NguDavid Swanson
Ukuphawula ku-#NoWar2016
Muva nje uhulumeni wase-United States unikeze umkhaya wesisulu esisodwa owawusibulele kwenye yezimpi zawo imali engaphezu kwesigidi. Isisulu senzeka ngesiNtaliyane. Uma ubungathola yonke imindeni yase-Iraq enamalungu asaphila ayenabathandekayo ababulawa yi-United States kungaba imindeni eyisigidi. Isigidi esiphindwe ngesigidi samarandi singakwanela ukuphatha labo ma-Iraqi ngalokhu njengokungathi bangabaseYurophu. Ubani ongangitshela - phakamisa isandla sakho - yimalini isigidi esiphindwe ngesigidi?
Kunjalo, isigidintathu.
Manje, ungabala uye kuthriliyoni uqala kokukodwa. Qhubeka. Sizolinda.
Empeleni ngeke silinde, ngoba uma ubala inombolo eyodwa ngomzuzwana uzofinyelela kuthriliyoni eminyakeni engu-31,709. Futhi sinezinye izikhulumi esizofika lapha.
I-trillion iyinombolo esingeke siyiqonde. Ngezinjongo eziningi akusizi. I-oligarch ehahayo ayiphuphi ngokubona ingxenye yamadola angaka. Izingxenye ezincane zamadola amaningi zingashintsha umhlaba. Amaphesenti amathathu awo ngonyaka ayezoqeda indlala emhlabeni. Iphesenti elilodwa ngonyaka lingaqeda ukuntuleka kwamanzi okuphuza ahlanzekile. Amaphesenti ayishumi ngonyaka angaguqula amandla aluhlaza noma ezolimo noma imfundo. Amaphesenti amathathu ngonyaka iminyaka emine, ngamadola amanje, kwakuyi-Marshall Plan.
Futhi nokho uhulumeni wase-United States ngeminyango eminingi ulahla isigidintathu samadola ngonyaka ukulungiselela impi. Ngakho lokho kusebenza kahle. Thatha ikhefu lonyaka owodwa bese unxephezela izisulu zase-Iraq. Thatha ezinye izinyanga ezengeziwe bese uqala ukunxephezela ama-Afghan, amaLibya, amaSyria, amaPakistani, amaYemenis, amaSomalia, njll. Ngazi kahle ukuthi angibafaki bonke ohlwini. Khumbula inkinga yeminyaka engu-31,709.
Impela awusoze wanxephezela ngokugcwele izwe elicekeleke phansi njenge-Iraq noma umndeni noma kuphi lapho ulahlekelwe othandekayo. Kodwa ungase uzuze izigidi nezigidigidi zabantu minyaka yonke futhi usindise futhi uthuthukise izigidi nezigidigidi zezimpilo ngemali encane kunaleyo echithwa ekulungiseleleni izimpi ezengeziwe. Futhi lena indlela yokuqala impi ebulala ngayo - ngokususa uxhaso lwanoma yini enye. Emhlabeni jikelele ingu-$2 trillion ngonyaka kanye nezigidigidi zomonakalo nokucekelwa phansi.
Uma uzama ukukala okuhle nokubi ukuze unqume ukuthi ukuqala noma ukuqhubeka kwempi kulungile, ohlangothini olubi kufanele uhambe izindleko: ezezimali, zokuziphatha, zomuntu, ezemvelo, njll, zamalungiselelo empi. Noma ucabanga ukuthi ungacabanga ukuthi kungaba nempi efanelekile ngolunye usuku, kufanele ucabangele ukuthi ngabe kufanelekile ngendlela inkampani engcolisa umhlaba futhi ehlukumeza ngayo abasebenzi namakhasimende ayo inzuzo — okungukuthi ngokucisha izindleko eziningi.
Yiqiniso, abantu bathanda ukucabanga ukuthi kube nezimpi ezimbalwa ezifanele, ukuze ithuba lomunye lidlule konke ukubhujiswa kokulungiselela impi engapheli kanye nazo zonke izimpi ezingenabulungiswa ezikhiqizayo. I-United States imane kwadingeka ilwe ne-revolution ngokumelene ne-England nakuba ukulungiswa okungenabudlova kokungabi nabulungisa kwakusebenza kahle, futhi isizathu sokuthi iCanada kwakungadingeki ibe nempi ne-England kungenxa yokuthi akukho ukuthintana kwe-hockey, noma okuthile. I-United States kwadingeka ibulale izingxenye ezintathu kwezine zesigidi bese iqeda ubugqila, nakuba ubugqila bungazange buphele, ngoba wonke lawo mazwe aqeda ubugqila, futhi leli dolobha esikulo laqeda ubugqila, ngaphandle kokubulala bonke labo bantu. okokuqala manje sintula ifa eliyigugu lamafulegi eNhlangano kanye nentukuthelo yobandlululo esilazisa kakhulu, noma okuthile.
IMpi Yezwe Yesibili yayifaneleka ngokuphelele ngoba uMongameli Roosevelt wayenezinsuku eziyisi-6 ephunyukile ekubikezeleni kwakhe ukuhlasela kwaseJapane ayesebenzela ukukuvusa, futhi i-US kanye neNgilandi benqaba ukukhipha ababaleki abangamaJuda eJalimane, i-Coast Guard yaxosha umkhumbi wabo kude. Miami, uMnyango Wezwe wenqabe isicelo se-visa sika-Anne Frank, yonke imizamo yokuthula yokumisa impi nokukhulula amakamu yavinjwa, izikhathi eziningana inani labantu abafela emakamu bafa ngaphandle kwabo empini, ukubhujiswa okuphelele kwezakhamuzi. futhi ukuqoqwa kwezempi kwe-United States unomphela kube yizibonelo eziyinhlekelele, iphupho leJalimane lithatha iNtshonalanga Yenkabazwe ngokushesha nje lapho liqeda ukunqoba iSoviet Union lalisekelwe emibhalweni yomgunyathi yekhwalithi kaKarl Rovian, i-United States yanikeza amasosha amnyama ugcunsula. phakathi nempi kanye nabaseGuatemala ngesikhathi sokuqulwa kwecala laseNuremberg, futhi amasosha ase-US aqasha amakhulu amaNazi aphezulu ekupheleni kwempi ayengena kahle, kodwa lona kwakuwumbuzo.kokuhle ngokumelene nokubi.
Umkhuba omusha wokuxosha izimpi njenge-philanthropy uthola ukwesekwa komphakathi wase-US, kodwa impi ngayinye enjalo incike ekusekelweni okukhulu kwalabo abomele igazi. Futhi ngenxa yokuthi ayikho impi yobuntu esizuzile isintu, le nkulumo-ze incike kakhulu ezimpini ezingazange zenzeke. Eminyakeni emihlanu eyedlule kwadingeka ukuthi kuqhunyiswe amabhomu eLibya ngenxa yeRwanda - lapho amasosha asekelwa yi-US adale inhlekelele futhi akasoze aqhumisa ngamabhomu noma ngubani osize izinto. Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva iNxusa lase-US kuNhlangano Yezizwe Ezihlangene u-Samantha Power wabhala ngokusobala nangokungenamahloni ukuthi sasinomthwalo wemfanelo wokungabheki inhlekelele eyadalwa eLibya ukuze sizimisele ngokufanele ukuqhumisa amabhomu eSyria, futhi kwakudingeka sibhomule iSyria ngenxa yeRwanda. Futhi ngenxa yeKosovo, lapho inkulumo-ze yayinesithombe sendoda ezacile ngemva kocingo. Eqinisweni umthwebuli wayekade engemuva kothango futhi kwakunendoda eyisidudla eduze kwalena ezacile. Kepha iphuzu bekuwukuqhumisa iSerbia kanye nezenzo zonya ukuze kunqandwe ukuqothulwa kwesizwe, uhulumeni wase-US ngesikhathi se-WWII ayengenaso nhlobo intshisekelo yokuyimisa.
Ngakho-ke, asikuqondise lokhu kanye unomphela. Kungokwesikweletu sethu ukuthi izimpi kufanele zithengiswe njengezilungele abantu. Kodwa siyiziwula ezinezinjongo ezinhle uma sikukholelwa. Izimpi kufanele ziphele, futhi isikhungo esiyingozi nakakhulu sokulungiselela impi kufanele siqedwe.
Angilindele ukuthi singakwazi futhi angiqiniseki ukuthi kufanele siqede amasosha ase-US ngoLwesine oluzayo, kodwa kubalulekile ukuthi siqonde isidingo nokufiseleka kokuyiqeda, ukuze siqale ukuthatha izinyathelo ezizosishukumisela kulokho. isiqondiso. Uchungechunge lwezinyathelo lungabukeka kanje:
1) Yeka ukuhlomisa amanye amazwe namaqembu.
2) Dala ukusekelwa kwe-US kanye nokubamba iqhaza ezikhungweni zomthetho, ukungabi nabudlova, idiplomacy, nosizo, njengoba kuthuthukiswe encwadini emaphaketheni akho, I-Global Security System: Enye Indlela Yempi.
3) Qeda izimpi eziqhubekayo.
I-4) Yehlisa i-US ingabi ngaphezu kokuphindwe kabili kokusetshenziswa kwemali kwezempi okulandelayo - ukutshala imali ekuguqukeleni emnothweni onokuthula oqhubekayo.
5) Vala izisekelo zakwamanye amazwe.
6) Ukuqeda izikhali ezingenayo injongo yokuzivikela.
7) Yehlisa i-US ingabi ngaphezu komchithi wezempi ohamba phambili olandelayo, futhi uqhubeke nokuhambisana nomjaho wezikhali ohlehlayo. Cishe kuqinisekile ukuthi i-United States ingavusa umjaho wezikhali ohlanekezelwe uma ikhetha ukuwuhola.
8) Susa izikhali zenuzi nezinye ezimbi kakhulu emhlabeni. Isinyathelo esihle kungaba ukuthi i-US ijoyine umhlangano wamabhomu ahlangene manje njengoba i-US isiyeke okwesikhashana ukuwakhiqiza.
9) Sungula uhlelo lokuqedwa ngokuphelele kwempi.
Ngisho nezimpi ezidingekayo? Izimpi nje? Izimpi ezinhle nezikhazimulayo? Yebo, kodwa uma kukhona induduzo, abekho.
Asikho isidingo sokuhlomisa umhlaba ngamazinyo. Akuzuzisi ngokwezomnotho noma kuthetheleleka ngokokuziphatha nganoma iyiphi indlela. Izimpi namuhla zinezikhali zase-US nhlangothi zombili. Amavidiyo e-ISIS anezibhamu zase-US nezimoto zase-US. Lokho akukhona nje noma kuyakhazimula. Kumane kuwumhobholo futhi kuwubuwula.
Ucwaningo olufana noluka-Erica Chenoweth zithole ukuthi ukumelana nobudlova okungenabudlova maningi amathuba okuthi uphumelele, futhi impumelelo maningi kakhulu amathuba okuba ihlale njalo, kunokumelana nobudlova. Ngakho-ke uma sibheka into efana ne-nonviolent Revolution e-Tunisia ngo-2011, singathola ukuthi ihlangabezana nezinqubo eziningi njenganoma yisiphi esinye isimo sempi okuthiwa i-Just War, ngaphandle kokuthi kwakungeyona impi nhlobo. Umuntu ubengeke abuyele emuva futhi aphikise isu emathubeni amancane okuphumelela kodwa okungenzeka abangele ubuhlungu obuningi nokufa.
Ngaphandle kokushoda okulinganiselwe kwezibonelo kuze kube manje zokumelana okungenabudlova emsebenzini wangaphandle, kukhona lezo esezivele ziqala ukufuna iphethini yempumelelo nalapho. Ngizocaphuna uStephen Zunes:
“Ngesikhathi se-intifada yokuqala yasePalestine ngeminyaka yawo-1980s, iningi labantu ababengaphansi kwabo laba yizinhlangano ezizibusayo ngenxa yokungasebenzisani okukhulu nokudala ezinye izikhungo, okuphoqa u-Israyeli ukuthi avumele ukusungulwa kwePalestine Authority kanye nokuzibusa kweningi lezwe. izindawo zasemadolobheni eWest Bank. Ukumelana nobudlova eNtshonalanga Sahara ehlaselwe kuphoqe iMorocco ukuthi inikeze isiphakamiso sokuzimela .... Eminyakeni yokugcina yokuthatha amaJalimane eDenmark naseNorway phakathi neMpi Yezwe II, amaNazi awazange esabalawula abantu. I-Lithuania, i-Latvia, ne-Estonia bazikhulula ekubusweni yiSoviet ngokumelana nobudlova ngaphambi kokuwa kwe-USSR. ELebanon … iminyaka engamashumi amathathu yokubusa kweSyria yaqedwa ngokuvukela okukhulu, okungenabudlova ngo-2005.”
Qeda ukucaphuna. Unezibonelo ezengeziwe. Futhi ngicabanga, umuntu angase abheke izibonelo eziningi zokumelana namaNazi, kanye nokumelana kwamaJalimane nokuhlasela kweFrance iRuhr ngo-1923, noma mhlawumbe empumelelweni yesikhathi esisodwa yasePhilippines kanye nempumelelo eqhubekayo ye-Ecuador ekuxosheni. Izisekelo zamasosha ase-US, kanye nesibonelo sikaGandhi sokukhipha amaBritish eNdiya. Kodwa izibonelo eziningi kakhulu zempumelelo engenabudlova phezu kobushiqela basekhaya nazo zinikeza umhlahlandlela obheke esenzweni esizayo.
Ohlangothini lokukhetha impendulo engenalo udlame ekuhlaselweni amathuba ayo amakhulu okuphumelela kanye nokuthi impumelelo ehlala isikhathi eside, kanye nomonakalo omncane owenziwayo kule nqubo. Kwesinye isikhathi siba matasatasa sikhomba ukuthi ubushokobezi obumelene ne-US bubhebhezelwa ulaka lwase-US - njengoba lunjalo - size sikhohlwe ukuveza ukuthi ubuphekula buyehluleka ezinhlosweni zabo njengoba nje ubuphekula obukhulu base-US behluleka ezinhlosweni zabo. Ukumelana ne-Iraqi ekuhlaselweni kwe-US akusona imodeli yokumelana ne-US ekuhlaseleni okuthile kwe-United States okunenganekwane kuka-Vladimir Putin kanye no-Edward Snowden ehola iviyo lama-Muslim Honduras ukuthi lize lizothatha izibhamu zethu.
Imodeli elungile iwukungasebenzisani okungenabudlova, umthetho womthetho, kanye nezokuxhumana. Futhi lokho kungaqala manje. Amathuba ezingxabano ezinodlame angancishiswa kakhulu.
Nokho, lapho kungenakuhlasela, kuyilapho kwenziwa izimangalo zokuthi impi kufanele iqalwe njengesenzo “sokugcina,” izixazululo ezingenalo ubudlova zitholakala ngezinhlobonhlobo ezingapheli futhi zingazanywa ngokuphindaphindiwe. I-United States ayikaze ifinyelele ezingeni lokuhlasela elinye izwe njengendlela yokugcina yangempela nengokoqobo. Futhi ngeke kwenzeke.
Uma ukwazi ukufeza lokho, isinqumo sokuziphatha sisazodinga ukuthi izinzuzo ezicatshangelwayo zempi yakho zidlule wonke umonakalo owenziwe ngokugcina isikhungo sempi, futhi lokho kuyisithiyo esiphakeme ngendlela emangalisayo.
Esikudingayo, ukuze silethe ingcindezi engenalo ubudlova kunoma ubani ohlala e-White House kanye ne-Capitol izinyanga ezine kusukela manje kuyinhlangano enkulu, enamandla kakhulu yokuqeda impi, enombono walokho esingaba nakho esikhundleni.
Phakathi neMpi Yezwe II, ngaphambi kokuba i-United States igcine isimo sempi esihlala njalo, uKhongolose waseMaryland wasikisela ukuthi ngemva kwempi iPentagon ingashintshwa ibe isibhedlela futhi ngaleyo ndlela ibe nenhloso ewusizo. Ngisacabanga ukuthi kuwumqondo omuhle lowo. Ngingase ngizame ukukusho kubasebenzi bePentagon uma sivakashela lapho ngo-9 ekuseni ngoMsombuluko.
Lona umbono esiwudingayo ukuze sithuthuke, lapho kufanele kutholakale khona injongo entsha nebalulekile, njengakule migexo eyenziwe ngezikhali zenuzi ezigaywe kabusha, yayo yonke into eyayiyingxenye yebhizinisi lobugebengu elingcolile elaziwa ngokuthi impi.
