UTrump Wayeqinisile: I-NATO Kufanele Iphelelwe Isikhathi

NguMedea Benjamin, uDisemba 2, 2019

Amagama amathathu ahlakaniphile uDonald Trump kukhulunyiwe ngesikhathi umkhankaso wakhe wokuba ngumongameli "awusasebenzi." Isitha sakhe, uHillary Clinton, uphendulile ukuthi i-NATO "yayingumfelandawonye wezempi onamandla kunawo wonke emlandweni wezwe." Manje njengoba uTrump esaphethe, i-White House upholi umugqa ofanayo owenziwe i-NATO "ubumbano ophumelele kunabo bonke emlandweni, oqinisekisa ukuphepha, ukuchuma, kanye nenkululeko yamalungu alo." Kepha uTrump wayeqinisile okokuqala: Esikhundleni sokuba ngumfelandawonye oqinile onenhloso ebonakalayo, le 70 Inhlangano-endala ebuthene eLondon ngoDisemba 4 ingumbhikisho wamasosha oqhamuka ezinsukwini zeCold War obekumele uthathe umhlalaphansi ngomusa eminyakeni eminingi eyedlule.

I-NATO yaqalwa yasungulwa yi-United States kanye ne-11 ezinye izizwe zase Ntshonalanga njengomzamo wokunqanda ukwanda kwamakhomanisi e1949. Ngemuva kweminyaka eyisithupha, amazwe amaKhomanisi asungula iWarsaw Pact futhi ngalezi zinhlangano ezimbili zamazwe ahlukahlukene, umhlaba wonke waba yindawo yokulwa yeCold War. Lapho i-USSR iwa ku-1991, iWarsaw Pact yahlakazeka kodwa i-NATO yanda, ikhula isuka kumalungu ayo okuqala e-12 yaba amazwe angamalungu e-29. INorth Makedonia, ebekelwe ukujoyina unyaka olandelayo, izoletha inombolo ku-30. I-NATO iphinde yakhula kahle ngalé kweNyakatho ye-Atlantic, engeza ukubambisana neColombia e2017. UDonald Trump muva nje ukuphakanyiswa ukuthi iBrazil ngelinye ilanga ingaba yilungu eligcwele.

Ukwanda kweNATO ngemuva kweMpi ebheke emingceleni yaseRussia, yize bekuthembisile ukuthi ngeke isagudlukela empumalanga, kuholele ekutheni kube nokungezwani phakathi kwamandla asentshonalanga neRussia, kubandakanya nezingcingo ezijwayelekile phakathi kwamasosha. Kubuye kwaba nomthelela kumjaho omusha wezingalo, kufaka phakathi ukuthuthuka kuma-arsenals wezempi yenu, kanye ne ngobukhulu I-NATO "imidlalo yempi" selokhu kwaba neMpi Yomshoshaphansi.

Ngenkathi ethi "ligcina ukuthula," i-NATO inomlando wokuqhuma kwamabhomu izakhamuzi nokwenza ubugebengu bempi. E-1999, i-NATO yenza imisebenzi yezempi ngaphandle kwemvume ye-UN eYugoslavia. Izindiza zakhona ezingekho emthethweni ngesikhathi seMpi yeKosovo zashiya amakhulu ezakhamizi esefile. Futhi kude ne "North Atlantic," i-NATO yajoyina i-United States ekuhlaseleni i-Afghanistan e-2001, lapho isabhidlizwa khona amashumi amabili eminyaka kamuva. Ku-2011, amabutho e-NATO ahlasela iLibya ngokungemthetho, enza isimo sehlulekile esenza isixuku sabantu sabaleka. Esikhundleni sokuthatha umthwalo walaba ababaleki, amazwe e-NATO ababuyisele abafudukayo eLwandle iMedithera, avumela izinkulungwane ukuba zife.

ELondon, iNATO ifuna ukukhombisa ukuthi isilungele ukulwa izimpi ezintsha. Izokhombisa ukukulungela kwayo - ikhono lokuhambisa amabutho angama-30 ngomhlaba, amasosha omoya angama-30 nemikhumbi yempi yasolwandle engama-30 ngezinsuku ezingama-30 kuphela, kanye nokubhekana nezinsongo ezizayo ezivela eChina naseRussia, kufaka phakathi nemicibisholo ye-hypersonic kanye ne-cyberwarfare. Kepha kude nokuba ngumshini wempi omncane, omncane, i-NATO empeleni igcwele ukwahlukana nokuphikisana. Nazi ezinye zazo:

• UMongameli waseFrance u-Emmanuel Macron ungabaza ukuzibophezela kwe-US ukulwela i-Europe, ubize i-NATO ngokuthi "ingqondo ifile" futhi uhlongoza i-European Army ngaphansi kwesambulela se-France senuzi.
• ITurkey ithukuthele amalungu e-NATO ngokuzifaka kwayo eSyria ukuhlasela amaKurds, ayengamadlelane aseNtshonalanga empini yokulwa ne-ISIS. ITurkey isisabise ukuthi izokwengeza uhlelo lokuvikela iBaltic kuze kube yilapho umfelandawonye esekela ukuzibandakanya kwalo eSyria. ITurkey ibuye yathukuthelisa amalungu e-NATO, ikakhulukazi uTrump, ngokuthenga uhlelo lwe-Russia lwe-S-400.
• UTrump ufuna ukuthi i-NATO ihlehle emuva ithonya elikhulayo laseChina, kufaka phakathi ukusetshenziswa kwezinkampani zaseChina ekwakheni amanethiwekhi weselula e-5G – okuyinto amazwe amaningi e-NATO angafuni ukuyenza.
• Ingabe iRussia iyisitha seNATO ngempela? IMacron yaseFrance ifinyelele eRussia, yamema uPutin ukuthi axoxe ngezindlela i-European Union ezingabeka ngazo ukuhlasela kweCrimea ngemuva kwayo. UDonald Trump uhlasele esidlangalaleni iJalimane phezu kwawo Iphrojekthi ye-Nord Stream 2 ukufaka amapayipi kugesi waseRussia, kepha iphoyisa laseJalimane elisanda kwenzeka labona amaphesenti ama-66 efuna ubuhlobo obuseduze neRussia.
• I-UK inezinkinga ezinkulu. IBrithani ikhishwe inyumbazane ngenxa yombango weBrexit futhi ibambe ukhetho lukazwelonke olungamaphutha ngoDisemba 12. UNdunankulu waseBrithani, uBoris Johnson, azi ukuthi uTrump akathandeki, unqabile ukubonwa esondele kuye. Futhi, umbangi omkhulu kaJohnson, uJeremy Corbyn, ungumsekeli onqabayo weNATO. Ngenkathi iqembu lakhe labasebenzi lizibophezele kwi-NATO, ngaphezu komsebenzi wakhe njengompetha wokulwa nempi, uCorbyn uye wakwenza lokho esibizwa I-NATO "ingozi ukuthula emhlabeni kanye nengozi ekuphepheni komhlaba." Ngesikhathi sokugcina iBrithani yabamba abaholi be-NATO e2014, eCorbyn utshele umhlangano olwa ne-NATO wokuthi ukuphela kweMpi Yomshoshaphansi "bekufanele ngabe yisikhathi sokuthi i-NATO ivalwe ezitolo, inikele, ibuye ekhaya ihambe."
• Enye inkinga ukuthi iScotland, okuyikhaya lesikebhe esingaphansi komhlaba esingathandeki seTrident njengengxenye yokuvinjwa kwe-NATO yenuzi. Uhulumeni omusha wabasebenzi uzodinga ukwesekwa yiScotland National Party. Kepha umholi wayo, uNicola Sturgeon, ugcizelela ukuthi umbandela wokusekelwa kweqembu lakhe ukuzibophezela ukuvala isisekelo.
• AbaseYurophu abakwazi ukumela uTrump (kuvotwe kamuva nje ukuthi ukhona ethembekile ngamaphesenti ama-4 kuphela wabaseYurophu!) futhi abaholi bawo abakwazi ukuthembela kuye. Abaholi ababumbene bafunda ngezinqumo zikamongameli ezithinta izintshisekelo zabo nge-Twitter. Ukuntuleka kokuxhumana kwacaca ngo-Okthoba, lapho uTrump enganaki umfelandawonye we-NATO lapho eyala amabutho akhethekile ase-US ukuphuma enyakatho yeSyria, lapho ayekade esebenza khona ngokuhambisana nemikhosi yaseFrance neyaseBrithani ngokumelene nempi yamaSulumane.
• Ukungethembeki e-US kuholele ekutheni iKhomishini yaseYurophu yenze amasu enhlangano “yezokuvikela” yaseYurophu ezohlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwezempi kanye nokuthenga. Isinyathelo esilandelayo kungaba ukuhlanganisa imisebenzi yezempi ehlukaniswe ne-NATO. IPentagon ikhononde ngamazwe e-EU athenga imishini yezempi komunye nomunye esikhundleni se-United States, futhi ushayele le nhlangano yezokuvikela "ukuguquguquka okumangalisayo emashumini amathathu eminyaka okuqhubeka kokuhlanganiswa komkhakha wezokuvikela."
• Ngabe abaseMelika bafuna ukuya empini ye-Estonia? I-Article 5 yeSivumelwano ithi ukuhlaselwa kwelungu elilodwa "kuzothathwa njengokuhlaselwa kwawo wonke," okusho ukuthi isivumelwano sibophezela i-US ukuthi iye empini egameni lezizwe ezingama-28 – into engaphikiswa kakhulu ngabantu baseMelika abakhathele yimpi ufuna inqubomgomo yamazwe angaphandle enolaka ebhekisisa ukuthula, ukubambisana, kanye nokuzibandakanya kwezomnotho esikhundleni sebutho lezempi.

Enye ithambo elikhulu lengxabano ukuthi ngubani ozokhokhela i-NATO. Okokugcina lapho abaholi be-NATO behlangana, uMongameli uTrump walimaza uhlelo ngokuhlukumeza amazwe e-NATO ngokungakhokhi isabelo sabo esifanelekile futhi emhlanganweni waseLondon, uTrump kulindeleke ukuthi amemezele ukusikeka okungokomfanekiso kwe-US kwisabelomali somsebenzi seNATO.

Okukhathazeka kakhulu nguTrump ukuthi amazwe angamalungu afinyelela ekuhlosweni kweNATO yokusebenzisa amaphesenti ama-2 emikhiqizo yabo yasendlini ukuzivikela kwe-2024, inhloso engathandeki kubantu baseYurophu, Khetha ukuthi izintela zabo zihambele izinto ezingezona ezempi. Noma kunjalo, I-NATO UNobhala-Jikelele Jens Stoltenberg Bazoziqhayisa ngokuthi iYurophu neCanada bengeze amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-100 kumabhajethi abo ezempi kusukela ngo-2016 – okuthize okuzothathwa nguDonald Trump – nokuthi izikhulu eziningi ze-NATO zihlangabezana nomgomo wamaphesenti ama-2, noma ngabe umbiko we-2019 NATO ukhombisa ukuthi amalungu ayisikhombisa kuphela enze kanjalo : i-US, iGrisi, i-Estonia, i-UK, iRomania, iPoland neLatvia.

Esikhathini lapho abantu emhlabeni wonke bafuna ukugwema impi futhi bagxile ezinhlekeleleni zesimo sezulu ezisongela impilo yesikhathi esizayo emhlabeni, i-NATO iyi-anachronism. Manje sisebenza cishe izingxenye ezintathu kwezine zokusebenzisa imali yezempi nezikhali ezisebenza emhlabeni wonke. Esikhundleni sokuvimbela impi, ikhuthaza ezempi, ikhulisa ukungezwani emhlabeni futhi yenza impi ibe yimbi kakhulu. Le ndatshana ye-Cold War akufanele yenziwe kabusha ukuze kulawulwe ukubuswa kwe-US eYurophu, noma ukuhlangana ngokumelene neRussia noma neChina, noma ukuvula izimpi ezintsha emkhathini. Akufanele ukunwetshwe, kepha kuchithwe. Iminyaka engu-70 yokulwa impi yanele.

UMedea uBenjamin uhlanganisa CODEPINK for Ukuthula, nombhali wezincwadi eziningana, kufaka phakathi Ngaphakathi kwe-Iran: Umlando Weqiniso Nezombangazwe YeRiphabhulikhi Yase-Islamic yase-Iran.