U-Alice Slater, Sibheke Enkululekweni, Januwari 15, 2025
I-Bulletin of Atomic Scientists, ngeseluleko sika-Albert Einstein nabanye ososayensi abavela ku-Manhattan Project abakha ibhomu le-athomu, basungula i-Doomsday Clock, ngo-1947, ukuze kuboniswe ingozi ebhubhisayo umhlaba obhekene nayo kusukela ekudalweni kwebhomu lenuzi elibi. . Ngaleso sikhathi, iwashi lalibekwe emizuzwini eyi-7 kuya phakathi kwamabili, isilinganiso sabo sokuthi singakanani isikhathi esasisele ngaphambi kwempi yenuzi esasizodala umonakalo omkhulu emhlabeni wethu nazo zonke izinto eziphilayo ezikhona.
Ngokuhamba kweminyaka, izandla zewashi ziye zahlelwa kabusha, phambili nangemuva, njengoba ososayensi nabenzi bezinqubomgomo balinganisela ukuthi ingozi yenuzi yayisondela ngokushesha kangakanani, ngokusekelwe ezingozini amanye amazwe abhekana nazo ekutholeni izikhali zenuzi kanye nezindlela ezintsha zokulawula izikhali, izikhali. imikhawulo, nezivumelwano, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwe-US neRussia mayelana nezinyathelo zokuhoxiswa kwezikhali. Ngethemba elikhulu, izandla zeDoomsday zayiswa emaminithini angu-17 kuya phakathi kwamabili ngo-1991 lapho i-US ne-USSR imemezela ukuqedwa okuphelele kokuhlolwa kwezikhali zenuzi.
Kuyamangaza ukuthi, naphezu kweminyaka yezinyathelo zokulawula izikhali zenuzi, okuholele ekutheni izikhali zezikhali zehle zisuka phezulu kwamabhomu e-70,000 esiqongweni sokuhlanya kwezikhali zenuzi emhlabeni, ziye cishe ku-12,000 namuhla, eziyi-11,000 zazo ezise-US naseRussia cishe eziyi-4,000 zimi futhi zilungele hamba, nenye i-1000 ephethwe ezinye izifunda eziyisithupha zezikhali zenuzi—UK, France, China, India, I-Pakistan, i-Israel, neNyakatho Korea— iwashi alikaze libekwe eduze ne-Doomsday kunanamuhla—Emizuzwanani engu-90 kuya phakathi kwamabili!1
Isikhathi sokuguqula iwashi futhi ushintshe ingxoxo! Izixwayiso ezimbi mayelana ne-Dooms zenze okuncane ukukhulisa ukuphepha komhlaba wethu kule minyaka engama-77. Sekuyisikhathi sokukhuluma ngamathuba amaningi kanye namathuba aphuthelwe okudala ukusa okusha koSuku Lokuthula, ukushintsha iwashi lenhlekelele libe iwashi elingaphawula izixazululo eziningi ebezinganakiwe futhi zinganakwa. Kufanele siyeke ukunikeza isibusiso nemvume yethu. ezinyathelweni ezingapheli “zokulawula” izingalo eziholela engozini eyengeziwe njengoba kuboniswa iwashi le-Doomsday eligugayo.
Esikhundleni salokho, kufanele sifune ukuqedwa kwazo, njengoba sidlulela ezweni elingenakhozi elinokuthula elingasatshiswa ukubhujiswa okuyinhlekelele. Impela, izazi ezibhala ngendaba edabukisayo yezingxoxo ezingapheli zokulawula izikhali kodwa zingaqedi ngisho nokuqamba igama elisha lezinyathelo ezingasho lutho eziya ndawo-anti-preneurism-lapho esikhundleni sokuthi i-US iphakamise ukuqedwa, noma ukuncishiswa kwezikhali okuphelele nokuphelele, noma ukuqedwa kwezikhali, kuhlale kuhlongoza izinyathelo ezintsha ezingasho lutho eziya ekuqhubekeleni phambili okungamanga!2
Ukuze siqale ingxoxo entsha yokuqedwa, kufanele sivume amathuba aphuthelwe kanye nezithembiso eziphuliwe kusukela ekuqaleni kwenkathi yenuzi. Ekuqaleni, ngo-1945, uStalin wacela uTruman ukuthi abeke ibhomu lenuzi ngaphansi kokulawulwa kwamazwe ngamazwe eNhlanganweni Yezizwe Ezihlangene eyayisanda kusungulwa. I-US yasenqaba isiphakamiso saseRussia futhi iRussia yathola ibhomu!3
Lapho udonga lwehla eJalimane futhi u-Gorbachev ehlakaza i-Warsaw Pact futhi wakhulula yonke i-Eastern Europe eyayihlaselwe, wahlongoza u-Reagan ukuthi i-US neRussia ziqede zonke izikhali zenuzi, inqobo nje uma i-US izoqeda uhlelo lwayo lwe-"Star Wars" lokubusa futhi. lawula ukusetshenziswa kwezempi kwendawo. UReagan wamenqaba futhi uGorbachev wasihoxisa isicelo seRussia.4
UGorbachev, ekhathazekile ngesiphetho seMpumalanga Jalimane, unxuse uReagan ukuthi angayithathi iJalimane ebumbene kuNATO. AmaRussia alahlekelwa abantu abayizigidi ezingu-27 ekuhlaselweni kwamaNazi kweMpi Yezwe II! I-US yamqinisekisa ukuthi i-NATO ngeke yandise "intshi eyodwa empumalanga."5
Naphezu kwesicelo esiphindaphindiwe esiya e-US esivela kuMongameli waseRussia u-Putin ukuthi ahloniphe lezo zithembiso zase-US ezenziwe ku-Gorbachev futhi futhi e-Yeltsin, e-US, eqhutshwa imibono yoMbuso yanda kancane kancane i-Nato ngasempumalanga. Kwaqala ngokunwetshwa kukaClinton kwe-NATO ePoland, eHungary, naseCzech Republic ngo-1999, kwalandelwa yiBulgaria, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania, Slovakia neSlovenia ngo-2004, kanye ne-Albania, Croatia, Montenegro kanye neNyakatho Macedonia phakathi kuka-2009 no-2017.6. Futhi phakathi nempi e-Ukraine, iSweden neFinland bajoyina i-NATO.
I-US imisa izikhali zenuzi ezifundeni ezi-5: iJalimane, iNetherlands, i-Italy, iBelgium neTurkey. I-Russia, phakathi nempi yase-Ukraine, yabeka izikhali zenuzi eBelarus.
UClinton wahola i-NATO ekuqhunyisweni kwebhomu e-Kosovo ngo-1999, edlula i-veto yaseRussia eMkhandlwini wezokuPhepha, ephula isivumelwano se-UN esazisayina ukuthi singalokothi senze impi yobudlova ngokumelene nesinye isizwe ngaphandle kokuba sisengozini yokuhlaselwa;
UClinton wenqaba isiphakamiso sikaPutin sokuthi ngamunye anqamule izikhali zethu ezinkulu zezikhali zenuzi zibe amabhomu ayi-1000 lilinye futhi abize bonke abanye etafuleni ukuze baxoxisane ukuze baqedwe, inqobo nje uma siyeka ukwakha izindawo ezicitshwayo eRomania;
UBush waphuma ku-1972 Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty ngo-2002 futhi u-Obama wabeka isisekelo semicibisholo entsha eRomania ngenkathi uTrump akha esinye ePoland;
U-Obama wenze isithembiso esingaphezu kwesigidi sesigidi samadola eminyakeni engama-30 ezayo ezimbonini ezimbili ezintsha zamabhomu enuzi, imicibisholo, imikhumbi-ngwenya, izindiza zezindiza kanye nezihloko zempi ezinyuswe kakhulu nguTrump noBiden.7
Naphezu kwezicelo eziphindaphindiwe ezivela eRussia naseChina zokuxoxisana ngezivumelwano zokuvimbela izikhali emkhathini kanye ne-cyberwar ezinqumweni ze-UN nezinkundla zokuxoxisana, i-US yenqaba ukubambisana.8
Sisenkathini yenguquko emlandweni. Sekuyisikhathi sokushintsha ingxoxo ngeziphakamiso ezintsha ezigqamile. Iziphakamiso eziqinisekisiwe zizosilethela ikhefu ebugebengwini obukhulayo. Iziphakamiso ezizoletha uguquko ekuqapheleni iplanethi yethu zisivumela ukuthi siphendule ngokubambisana enhlekeleleni yesimo sezulu esiyingozi ezayo emgwaqeni! Iziphakamiso ezizoletha ukukhanya kokusa futhi ziguqule Iwashi Losuku Lwenhlekelele libe iwashi elisha loSuku Lokuthula. Umama woMhlaba uphelelwa yisineke ngobuwula besintu.
Nalu uchungechunge lwezinyathelo ezingase ziholele ekuthuleni emhlabeni uma i-US isilungele ukuhlangana ngokumelene nalokho okuye kwachazwa ngokuthi i-MICIMATT (I-Military, Industrial, Congressional, Intelligence, Media, Academic Think Tank complex) futhi isebenzela ukuthula.
- Thatha iziphakamiso eziphindaphindiwe zesiRashiya nesiShayina zezivumelwano zokuvimbela izikhali emkhathini kanye ne-cyberwar
- Buyisela i-Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty yango-1972 neRussia futhi ususe imicibisholo yase-US e-Romania nase-Poland
- Susa izikhali zenuzi zase-US ezifundazweni ezinhlanu ze-NATO esivumelwaneni sokuthi iRussia isuse izikhali zenuzi ezisanda kubekwa eBelarus
- Susa zonke izikhali zenuzi futhi uhlukanise izikhali ezinhlelweni zazo zokulethwa njengoba kwenza iChina– ubuhlakani baseMpumalanga.
- Susa i-NATO futhi uhloniphe futhi uhloniphe iNhlangano Yezizwe
Akungabazeki ukuthi iRussia neChina bangaba ozakwethu abazimisele kulezi zinhlelo. Sekuyiminyaka engaphezu kweyishumi bebaphakamisa e-United States futhi babavotela ku-UN.
1 https://fas.org/initiative/status-world-nuclear-forces/
2 https://www.academia.edu/77004279/Resistance_to_the_emergent_norm_to_advance_progress_towards_the_complete_elimination_of_nuclear_weapons?email_work_card=thumbnail
3 https://www.wilsoncenter.org/blog-post/soviet-union-and-baruch-plan/
4 https://ahf.nuclearmuseum.org/ahf/history/reagan-and-gorbachev-reykjavik-summit/
5 https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/briefing-book/russia-programs/2017-12-12/nato-expansion-what-gorbachev-heard-western-leaders-early/
6 https://ndisc.nd.edu/news-media/news/the-addition-of-nato-members-over-time-1949-2023/
7 https://fpif.org/president-obamas-twisted-nuclear-weapons-legacy/#!
8 https://www.reachingcriticalwill.org/disarmament-fora/cd/2014/cd-reports/8908-russia-and-china-table-new-draft-treaty-to-prevent-weapons-in-space
