni wonke yengeze ingcindezi kohulumeni ukuthi baphinde bajeziswe. Lokhu kungenzeka kube nomthelela esinqumweni sakamuva se- I-EU, UK kanye ne-US ukususa ukufinyelela kweRussia - okuhlanganisa nebhange layo eliphakathi - ku-SWIFT, inethiwekhi yomhlaba wonke yezikhungo zamabhange ezingu-11,000 XNUMX zokushintshana ngemali.
Inombolo edidayo yokuduba kwezinkampani emikhiqizweni yaseRussia ibizwe yimithombo eyahlukene futhi eminye yayo isengazuza isivinini. Kakade enye ingcindezi yezinkampani iyakhokha nge-Facebook ne-Youtube ukuvimbela imishini ye-propaganda yaseRussia efana ne-RT.
Nokho lokhu kwenzeka, abezindaba abavamile ngeke kuthenjelwe kubo ukuze baphakamise izindaba zokuphikiswa kwabantu. Lawo maqhinga namasu kungase kudingeke ukuthi kwabelwane ngawo ezinkundleni zokuxhumana nakwezinye iziteshi.
Sizohlonipha isibindi sabantu base-Ukraine, njengoba sihlonipha labo abamelana ne-imperialism ngezindlela eziningi emhlabeni wonke namuhla. Ngoba okwamanje, ngenkathi uPutin ebonakala ebabala - ngokuzifaka engcupheni yakhe - isikhali esiyimfihlo sase-Ukraine sokumelana nezakhamuzi ezingahlomile sisaqala ukufakazela ubuqhawe kanye nobuhlakani baso.
Inothi loMhleli: Isigaba esimayelana namalungu omphakathi abhekane namathangi ahlehlayo sengezwe ngemuva kokushicilelwa., njengoba kwakubhekiselwa ku- New York Times ukubika ngezimpawu zomgwaqo ezishintshwayo.
