I-Top Gun Maverick - I-Counter-Narrative

 Ngibone i-“Top Gun: Maverick” izolo. Kwakunyantisa kakhulu. Le filimu isetha indinganiso entsha ye-orchestrated state, pro-military, indoctrition mass. U-Goebbels, umsakazi oyinhloko weqembu lika-Hitler lamaNazi, uzomangala ngendiza ecwebezelayo yokufa kanye nezibani kanye nesihlabani samafilimu ku-tuxedo yakhe.

UTom Cruise ulingisa njengoKaputeni uPete Mitchell kuTop Gun: Maverick. Ngo-1990, uCruise wazwakalisa ukungabaza ngefilimu yokuqala lapho ethi, “Abanye abantu babenomuzwa wokuthi i-'Top Gun' (1986) kwakuyifilimu ephiko kwesokudla yokuthuthukisa i-Navy. Futhi izingane eziningi zazikuthanda. Kodwa ngifuna izingane zazi ukuthi akuyona indlela impi eyiyo leyo. Yingakho ngingaqhubekanga ngenze i-'Top Gun II' ne-'III' ne-'IV' ne-'V.' Lokho bekuyoba ukunganaki.” - indiewire

Lokho kwenzeka eminyakeni engu-32 edlule. Amadoda ashintsha imiqondo yawo ngezinto.

UTony Scott, umqondisi wefilimu yokuqala ye-Top Gun ngo-1986 naye washintsha umqondo wakhe ngezinto. Ngeshwa, uScott wazibulala ngeSonto, Agasti 19, 2012 eneminyaka engu-68 lapho eshona eVincent Thomas Bridge eSan Pedro, eCalifornia. Ezinsukwini ezimbili ngaphambili, uScott noCruise babendawonye ukuze bacwaninge ngokulandelana kwabo okuhlelelwe iTop Gun yeParamount. UScott no-Cruise bebese-Nevada bevakashela i-Fallon Naval Air Station njengengxenye yocwaningo lwabo lwe-movie. I-Fallon iyikhaya le- real I-Naval Fighter Weapons School, edume nge-Top Gun.

UTony Scott wayengumqondisi okhaliphile futhi ethandwa abaningi. Yena kwesokunxele amanothi emotweni yakhe nasehhovisi lakhe e-Los Angeles. Omunye wachaza ukuthi kungani azibulalele yena, kodwa leli phepha alizange lidalulwe esidlangalaleni, okwenza abantu bazibuze ukuthi wayecabangani. Mhlawumbe wayecabanga njengoJuda Iskariyothe owaphonsa izinhlamvu zesiliva ezingu-30 ethempelini ngaphambi kokuba azilengise. “Ngonile,” kusho uJuda, “ngokuba ngikhaphele igazi elingenacala.”

Ngaphambi kokukhishwa kweTop Gun, iHollywood ikhombise igagasi lokulwa nezempi elalikhona ezweni ngemuva kweMpi YaseVietnam idalule ubugebengu bempi yaseMelika kanye nezifiso zombuso. Amafilimu afana ne-Deer Hunter ne-Apocalypse Manje adlise umphakathi ukunengeka kwezempi. Lokho kwashintsha ngokukhishwa kwe-Top Gun ngo-1986. Le filimu yanqoba ihhovisi lamabhokisi, kanye nezinhliziyo nezingqondo zabantu abaningi baseMelika, ikakhulukazi labo abaneminyaka yobudala yokungena. Ngemva kokukhululwa kwayo, inqwaba yentsha yenza ujenga ukuze ibhalisele ukubhalisa ngethemba lokuba abashayeli bezindiza.

Bheka iSahluko Sesithupha, “I-Hollywood Ithembisa Ukwethembeka Kudola” encwadini yami, Ukuqashwa Kwezempi E-United States

Umqondisi u-Oliver Stone uthe i-Top Gun yasekuqaleni “bekuyifilimu yama-fascist. Yathengisa umqondo wokuthi impi ihlanzekile, impi inganqotshwa. Akekho umuntu osemuvi owake washo ukuthi usanda kuqala iMpi Yezwe Yesithathu!”

UVal Kilmer, owayedlala indawo kaTom Kazansky, owaziwa ngelika-Iceman, kuwo womabili amafilimu, wake wavuma ukuthi wayengafuni ukubonakala efilimini, wagcina evumile kudocumentary ethi “Val” ukuthi engavumelananga nokudunyiswa kwayo kwezempi.

Abalingisi abaningi nabaculi banqabile ukuvela ku-Top Gun ngoba bekholelwa ukuthi ifilimu iqhakambisa impi. Kwababengahambisani nepolitiki: uMatthew Modine, uLinda Fiorentino, uBryan Adams noBruce Springsteen, abazalelwa e-USA.

The Who kuvunyelwe Ngeke Uphinde Ukhohliswe izoqhunyiswa ezinkundleni zemidlalo yeshashalazi emhlabeni wonke ngenkathi iqembu lababulali baka-Cruise lizilolongela i-Mach-whatever acrobatics.

Ngokufanelekile, i-National Review ishicilele uhlu lwamaculo angama-50 amakhulu kakhulu e-rock. Phezulu ohlwini kukhona ethi The Who's "Ngeke Aphinde Akhohliswe," ingoma emayelana "nabavukeli abaphoxekile" abalahle imibono yabo ewubuwula.

UPete Townshend wabhala iculo mayelana nenguquko. Evesini lokuqala, kukhona ukuvukela umbuso. Phakathi, baketula labo abaphethe, kodwa ekugcineni, umbuso omusha ufana nse nomdala. (“Hlangana nomphathi omusha, ngokufanayo nomphathi omdala”). Townshend wazizwa uguquko lwalungenanjongo ngoba othatha izintambo umiselwe ukukhohlakala. Wazini?

I-Navy iyithandile ngempela!

Eqinisweni, kunestanza i-Navy ehlelwe ngaphandle kwenguqulo ye-movie:

Ushintsho, kwakufanele lufike
Besazi sonke lesikhathi
Sakhululwa emhlambini, yilokho kuphela
Futhi umhlaba ubukeka ngokufanayo
Futhi umlando awushintshiwe
Ngoba amabhanela, wonke andiza ngempi yokugcina

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Uyakuqonda. I-Navy ngokusobala ayizange ikuthande.

Umbutho Wezempi Wasolwandle ufuna sisuke eselulekweni sikaJefferson kuSimemezelo Senkululeko. Wabhala imisho emide kakhulu:

“Ohulumeni bamiswa phakathi kwabantu, bethola amandla abo alungile emvumeni yababusi, Ukuthi noma nini lapho noma yiluphi uhlobo lukahulumeni lubhubhisa lezi ziphetho, kuyiLungelo labantu ukuyiguqula noma ukuyiqeda, futhi bamise uHulumeni omusha, ibeka isisekelo salo kuzimiso ezinjalo futhi ihlela amandla ayo ngendlela enjalo, njengoba kuzobonakala sengathi iyokwenza ukuphepha nenjabulo yabo.”

Nokho, abaningi bayehluleka ukweqa inkulumo-ze yabo enonya.

Ngaphandle kokulwa nezimpi zamanje nokuhlelela ezintsha, i-Pentagon ichitha isikhathi esiningi namandla okubukela ifilimu. Intsha esekhulile ngeminyaka yokuqasha ithembela kakhulu ku-Tik Tok, i-Instagram, amamuvi, ithelevishini, i-YouTube neminye imithombo yamavidiyo ukuze yazise futhi ilolonge ukubuka kwayo komhlaba. Izingqondo zabo zithambile.

Izingane ziyathandeka.

Russ Coons uyakuqonda lokhu. UnguMqondisi we-Navy Office of Information West etholakala ku-10880 Wilshire Boulevard, e-LA.

Umgomo wehhovisi “ukunikeza isiqondiso nobungcweti kuzo zonke izigaba zenqubo yokudala, kusukela kumqondo kuye kokukhiqizwa kwangemuva, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuvezwa okuyiqiniso, okunembayo kwezimpahla, izinqubomgomo kanye nabantu bombutho wamasosha asemanzini amasiko.”

Ngiyitholile.

I-DOD iyathinteka ngalezi zinto. Emuva ngo-1993, i-Paramount yahambisa isicelo ku-Pentagon ukuze ithole usizo lokuqopha i-Forrest Gump, i-American classic. Babefuna ukusebenzisa izindiza ezinophephela emhlane zaseChinook nezinye izinto zamasosha enkathi yaseVietnam. Amasosha abenokungabaza mayelana nefilimu futhi afuna izinguquko eziningi embhalweni. Ithusi aliyithandanga isigameko lapho uGump egoba, ehlisa ibhulukwe, futhi ubonisa uMongameli Johnson isibazi esingemuva kwakhe. Abazange bayithande indlela uGump abhekisela ngayo kumphathi wakhe, uLt. Dan Taylor, ngesikhundla sakhe nangegama lakhe lokuqala. Nabo abazange basijabulele lesi sigameko lapho uLt. Dan ebonakala khona ekhala ngemva kokuba eyalelwe ukuba athumele abantu bakhe emsebenzini oyingozi. Ekugcineni, i-Paramount yenqaba ukuthobela ama-censors e-Pentagon. Umbhalo we-Forrest Gump uphikisana nesifiso samasosha sokuhlanza amafilimu ukuze asize ngokuqasha nokugcina. Ngokungafani ne-Top Gun, ayizange ithumele abantu abangase baqasheke bephuthuma eziteshini zasendaweni zokuqasha.

Ngikuthandile ukugxeka kuka-Eileen Jones kwe-Top Gun: Maverick ku Jacobin.  Uyabuza, “Ingabe kuyasiza ukukhomba ukuthi eyokuqala Top Gun kwakuyinto eyindida? Ukuthi bekuyingxenye esebenzayo yokwakhiwa kwamasosha okuhlanya kwabaphathi bakaRonald Reagan kanye nezinqubomgomo ezinolaka zokulwa nempi yama-1980s?

U-Eileen Jones uthwebula itulo: “U-Maverick uphuma empeshenini futhi uthunyelwa esikoleni sokuqeqesha i-Top Gun njengothisha, isabelo angasifuni futhi akasifanelekeli kodwa uphumelela kahle kakhulu. Kufanele aqeqeshe iqembu elihamba phambili elingcono kakhulu ukuze andize umkhankaso ongenakwenzeka, kuyahlekisa. Lo msebenzi uhlanganisa ukuhlasela izwe elingenagama, ukuqhunyiswa kwe-uranium ngaphambi kokuba bawahlomise, futhi bandize bahambe ngaphambi kokuba bahlasele. Kodwa zonke izici zemishini zidinga uhlobo lwamaqhawe angenangqondo, anamakhono angaphezu kwawemvelo akha isisekelo sesithombe senkanyezi ka-Tom Cruise - kuphela kule filimu, unethimba lama-Cruise-lings amancane okufanele wonke enze njengoba enza ukuze wenze nezimangaliso.”

Izigcawu zadutshulwa emkhunjini USS Abraham Lincoln ngo-Agasti 2018 ngesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa okubandakanya indiza yezempi ye-F-35C Lightning II yamasosha, (Kwakumele bafake i-Lockheed). Ukukhiqizwa kuphinde kwaqoshwa e-Naval Air Station Lemoore e-Central California, indawo engcoliswe kakhulu yomhlaba, nakuba singeke sisakwazi ukukhomba imibhalo ngoba amarekhodi emvelo avela e-Lemoore awasatholakali kuwebhusayithi ye-NAVFAC. I-NAVFAC iyi-Naval Facilities Engineering Command. Iwebhusayithi,  https://www.navfac.navy.mil/ kwasuswa amashumi ezinkulungwane zamarekhodi emvelo.

Ngifinyelele kuSara Gonzalez-Rothi, uMqondisi Omkhulu Wamanzi noMkhandlu Wekhwalithi Yezemvelo e-Biden White House, kodwa akazange aphendule. Ngiphinde ngathinta ihhovisi likaRep. Steny Hoyer, kodwa abasizanga. Ozakwethu nama-NGO ahlukahlukene anethonya bathule ngenkathi usonkontileka weNavy ethi “yizilima” ezigcina amawebhusayithi nokuthi imininingwane izovela kabusha kancane kancane.

Idatha ye-Lemoore ibitholakala kuze kube uLwesihlanu, Juni 3, 2022, uhlobo lwe-Kristallnacht yedijithali. AmaNazi ashisa izincwadi kuyilapho uquqaba lwenziwa amafilimu enkulumo-ze afana ne-Triumph of the Will. Abantu baseMelika basusa buthule amakhasi ewebhu kuyilapho belawula ukukhiqizwa kwamafilimu afana ne-Top Gun: Maverick.

I-F/A-18F Super Hornet ka-Boeing Defense, Space & Security, (2022 1st Q Revenues $5.5 billion) iyinkanyezi ye-movie, eceleni kwe-Cruise, (amafilimu - $10.1 billion) Indiza ithola inkokhiso ephezulu ku-movie kunokuba i-F-35C ethuthuke kakhulu eyakhiwe ngu-Lockheed Martin. (2022 1st Q Revenue $15 Billion) Kungenxa yokuthi i-F-35 iyindiza enesihlalo esisodwa, ngakho abalingisi abakwazanga ukugibela kuyo.

Uma kukhona ifilimu yesithathu ye-Top Gun abasakazi benkulumo-ze bangafuna ukuveza i-F-35 ngoba ingathwala ibhomu lenuzi le-B 61-12, kanti i-F/A 18 Super Hornet ayikwazi. I-B 61-12 inamandla aphindwe izikhathi ezingu-22 kunebhomu elacekela phansi iHiroshima. Cabanga ngesigcawu sokugcina kuleyo filimu! Abathandi befilimu baseMelika bazoyithanda ngenkathi iPentagon ingathethelela ukukhiqiza amabhomu angama-3,155 ku-$28 million lilinye.

Emvuthwandaba, abashayeli bezindiza be-Top Gun bandize ama-Super Hornets amane ukuze bacekele phansi idepho ye-uranium eqiniswe kakhulu. Amaqhawe ayandiza ngenkathi i-fireball enkulu ivala isikrini se-movie. Inhloso ifeziwe!

Izikhali

Hlobo luni lwebhomu abalwethule ukwenza lokho futhi lenzani emvelweni? Asazi ngokuqinisekile, kodwa i-hard-target-penetrator engu-2,000 pound BLU-109, eqondiswa yi-Joint Direct Attack Munition (JDAM), cishe ikhandidethi. Uhlelo lwezikhali ihlanganiswe endizeni ye-Navy fighter-attack F/A-18F Super Hornet, uhlobo lwendiza u-Tom Cruise. (akunjalo Empeleni.)

Ibhomu elingu-2,000 pound BLU-109 laliklanyelwe ukunqoba okuhlosiwe kwesitha esibucayi kakhulu nesiqinile, njengokuhlosiwe okucekelwe yizibhamu zethu eziphezulu. Isikhali singena lapho okuqondiwe khona siphelele ukuze sifinyelele ekujuleni kwamasayithi aqinile, lapho i-fuse ebambezelekile iqhumisa amakhilogremu angu-550 e-Tritonal eqhuma kakhulu, iqinisekisa ukubhujiswa okuphelele kwendawo.

IGeneral Dynamics ikhiqiza amabhomu. Le nkampani yayinemali engenayo yekota yokuqala ka-2022 yama- $ 9.4 Bilion, ngaphezu kwemali engenayo yonyaka yonke yezwe. Izizwe ezingama-50 emhlabeni.

I-Tritonal

I-Tritonal yakhiwe kakhulu nge-2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-TNT, futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi ezikhalini zamasosha ase-US. Ibanga ingxenye enkulu yokungcola okuhlobene neziqhumane endaweni esebenzayo neyangaphambilini yezempi.

I-TNT yethula ukukhathazeka okuhlukahlukene kwezempilo nemvelo. Ukukhishwa kwamanzi angcolile avela ekwenziweni kwe-TNT kuwumthombo omkhulu wokungcola kwe-TNT emhlabathini nasemanzini angaphansi komhlaba ezitshalweni zezinhlamvu zezempi (EPA 2005). I-EPA ibheka i-TNT njenge kungenzeka i-carcinogen yomuntu.

Izimpawu ezingaba khona zokuchayeka zingabandakanya ukucasuka kwesikhumba nolwelwesi lwamafinyila, ukulimala kwesibindi, i-jaundice, i-cyanosis, ukuthimula, ukukhwehlela, umphimbo obuhlungu, i-peripheral neuropathy, ubuhlungu bemisipha, ukulimala kwezinso, ulwelwesi lwamafinyila, i-dermatitis, i-leukocytosis, i-anemia kanye nokungalungi kwenhliziyo (NIOSH 2016) )

Imizila engenzeka kakhulu yokuchayeka ku-TNT isuka ekuphuzeni amanzi angcolile noma ukuthintana kwesikhumba ngamanzi angaphezulu angcolile noma inhlabathi. Ukuchayeka okungenzeka ku-TNT kungenzeka futhi ngokuhogela, noma ngokudla izitshalo ezitshalwe emhlabathini ongcolile (ATSDR 1995).

Nansi indlela i-European Chemical Agency (ECHA) ezichaza ngayo ubungozi obuhlobene ne-2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) :

Ingozi!  Le nto iyaqhuma (ingozi yokuqhuma okukhulu), inobuthi uma igwinyile, inobuthi uma ihehwa, inobuthi ezintweni eziphila emanzini futhi inemiphumela ehlala njalo futhi ingadala umonakalo ezithweni ngokuchayeka isikhathi eside noma ngokuphindaphindiwe.

I-ECHA ithi le nto ingase idale umdlavuza, kusolwa ukuthi ilimaza inzalo noma ingane engakazalwa futhi kusolwa ukuthi idala izinkinga zofuzo.

Iziqhumane zamakhemikhali esizisebenzisayo ukubulalana zisibulala kancane kancane. Yindaba ende engakhulunywa. IMelika yehlise amabhomu angama-26,171 ngo-2016 kuphela, ngokusho kuka Guardian.

I-Fallon Naval Air Station, e-Nevada iyikhaya le-Naval Fighter Weapons School, edume nge-Top Gun. Isisekelo singcoliswe kakhulu

I-Top Gun Maverick ayikhulumi ngokucekelwa phansi kwemvelo okubangelwa uMbutho Wamasosha Amanzi. Bekungaba yithuba elimangalisayo.

Nakuba amarekhodi emvelo avela ku-Fallon asusiwe ku-Naval Facilities Engineering Systems Command (NAVFAC) iwebhusayithi, siyazi ngokukhishwa kwangaphambilini kwe-DOD ukuthi amanzi angaphansi komhlaba e-Fallon ayabulala.

Ukungcoliswa Okubi Kwamanzi Angaphansi Kwase-Fallon NAS

 I-PFAS e-Fallon

E-Fallon NAS, umsebenzi ovame kakhulu obangele ukukhululwa komlando kwe-PFAS emvelweni kungenzeka usuke ekusetshenzisweni kwegwebu elikhiqiza ifilimu elinamanzi (AFFF) ukuhlola, ukuqeqeshwa, nokucisha umlilo. Iminyaka eminingi, i-Navy isebenzisa ububanzi obungamamitha angu-25 ngamamitha angu-3 umgodi ongalayishiwe ngezinjongo zokuqeqesha umlilo. I-crater enkulu yagcwala amafutha e-jet futhi yavutha. Yabe isicishwa ngegwebu eline-PFAS. I-PFAS itholwe emanzini angaphansi komhlaba esizeni. Asazi ukuthi kubi kangakanani ngoba ngeke basitshele.

Izindawo ezingaphansi kwesisekelo zenza ukuchitheka kwegazi okwenzeka ngesikhathi sokuseviswa nokuwashwa kwezindiza. Uketshezi luhlanganisa inqwaba yezinto ezingcolisa ama-wash solvents, i-lube oil, hydraulic fluid, grease, i-aviation petroli, amafutha ejethi, i-methyl ethyl ketone, ne-isopropyl alcohol. I-Navy ithi akukho ukulungiswa okudingekayo futhi uMnyango Wezokuvikela Imvelo waseNevada ulungile ngalokho.

Bona i-NAVFAC engaphelele  uphenyo lwePFAS e-Fallon, ngoMeyi 2019. Uhulumeni waseNevada akakawahlanzi amarekhodi awo ekungcolisekeni kweNavy.

I-PFAS iphinde ibe yi-degreaser ekhulayo, ngakho-ke amazinga aphezulu e-PFAS atholakala ezindaweni zokuhlanza, ukuhlola, nezindawo zokuwasha, izihlukanisi zamanzi kawoyela kanye nezinhlelo zamapayipi ezidonsela emanzini angaphezulu kanye/noma ezindaweni zokuhlanza amanzi angcolile.

I-Navy iyasetshenziswa i-chromium enzima kakhulu yokulungiswa kwe-Top Gun's F/A 18's. Yi-carcinogen u-Erin Brockovich asixwayise ngayo. I-Hex chrome, njengoba ibizwa kanjalo, inikeza ukuvimbela ukugqwala okubalulekile okusetshenziselwa ukumboza indiza. Ukukhishwa okuvela ku-chromium electroplating kanye namabhavu anodizing e-chromium atholakala enkungwini enhle ehamba emoyeni eyakhiwe inqubo. Amakhemikhali e-chromium ane-hexavalent kukhonjiswe ukuthi adala umdlavuza wamaphaphu kubantu lapho ehogelwe.

Amanani asindayo we-PFAS compounds asetshenziswa njengezicindezeli zenkungu. Zengezwa ekucwecweni kwensimbi nasekuqedeleni okugeza ukuze kuvinjelwe ukukhishwa komoya kwentuthu yensimbi enobuthi. Izindawo zokulahla ezithola imfucuza kule misebenzi kanye nodaka kanye nokungcola okuvela ezikhungweni zokuhlanza amanzi angcolile kuqukethe amazinga aphezulu e-PFAS. Bayasibulala.

I-Naval Research Laboratory-Chesapeake Bay Detachment ihlinzeka ngobufakazi obuyingcaca bokugcwala kwe-PFAS endaweni yokuhlanza amanzi amdaka eNavy.

I-Red X ibonisa indawo yokuhlanza amanzi angcolile e-Chesapeake Bay Detachment ye-Naval Research Lab e-Chesapeake Beach, eMaryland. Isisekelo sisenyakatho nasempumalanga yomugqa womngcele omhlophe esithombeni esingenhla. Ingqikithi yamazinga e-PFAS (izinhlanganisela ezi-3), emfudlaneni yeqa isuka ku-224.37 ppt iye ku-1,376 ppt njengoba idlula endaweni yokuhlanza amanzi angcolile ethola amanzi angcolile ezikhungweni zonkana zokufakwa.

I-PFAS e-Fallon ithuthela endaweni engaphansi ngemvula, igcine isigeleza emanzini angaphansi komhlaba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokuba khona kwamaxhaphozi, imisele yokukhipha amanzi, nemisele eduze nokugeleza kwamanzi eziphepho kungase kube nomthelela ekuthuthweni okubalulekile okuhamba phezu komhlaba kwezinhlanganisela eziqukethe i-PFAS ngale komngcele wesisekelo.

Igwebu lokucisha umlilo elisetshenziswe ku-Top Gun Maverick

Ngasekupheleni kwefilimu ethi Maverick kanye noQhude balahlekelwa igiya lokufikela ku-F-14 yasendulo abayikhipha esitheni. Indaba ende. Lokhu kusetha isimo esiphuthumayo sokufika lapho bethinta phansi esiphathini sendiza. Amanethi abekwe ukuze abambe indiza njengoba ihlezi ukuze ingaphahlazeki. Amatilosi afutha igwebu lesicishamlilo ngaphansi kwendiza uma nje kuqubuka umlilo. Ukuthinta okuhle.

Abasakazi benkulumo-ze bahlolisisa zonke izinhlaka, amagama nawo wonke amaculo. Isibhamu Esiphezulu: I-Maverick kwakuyifilimu enyantisayo, ukukhiqizwa okubi.