Ishicilelwe ekuqaleni I-Counterpunch Volume 24 Inombolo 3
Umbono wokuthi i-United States inenkinga ngenkulumo-ze yempi ivamise ukuklwejwa ngendlela engalungile ngendaba yokuthi i-U.S. isungule i-ejensi entsha yenkulumo-ze, njenge-Global Engagement Center, noma iqashe inkampani, efana Lincoln Group, ukutshala izihloko kwabezindaba zangaphandle. Noma sizofunda umbiko wokuthi ojenene bangaphambili bacosha ngasese amaphuzu abo okukhuluma ku-Pentagon kanye nemali engenayo ezinkampanini zezikhali ngenkathi bebonakala njengabahlaziyi benhloso kuthelevishini. Noma ngezikhathi ezithile sizozwa ukuqashelwa ukuthi amanye amanga asobala noma aphikiswa (njengalawo amayelana ne-Iraq ngo-2003) ayewumphumela wokushelela okunenhloso enhle.
Kodwa sikuchaza kanjani ukwehluleka kwanoma iyiphi ingxenye ebalulekile yabantu bezwe langaphandle abahilelekile ukuqala ukukholelwa izihloko ezitshaliwe? Umphakathi wase-U.S. wawuzobakholelwa. Zanyatheliswa ephephandabeni futhi zazibukeka zisemthethweni ngokuphelele. Sichaza kanjani ukuthi ojenene bangaphambili ngokuthula abahlukaniseki kunoma yimuphi omunye “ochwepheshe” abaxoxa ngezindaba zangaphandle ku-CNN? Uma labo abafumbathiswayo ukuze bakhuthaze impi bezwakala njengawo wonke umuntu, ingabe ukufumbathisa inkinga eyinhloko? Sivumelana kanjani nesiphakamiso sikaMongameli uGeorge W. Bush sangaphambi kwempi kuTony Blair sokuthi bapende indiza ngemibala ye-UN futhi bayindikise phansi ngethemba lokuthi izodutshulwa, noma amazwi akhe angemva kwempi angazange ngempela ayenze. kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiziphi izimangalo ezenziwe ngoSaddam Hussein zaziyiqiniso noma cha? Uma lokho kuwukushelela okunenhloso enhle, bunjani ububi obuphumayo?
Ngenkathi i-Rendon Group yenza indaba yokuhlenga ngobuqhawe buka-Jessica Lynch, kwakubukeka njengawo wonke amamuvi e-Hollywood enziwe ngokubambisana ne-Pentagon, futhi cishe njengawo wonke amamuvi we-Hollywood enziwe ngaphandle kwanoma yikuphi okokufaka. Lapho uDonald Trump esabisa ngokuqhumisa abanye abantu ngebhomu, "izintatheli" ezithandana naye ziwela ekubambeleleni endimeni evamile, elindelekile, neyamukelekayo.
Kungenzeka yini ukuthi sidinga uhlelo olunezinyathelo ezingu-12 oluqala ngokuqaphela inkinga ejule, kukhishwe izinyathelo ezingu-7 ezilingana nokuthembela kunkulunkulu ukuze ahlanze ukungcola kwethu?
Ngicabanga kanjalo. Ngicabanga ukuthi ukukholelwa emangeni empi kuwumlutha, nokuthi labo ababanjiwe abakwenzi kangako ngenxa yekhwalithi yamanga ngenxa yesimo sokukholelwa kubo. Amanga ezimpi akhona iminyaka eyinkulungwane. Ngabhala incwadi ngibahlukanisa ngezigaba, ebizwa Impi Ngamanga. Kepha kungani impi kaColin Powell ilele eNhlanganweni Yezizwe ibukeke njengenkohliso esobala emhlabeni wonke futhi ibonakale inesizotha futhi ikholisa abaningi kangaka e-United States? Impumelelo yenkulumo-ze yempi ayinqunywa ngokuyinhloko izinga lenkulumo-ze, njengoba nje izinga lokuluthwa yizidakamizwa linqunywa ngokuyinhloko izinga lezidakamizwa ezitholakalayo. Kunalokho, njengoba ucwaningo olunengqondo nesayensi lubonisa, izimo zengqondo eziyisisekelo ezikhiqizwa izinqubo zemfundo eziyisisekelo zenza abantu bakholelwe noma bangakholelwa emangeni empi.
Ake siqale ngokusobala. Ukukholelwa ekuthetheleleni impi akunangqondo obala. Ngokungafani neminye imibuzo yenkolelo, lapho abantu besikhuthaza ukuthi sicabangele amaqiniso, ngempi sivame ukukhuthazwa ukuba sikholwe njengendaba yomsebenzi, ukulalela, ukuthanda izwe kanye nokuba yisakhamuzi. Abagqugquzeli bempi bakhanga ngokungenamahloni kunoma yikuphi ukuthambekela okukhona kokukholelwa ngokuyala. Ukuphikelela ekubuyekezeni amaqiniso odaba ngokuvamile kubonakala njengokusekela isitha esimisiwe empini efiswayo. Ukucela ubufakazi bokuthi iSyria yasebenzisa izikhali zamakhemikhali noma iRussia yahlasela i-Ukraine noma iLibya yasongela isibhicongo akuhlangatshezwana nokwethulwa kobufakazi kaningi njengecala lokukholelwa ukuthi uhulumeni waseSyria, waseRussia, noma waseLibya uwukubonakaliswa okungcwele kwezulu okufanele. ukusizwa emgomweni wayo wesikhathi eside wokuhlaba zonke izakhamizi zase-U.S.
Lapho othile esola inkampani yekhofi i-Starbucks ngokungasekeli impi, inkampani yaya kuyo ubude obukhulu ukufakazela ukuthi isekela “amasosha” nokuhlanganisa lokho nokusekela impi, ngaphandle kokusho nokuncane ukuthethelelwa noma ukuzuza empini. Njengoba ukuhlanganyela okungenangqondo kulindelekile kumalungu ezempi, ukwesekwa kwempi ngokungacabangi kuwumsebenzi wanoma yiliphi ibhizinisi elingafisi ukubhekana nolaka lwabashisekeli bempi. Ebuzwa ukuthi kungani inesitolo sekhofi ekamu lokuhlushwa laseMelika eGuantanamo, abakwaStarbucks baphendule ngokuthi ukungabi naso kuyosho isitatimende sezepolitiki.
Ubufakazi obengeziwe bokuthi ukukholelwa emangeni empi ngokuvamile akunangqondo butholakala ekunganakeni okuphelele kwabenzi bempi nabasekeli bempi ngemiphumela, isifiso sokuqhumisa izinto ngenjongo yokuziqhumisa. Impi yokusiza abantu, uma into enjalo yayikhona, ingacabangela izindleko zomuntu zempi futhi ibale ukuthi zingase zedlulwe kanjani ngenye inzuzo yomuntu ecatshangelwayo yempi. Esikhundleni salokho, ngisho nokwazi izindleko zempi kubhekwa kabanzi njengesidingo sokuqeda impi kanye nokuphikiswa kokuthi uke wayiqala. "Asikwenzi izibalo zomzimba!" kuchaza uGeneral Tommy Franks.
Isinqumo esiphusile sokulahla ibhomu elikhulu e-Afghanistan kungaba yingxenye yohlelo oluthile lokufeza okuthile noma okunye ngaphandle kokulahla ibhomu. Ngenkathi u-Hillary Clinton ehleka ngokubulala u-Muamar Gadaffi, wayengavezi isinqumo esithile esiphusile sobubi obudingekayo ukuze kube nokuhle kakhulu, kodwa isifiso esingenangqondo - futhi imiphumela kubantu baseLibya nomhlaba wonke kufanele ilahlwe. Ngenkathi uMadeleine Albright ethi ukubulala isigamu sesigidi sezingane "kwakufanelekile" wayesho ngokucacile ukuthi noma yini "ikufanele," hhayi ukuthi wayethole indlela yokusindisa izingane ezingu-500,001 noma ngaphezulu ngokubulala i-500,000 yazo. Lapho uDonald Trump ehlongoza ukubulala imindeni eminingi, akungenxa yokuthi kukhona noma yibuphi ubufakazi banoma yini ewusizo noma eyinzuzo evela kuleso senzo. Iphuzu liwukuba kubulawe imindeni eminingi, noma okungenani ukuqala ukukhuluma kabanzi ngayo yonke imindeni ebulawayo.
Amanga empi awamukelwa nje kuphela njengendaba yomsebenzi, kodwa akhonjwa njengendaba yokuziqhenya ngomqondo womuntu siqu. Inkululeko ayikhululekile, le mibala ayisebenzi, ngisekela amasosha, futhi lobu buchopho ngeke bubekezelele ukuphikiswa kokubulawa kwabantu abaningi lapho lobo bugebengu obungcwele benziwa amasosha ase-US. Khumbula ukuthi amakholwa e-Iraq WMD akhonjiswa ubufakazi obuphikisana nalokho, futhi ngenxa yalokho ukuqiniswa kunokuba benze buthaka izinkolelo zabo kuma-WMDs. I-Rationality yayingasebenzi lapha, kunalokho ubuwena - nokholo.
Esinye isithiyo sanoma isiphi isimangalo sokuthi izizathu zempi zingaphikiswana ngokunengqondo, noma ukuthi zamukelwe ngenxa yokufaneleka kwazo, silele eqinisweni lokuthi izimangalo ezenziwe mayelana nonya noma ukutholakala kwezikhali ngokuvamile azihambisani nhlobo nanoma yikuphi okungokomthetho, ukuziphatha, noma okungokoqobo. icala lempi elikhuthazwayo. Ukube wonke amanga nge-Iraq noma iLibya noma iSyria abeyiqiniso ngokuphelele, ngabe azikho izizathu ezizwakalayo zalezo zimpi. I-United States inama-WMDs, yenza ubudlova, futhi isebenzisa izikhali eziningi zomhlaba ezivinjiwe noma ezigwenyiwe, okungekho kuzo okungathethelela noma ngubani ngokuqhumisa i-United States ngamabhomu. Futhi ukuqhuma kwamabhomu i-United States bekungeke kusize noma ubani ohlala e-United States. (Nokho abaphikisi bempi bayaqhubeka nokugxila ekungabazeni ukuthi uhulumeni waseSyria wasebenzisa ngempela izikhali zamakhemikhali, kunokuba aphikisane nobugebengu obukhulu bokuqalisa impi, ubugebengu obungekho emthethweni nokuziphatha okubi okuhlala kungakaze kuthintwa yinoma ubani osebenzise noma ongazisebenzisanga izikhali zamakhemikhali.)
Bese kuba nenkinga yokwamukelwa kolwazi olukhethwe ngokucophelela oluyingxenye kanye nelomlando. Uma ingane yakho ibuya esikoleni, ingane yakho emangalisayo ehloniphekayo nethandekayo, futhi ithi “uMichael wagxumela kimi wangishaya futhi wangibiza ngamagama,” cishe uyobuza, ngaphandle kokufinyelela iziphetho: “Yini eqale lokho? Ingabe kukhona okwenzile ukuze amthukuthelele?" Umbuzo onengqondo, cishe ongenakugwema. Ayincikile ekwamukeleni udlame lukaMichael. Ayibeki icala noma ubumsulwa. Imane isikisela ukuthi indawo yonke ngokuvamile iyaqondakala, ukuthi imiphumela ngokuvamile inezimbangela ezibonakalayo. Kepha lapho iNorth Korea yakha isikhali senuzi noma ivivinya umcibisholo, cishe kuwumsebenzi wokushisekela izwe e-United States ukususa emqondweni womuntu noma yimuphi umbuzo womongo.
Impela singasola isistimu ye-propaganda yase-U.S. ngokushiya kwayo ngokucophelela umongo nokukhethwa kwezindaba. Ukuthi iNorth Korea ihambisane nesivumelwano sokumisa uhlelo lwayo lwezikhali zenuzi kwaze kwaba yilapho uMongameli wase-US uGeorge W. Bush ephonsa leso sivumelwano futhi wamemezela ukuthi iNorth Korea iyingxenye ye-eksisi yobubi, futhi wabhubhisa elinye ilungu laleyo nhlangano, kungenzeka ukuthi uphuthelwe ngoba ukuthenga ngaleso sikhathi noma ngenxa yokuthi imithombo yezindaba yase-US yayigxile ekubhujisweni okujabulisayo kwe-Iraq. Ukuthi iNorth Korea iphakamise kaningi ukumisa uhlelo lwayo lwe-nuke uma i-US neSouth Korea izoyeka ukuzijwayeza ukuqhuma ibhomu eNyakatho akuzange kubikwe kabanzi. Lokho i-US eyakwenza eNyakatho Korea phakathi neMpi YaseKorea noma ukuthi impi ayikaze iqedwe ngokusemthethweni noma ukuthi i-US ibilokhu yakha zonke izinhlobo zezikhali eSouth Korea iNorth Korea neChina ezibona njengokusongela kungase kube lula ukuphuthelwa. Kodwa ukungabuzi nokubuza akunasizathu. I-U.S. ihlola imicibisholo ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kodwa-ke lapho iNorth Korea ihlola umcibisholo abezindaba base-US balahlekelwa ingqondo yabo ehlangene. Kungani ungaceli incazelo ye-double standard? Kungani ungabuzi ukuthi yini eyashukumisela, ngokufanelekile noma ngokungalungile, iNorth Korea ukuthi yenze intukuthelo enjalo? Ukungabuzi kuwukufuna ukungazi.
Lokhu ukuqhubekela phambili kolwazi. I-United States ihloma futhi isekela umashiqela, ikhipha ukuhlukunyezwa kuye, futhi ithenge amafutha akhe ezinto ezimbiwa phansi iminyaka. Kodwa ubukele ibhola noma umatasa usebenza, ngakho ukukhumbula okuningi kwalokho. Bese i-U.S. iqala ukusongela ukuketula, futhi uyakweseka lokho kodwa ufuna ukwazi isizathu esihle ukuze wenze ama-peaceniks abone ukukhanya. Umashiqela wenza zonke izinhlobo zokuncenga ukuze kuxazululwe isinqumo esingenalo udlame, umthetho, ithuba lokuhlala emandleni futhi uphila. Kepha kunokhetho lwase-US, ngakho-ke ngeke ulindeleke ukuthi uqaphele. Bese i-U.S. isola umashiqela ngokubulala abantu bakhe ngesikhali esingaphucuzekile noma ngokucindezela amalungelo abesifazane noma ngokuklama umshini wosuku lwembubhiso. Ngokushesha ungumfundi onolwazi olugcwele ngezindaba zomhlaba ozimisele ukulahla noma yisiphi isicelo sokuqinisekiswa okuzimele kwezimangalo nokuchaza lokho, njengoba u-Ed Meese owayenguMmeli Jikelele waseMelika akubeka esimweni sasekhaya, uma usolwa ngobugebengu ngaleso sikhathi. awukho msulwa.
Nakuba abasekeli bempi bevame ukubonakala bephephezelisa amafulegi futhi bememeza ngenjabulo, cishe bazokutshela emhlabeni wonke ukuthi impi ngayinye iyisinyathelo sokugcina. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ngisho naphakathi kweningi labo e-United States elingakwazi ukukubhalela ngayinye yezimpi zamanje zase-US. Eqinisweni, kufakazelwe kulula kakhulu ukuthi i-YouTube igcwalise amavidiyo abantu baseMelika abalungile abasazisa ukuthi ukuqhumisa ngamabhomu izwe elithile eliqanjiwe ababuzwe ngalo kuyadingeka futhi akunakugwenywa. Spy umagazini wake wabuza Amalungu eCongress ukuthi iFreedonia yayidinga yini ukuqhunyiswa ngamabhomu. UJay Inslee ubeyilungu leCongress owabaqinisekisa ukuthi kunjalo.
Izifundo uthole ukuthi izakhamizi zase-US ngokuvamile zicabanga, ngokungenangqondo kanye namanga, ukuthi noma iyiphi impi iqaliswe kuphela ngemva kokuqeda zonke ezinye izindlela. Lokhu akunangqondo ngoba kuhlale kungenzeka ukuphakamisa enye indlela. Kungamanga ngoba ukufika empini yangempela kudinga ukuvikela wonke amathuba okuthula - nokuvikela ukuqashelwa noma ukuqonda ukwenza kanjalo.
Endabeni yaseSyria, i-United States ichithe iminyaka ibhidliza imizamo ye-UN yokuthula, kuyilapho ngokuphambene ibhebhethekisa impi. Ukucabanga ukuthi i-U.S. igibela ukuhlenga abanobudlova obungenathemba (futhi ngandlela thize ihlome ngezikhali ezenziwe e-U.S.) kubo kudinga ukugwema noma yiluphi ulwazi lokuthi i-United States ixoshiwe yaphuma esandleni isiphakamiso sokuthula saseRussia eSyria ngo-2012, njengoba yayenze kwabanye ngaphambi kwayo. Kuthiwa i-United States ibulala abantu ngama-drones njengendlela yokugcina, nakuba kulelo dlanzana lamacala lapho i-United States iwazi amagama abantu ehlose ukubabona, abaningi (uma kungebona bonke) ngokungenakuphikwa. kungenzeka ukuboshwa kalula. Ngaphambi kokuthi ihlasele iLibya ngo-2011, i-US kwadingeka ivimbele uhlelo lokuthula oluthuthukiswe yi-African Union.
Ngaphambi kokuhlasela kwe-Iraq ngo-2003, uhulumeni wase-Iraq uye waya kuVincent Cannistrato weCIA ukuze anikeze amasosha ase-US ukuthi afune izwe lonke. Uhulumeni wase-Iraq wathembisa ukubamba ukhetho oluqashwe umhlaba wonke phakathi neminyaka emibili, futhi wanikeza isikhulu saseBush uRichard Perle ukuthi avule izwe lonke ukuze ahlolwe, ajikise umsolwa ekuqhunyisweni kwebhomu kweWorld Trade Center ngo-1993, ukusiza ukulwa nobuphekula, kanye nokuvuna i-U.S. izinkampani zikawoyela. UHussein unikeze, ku-akhawunti umongameli waseSpain anikezwe umongameli wase-US, ukuthi avele ashiye i-Iraq uma engagcina i-$ 1 billion. Ama-akhawunti afanayo okugwema ukuthula ngazo zonke izindleko anganikezwa ngokuhlaselwa kwe-US e-Afghanistan ngo-2001 noma iMpi Yokuqala YeGulf noma impi yaseVietnam noma leyo yaseMexico noma leyo embusweni waseSpain nasePhilippines, njll.
Bese kuba nenkinga yezimpi ezingenzeki. Babuye njalo bemakethwa njengendlela yokugcina. Kepha lapho bevinjwa - njengoba kwakunjalo ngokuqhunyiswa kwamabhomu eSyria ngo-2013 - enye indawo yokungcebeleka iyalandelwa. Amalungu amaningi eCongress yase-US athi ngo-2015 ukuthi isivumelwano senuzi ne-Iran sidinga ukwenqatshwa futhi i-Iran yahlaselwa njengendlela yokugcina, kuze kube yilapho isivumelwano singanqatshwa. Akuzange kukhulunywe ngo-2015 ngesiphakamiso se-Iran sika-2003 sokuxoxisana ngohlelo lwayo lwenuzi, isithembiso esadelelwa ngokushesha yi-United States.
Ingabe usaqiniseka ukuthi ukusekelwa kwempi akudingi uhlobo lokucabanga kodwa ukungabikho kwakho? Cabanga ukuthi impi ngayinye entsha incike ekutheni awufundanga sifundo kunoma iyiphi yangaphambilini. Thola umsekeli - akunzima - wombono wokuthi uhulumeni wase-US uqamba amanga kusukela ekuseni kuze kube sebusuku mayelana nazo zonke izihloko ezingezona ezempi, futhi ubabuze incazelo yokuthi isihloko sempi sisebenza kanjani njengeserum yeqiniso. Noma yenza lokhu: buyekeza imibono ngempi engakenzeki (njengoba kwakunjalo ngaleso sikhathi isiphakamiso sokuqhunyiswa kwamabhomu eSiriya ngo-2013) nokunye osekwenziwe (njengokuqhunyiswa kwamabhomu e-US endaweni yomoya eSyria. ngo-2017). Lapho okuthile sekwenzekile kakade, izigidi zabantu zithola ukuthi ziyakusekela, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yisiphi isizathu esivumelanayo, njengoba nje bona abantu betshela abavoti ukuthi abafuni lutho. Okuningi ukuqhuma kwamabhomu kuzokwenzeka.
Noma cabanga ngalokhu: ngokwezibalo, abesifazane abasekeli izimpi kunabesilisa. Akekho ochaze lokhu njengomphumela wokuhlakanipha okukhulu noma okuncane noma ulwazi noma ukuqonda noma ukuhlakanipha. Kunalokho akungabazeki, njengomqondo ojwayelekile kanye nezifundo engizoza kuzo ngomzuzwana zombili zisungula, umbuzo wamazinga okwamukelwa kwempi ngokujwayelekile edlala embuzweni wempi ethile.
Noma cabanga ngendima ebalulekile edlalwa ukwesaba. Ngo-2013 izigidi zabantu kulo lonke uhlangothi lwezepolitiki zase-US zaphikisana nokuqhunyiswa kwamabhomu eSyria, abaningi bephikisana nokuthi i-US ingene (njengokungathi ayikabi kuyo) impi ngasohlangothini olufanayo ne-al Qaeda. Ngo-2014, ngemva kokukhishwa kwamavidiyo asabekayo e-ISIS, izigidi zabantu abafanayo zasekela ukwanda kokuzibandakanya kwe-US kuleyo mpi, naphezu kwezincazelo ezisemthethweni ezivela kuhulumeni wase-US zenza kucace ukuthi ubambe iqhaza empini. zombili. Ukwesaba kubonakala kukhulisa ukwamukelwa kwempi kanye nokungabi nangqondo nje jikelele.
Noma bheka ukuphikiswa okukhulayo emphakathini wase-US ezimpini zakwa-Israel ezingafani nanoma yikuphi ukucatshangelwa okufanayo kwenkinga yezimpi zase-US. Igebe elifanayo lingatholakala phakathi kokusekelwa kwempi kwabantu abaningi baseMelika lapho umongameli wase-US engoweqembu elithile nalapho yena (noma othenjwayo) engowomunye. Ukubuza abalandeli abaningi ngokuqhunyiswa kwamabhomu ezweni elinebala elimnyama lapho kwenzeke khona isigameko samaphekula ukuthi bangakweseka yini ukuqhunyiswa kwamabhomu ezweni laseYurophu ezimeni ezifanayo kungadalula ngokufanayo.
URichard C. Eichenberg noRichard Stoll basanda kushicilela incwadi yezemfundo esihlokweni enesihloko esithi “Ukwamukeleka Kwempi kanye Nokweseka Imali Yezokuvikela: Ubufakazi obuvela kumaDemokhrasi ayishumi nane, 2004–2013,” bubekwe ngesiNgisi esiqondile yi I-War Prevention Initiative. Ngaphezu kolunye ucwaningo olubuyekeziwe, abantu emazweni angu-14 babebuzwa minyaka yonke ukuthi “Ngicela ungitshele ukuthi uyavumelana noma awuvumelani nokulandelayo—Ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile impi iyadingeka ukuze kutholakale ubulungisa.”
"Ezimpendulo zocwaningo ezivela kuwo wonke amazwe, uma zibhangqwe nezenzakalo zamanje noma izinsongo zesikhashana, izimo zengqondo zabantu mayelana nempi zazihlobene kakhulu futhi zihlala zihlobene nezindinganiso zabo eziyisisekelo kanye nolwazi lwempilo. Njengesibonelo, nakuba abaphendulayo bacabangele izinga abalubuka ngalo uhlelo lwenuzi lwase-Iran noma i-China, ngokwesibonelo, njengezinsongo zempi, lokhu kuhlola okusabisayo akuzange kudlale indima ebalulekile ekwakhekeni kwezimo zabo zengqondo mayelana nempi nezindleko zokuvikela njengoba kwenza. izinkolelo zabo, izindinganiso, nokuhlangenwe nakho kwabo. Ubulili nabo babuyisici esinamandla. . . . Kwatholakala ukuthi i-United States iyona. . . umphakathi ozakhamuzi zawo ezamukela impi njengethuluzi lenqubomgomo yawo yezangaphandle kakhulu.”
Lokhu kuhambisana nenhlolovo ye-Gallup yango-2013 emazweni amaningi athola inani eliphakeme kakhulu labaphendulile e-United States abathi "bazolwela" impi yezwe labo (njengokungathi azikho izimpi eziyishumi nambili ezitholakalayo. ukujoyina uma befuna ngempela).
Iphinde ihambisane nokuba khona kwendawo kanye nezemfundo yenye indlela yamaqiniso eyaziwa ngokuthi "ithiyori yempi nje." Ngabhala incwadi yenqaba yonke leyo nkundla, ebizwa Impi Ayisoze Nje, futhi wayithumela nabangane ezingxoxweni eVatican mayelana nokuthi iSonto LamaKatolika kufanele liyinqabele yini enye yendalo yalo ebhubhisa kakhulu. Impendulo ethakazelisa kakhulu engayithola kwaba umbiko wokuthi amalungu eSonto LamaKatolika avela ngaphandle kwamazwe aseNtshonalanga ayengakaze ezwe “ngombono nje wempi” - indalo, ngemva kwakho konke, yombuso.
Ukusakazwa kwenkulumo-ze okunekhono komphakathi wase-U.S., ngamaningi alawo masu asukela emuva emzamweni wenkulumo-ze kahulumeni phakathi neMpi Yezwe I, ngokungangabazeki, kunendima enkulu. Kodwa-ke ngiyasola ukuthi, akuyona nje isiko elijwayelekile kanye nesistimu yemfundo yezingane enephutha kakhulu kunenkulumo-ze ethile kunoma yikuphi, kodwa inkinga ibuye ibe ngaphambi kweMpi Yezwe I ezweni elakhula liphuma emakoloni asekelwe. isisekelo sempi.
Isifundo okufanele sithathwe umphakathi osuselwe emaqinisweni ekungabiningqondo kokusekelwa kwempi akukhona ukuthi konke akunathemba, kodwa lokho
- ingozi inkulu kunalokho okungacatshangwa, njengoba ukusekelwa kwempi okuningi akunamingcele - ingozi ekhula nsuku zonke uhulumeni wase-US asebenza ngayo ekusetshenzisweni kwezikhali zenuzi ezihlasela kakhulu nezincane "ezisebenziseka kakhulu"; futhi
- ukhiye wokwakha ukumelana nempi ngayinye ukufundisa abantu abasha nabadala ukuthi baphikise sonke isikhungo sempi.
Ngisanda kukhuluma nekilasi lasekolishi futhi ngabacela ukuthi basho izimpi ezifanele. Kwenze usuku lwami ukuthi ngokokuqala ngqá kokuhlangenwe nakho kwami akekho owathi “iMpi Yezwe II.” Kodwa bathi “inguquko-mbuso” njengokungathi kwake kwaba khona eyodwa kuphela, “nempi yombango” njengokungathi le ntsha yaba nenhlanhla yokuzalelwa ezweni elilodwa lapho zombili izimpi ezifanele emlandweni wezwe zaba khona. kwenzeka. Le ndlela yokucabanga ayihlukile ekucabangeni abazali bomuntu, ngenxa yokuba abazali bakho, bephethe futhi bakunikeza inkolo eyodwa yeqiniso.
Lapho isifunda sesikole saseFlorida kulo nyaka odlule simemezela ukuthi sizokhipha emicimbini yaso yezemidlalo noma ubani owehluleka ukuhlonipha ifulege lase-U.S. Izimpi njenganoma yimiphi imibhalo engelona iqiniso okungenzeka ukuthi ikusasa likaKarl Rove lingayithumela.
