Ibhalwe ngu-Ian Cobain, Misa i-War Coalition
Isinqumo senkantolo yobugebengu yamazwe ngamazwe sokuphenya izinsolo zamacala empi sibeka i-UK phakathi kwamazwe afana neCentral African Republic, Colombia ne-Afghanistan.
U-Baha Mousa, umamukeli wehhotela lase-Iraqi wahlukunyezwa waze wabulawa amasosha aseBrithani ngo-2003.
Izinsolo zokuthi amasosha aseBrithani abhekene nochungechunge lwamacala empi kulandela ukuhlasela Iraq zizohlolwa ngabakwa inkantolo yobugebengu yamazwe ngamazwe (ICC) eHague, izikhulu zimemezele.
Inkantolo izohlola amacala acishe abe ngu-60 asolwa ngokubulala ngokungemthetho kanye nezinsolo zokuthi bangaphezu kuka-170 abantu base-Iraq abahlukunyezwayo ngesikhathi beseBritish. wezempi ukugcinwa.
Izikhulu zezokuvikela zaseBrithani ziyazethemba ukuthi i-ICC ngeke idlulele esigabeni esilandelayo futhi imemezele uphenyo olusemthethweni, ikakhulukazi ngoba i-UK inamandla okuphenya izinsolo ngokwayo.
Kodwa-ke, lesi simemezelo silimaza isithunzi samasosha, njengoba i-UK kuwukuphela kwezwe lasentshonalanga elibhekane nophenyo lokuqala e-ICC. Isinqumo senkantolo sibeka i-UK enkampanini emazweni afana neCentral African Republic, Colombia kanye ne-Afghanistan.
Esitatimendeni, i-ICC ithe: “Ulwazi olusha olutholwe yihhovisi lusola umthwalo wezikhulu zase-United Kingdom ngamacala ezimpi ahlanganisa ukuhlukunyezwa okuhleliwe kweziboshwa e-Iraq kusukela ngo-2003 kuze kube ngu-2008.
"Ukuhlolwa kokuqala okuvulwe kabusha kuzocubungula, ikakhulukazi, amacala okusolwa ukuthi ahlobene namasosha ase-United Kingdom asakazwa e-Iraq phakathi kuka-2003 no-2008.
Ephendula kulesi sinqumo, ummeli-jikelele, uDominic Grieve, uthe uhulumeni uyasichitha izinsolo zokuthi kunokuhlukunyezwa okuhleliwe okwenziwa amasosha aseBrithani e-Iraq.
"Amasosha aseBrithani angamanye ahamba phambili emhlabeni futhi silindele ukuthi asebenze ngezinga eliphezulu kakhulu, ngokuhambisana nomthetho wasekhaya nowamazwe ngamazwe," esho. "Ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwami iningi lamasosha ethu ahlomile ahlangabezana nalezi zinto ezilindelwe."
UGrieve wengeze ngokuthi nakuba lezi zinsolo sezivele "ziphenywa kabanzi" e-UK "uhulumeni wase-UK ubelokhu, futhi usengumsekeli oqinile we-ICC futhi ngizohlinzeka ihhovisi lomshushisi nganoma yini edingekayo ukuze kuboniswe ukuthi ubulungiswa baseBrithani kulandela inkambo yayo efanele”.
Uphenyo luphinde lusho ukuthi ithimba lamaphoyisa aseBrithani elibhekele ukuphenya lezi zinsolo, kanye ne-Service Prosecuting Authority (SPA), ebhekele ukuletha amacala ezinkantolo ezinkantolo, kanye noGrieve, okumele bathathe isinqumo esingujuqu mayelana nokushushiswa kwamacala empi. I-UK, sonke singalindela ukubhekana nezinga elithile lokucutshungulwa okuvela eThe Hague.
Sekusele izinsukwana ngaphambi kokhetho lwase-Europe lapho iqembu le-UK Independence (Ukip) okulindeleke ukuthi lenze kahle - ngokwengxenye ngenxa yokungabaza kwalo ngezikhungo zase-Europe ezifana ne-ICC - isinqumo senkantolo singase sidale izinxushunxushu ezinkulu zezombusazwe.
Isinqumo somshushisi omkhulu we-ICC, UFatou Bensouda, senziwa ngemuva kokuba isikhalazo sifakwe ngoJanuwari yi-NGO yamalungelo abantu ezinze eBerlin I-European Center for Constitutional and Human Rights, kanye nenkampani yabameli yaseBirmingham Abameli Abanentshisekelo Yomphakathi (PIL), ebimele umndeni ka Baha Musa, umamukeli wehhotela wase-Iraqi owahlukunyezwa waze wabulawa amasosha ase-British ngo-2003, futhi kusukela lapho ebemele inqwaba yamanye amadoda nabesifazane ababeboshiwe futhi okusolakala ukuthi baphathwa kabi.
Inqubo yokuhlolwa kokuqala ingathatha iminyaka eminingana.
Inhloko esanda kuqokwa ye-SPA, u-Andrew Cayley QC - osenesipiliyoni seminyaka engu-20 sokushushisa ezinkantolo zamacala empi eCambodia naseThe Hague - uthe unethemba lokuthi i-ICC izogcina iphethe ngokuthi i-UK kumele iqhubeke nokuphenya lezi zinsolo. .
UCayley uthe i-SPA "ngeke inyakaze" ekushushiseni, uma ubufakazi buyakuthethelela. Ubuye wengeza ngokuthi ubengalindele ukuthi kukhona izakhamizi - izikhulu noma ongqongqoshe - abazoshushiswa.
Noma yibuphi ubugebengu bempi obenziwa ngamasosha aseBrithani noma abesifazane besifazane kuyicala ngaphansi komthetho wamaNgisi ngenxa yegama elithi I-International Criminal Court Yenza i-2001.
I-ICC isibubonile ubufakazi obukhomba ukuthi amasosha aseBrithani enze ubugebengu bempi e-Iraq, ephetha ngemuva kokuthola isikhalazo sangaphambilini ngo-2006: "Kwakunesisekelo esizwakalayo sokukholelwa ukuthi ubugebengu obungaphakathi kwenkantolo benziwe, okungukuthi ukubulala ngamabomu kanye ukuphathwa ngonya.” Ngaleso sikhathi inkantolo iphethe ngokuthi akumele ithathele izinyathelo ngoba bekunezinsolo ezingaphansi kuka-20.
Maningi amanye amacala avele eminyakeni yamuva nje. Njengamanje, i- Ithimba Lezinsolo Zomlando wase-Iraq (IHAT), indikimba eyasungulwa nguMnyango Wezokuvikela ukuze iphenye izikhalo ezivela ekuthatheni amasosha aseBrithani iminyaka emihlanu eningizimu-mpumalanga yezwe, ihlola izikhalazo ezingama-52 zokubulawa okungekho emthethweni okubandakanya ukufa kwabantu abangama-63 kanye nezinsolo ezingama-93 zokungaphathwa kahle okubandakanya. 179 abantu. Izinsolo zokubulala ngokungemthetho zihlanganisa inqwaba yabantu abashonele esitokisini kanti izikhalo zokungaphathwa kahle zisukela ekuhlukunyezweni kancane kuye ekuhlushweni.
I-PIL wahoxisa izinsolo ngokubulala okungekho emthethweni okwavela esigamekweni esisodwa, impi yomlilo ngoMeyi 2004 eyaziwa ngokuthi yimpi kaDanny Boy, nakuba uphenyo lusaqhubeka nokuhlola izinsolo zokuthi idlanzana lamavukela-mbuso aboshwa ngaleso sikhathi laphathwa kabi.
I-ICC izocubungula izinsolo ezihlukene, ikakhulukazi kulabo ababekade beboshiwe e-Iraq.
Ngemuva kokushona kuka-Baha Mousa, isosha elilodwa, u-corporal uDonald Payne, uvumile ukuthi unecala lokuphatha iziboshwa ngendlela engenabuntu futhi wagqunywa ejele unyaka owodwa. Waba yisosha lokuqala nelokuphela kwakhe laseBrithani ukuvuma ubugebengu bempi.
Kwaba namanye amasosha ayisithupha ukhululekile. Ijaji lithole ukuthi uMoussa namanye amadoda ambalwa bake bahlaselwa uchungechunge lwamahora angu-36, kodwa amacala amaningi ahoxisiwe ngenxa “yokuvalwa kwezikhundla”.
I-MoD avume kuMnandi eminyakeni emine edlule ukuthi okungenani kwashona ezinye izakhamuzi zase-Iraqi eziyisikhombisa zivalelwe amasosha ase-UK. Kusukela lapho, akekho oseke wabekwa icala noma washushiswa.
Source: The Guardian
