Ikhredithi: Ashitakka
Ibhalwe nguLawrence S. Wittner, World BEYOND War, Okthoba 10, 2022
Impi yase-Ukraine isinikeza elinye futhi ithuba lokucabangela lokho okungase kwenziwe ngezimpi eziqhubeka zicekela phansi umhlaba.
Impi yamanje yaseRussia yonya iyesabeka kakhulu, ehlanganisa ukuhlasela kwezempi okukhulu kwesizwe esincane, esibuthakathaka, izinsongo zempi yenuzi, ubugebengu bempi obusakazekile, kanye nenkosi ukufakwa. Kodwa, maye, le mpi embi imane iyingxenye encane yomlando wezingxabano ezinobudlova eziye zabonisa izinkulungwane zeminyaka yokuba khona komuntu.
Ingabe ayikho ngempela enye indlela yalokhu kuziphatha kwakudala nokulimaza kakhulu?
Enye indlela, osekunesikhathi eside yamukelwa ohulumeni, iwukwakha amandla ezempi esizwe kangangokuthi ivikele lokho abasekeli bayo abakubiza ngokuthi “Ukuthula Ngamandla.” Kodwa le nqubomgomo inemikhawulo enzima. Ukwakhiwa kwezempi kwesizwe esisodwa kubonwa ezinye izizwe njengengozi ekuvikelekeni kwazo. Ngenxa yalokho, ngokuvamile basabela kulokho okubonakala kuwusongo ngokuqinisa amabutho abo ahlomile futhi benze imifelandawonye yezempi. Kulesi simo, isimo sokwesaba siyakhula esivame ukuholela ezimpini.
Yebo ohulumeni abalona iphutha ngokuphelele ngokubona kwabo ingozi, ngoba izizwe ezinamandla amakhulu ezempi ziyaqinela ngempela futhi zihlasele amazwe abuthaka kakhudlwana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, balwa omunye nomunye. La maqiniso adabukisayo awabonakali nje kuphela ngokuhlasela kwamaRussia e-Ukraine, kodwa ngokuziphatha kwangaphambili kwamanye “amandla amakhulu,” ahlanganisa iSpain, iBrithani, iFrance, iJalimane, iJapane, iChina, ne-United States.
Ukube amandla ezempi aletha ukuthula, impi ibingeke iqhubeke phakathi namakhulu eminyaka noma, empeleni, idlangile namuhla.
Enye inqubomgomo yokugwema impi ohulumeni abaye baphendukela kuyo ngezikhathi ezithile iwukuzihlukanisa, noma, njengoba abasekeli bayo ngezinye izikhathi besho, “ukunaka izindaba zakho siqu.” Ngezinye izikhathi, yebo, ukuzihlukanisa kugcina isizwe ngasinye singenazo izinto ezesabekayo zempi eqhutshwa ezinye izizwe. Kodwa-ke, akusizi lutho ukumisa impi—impi, okuxakayo, engase igcine isigubuzele leso sizwe. Futhi, vele, uma impi inqotshwa ngamandla anolaka, okwandisa noma oyedwa okhule ekhukhumele ngenxa yokunqoba kwawo kwezempi, isizwe esizimele singase sibe esilandelayo ku-ajenda yomnqobi. Ngale ndlela, ukuphepha kwesikhashana kuthengwa ngentengo yokungavikeleki nokunqotshwa kwesikhathi eside.
Ngenhlanhla, kunenye enye indlela yesithathu—leyo ongqondongqondo abakhulu futhi, ngezinye izikhathi, nohulumeni bamazwe abaye bayikhuthaza. Futhi lokho kuqiniswa ukubusa komhlaba wonke. Inzuzo enkulu yokubusa komhlaba wonke wukuthatha indawo yesiphithiphithi samazwe ngamazwe ngomthetho wamazwe ngamazwe. Kusho ukuthini lokhu ukuthi, esikhundleni somhlaba lapho isizwe ngasinye sibheka izithakazelo zaso kuphela—futhi ngaleyo ndlela, nakanjani, sigcine sesiqhudelana futhi, ekugcineni, singqubuzane nezinye izizwe—kuyoba nomhlaba owakhiwe ngokubambisana ngokubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe, ongamele. phezu kukahulumeni okhethwe abantu bazo zonke izizwe. Uma lokhu kuzwakala kufana neZizwe Ezihlangene, lokho kungenxa yokuthi, ngo-1945, ngasekupheleni kwempi ebhubhisa kakhulu emlandweni wesintu, inhlangano yomhlaba yasungulwa inalokho engqondweni.
Ngokungafani “nokuthula ngamandla” kanye nokuzihlukanisa, amajaji asaphumile uma kuziwa ekusebenziseni iZizwe Ezihlangene ngale ndlela. Yebo, ikwazile ukudonsa izizwe zomhlaba ndawonye ukuze ixoxe ngezindaba zomhlaba wonke nokudala izivumelwano nemithetho yomhlaba wonke, kanye nokugwema noma ukuqeda izingxabano eziningi zamazwe ngamazwe nokusebenzisa amabutho e-UN okugcina ukuthula ukuze ahlukanise amaqembu ahileleke ezingxabanweni ezinobudlova. Kuphinde kwavusa isenzo somhlaba wonke sobulungisa bezenhlalakahle, ukusimama kwemvelo, impilo yomhlaba wonke, kanye nokuthuthuka komnotho. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iZizwe Ezihlangene azizange ziphumelele njengoba kufanele, ikakhulukazi lapho kuziwa ekukhuthazeni ukuqedwa kwezikhali nokuqeda impi. Ngokuvamile inhlangano yamazwe ngamazwe ihlale iyizwi elinesizungu lengqondo enengqondo emhlabeni wonke obuswa amazwe anamandla, abangela impi.
Isiphetho esinengqondo siwukuthi, uma sifuna ukuthuthukiswa komhlaba onokuthula, iZizwe Ezihlangene kufanele ziqiniswe.
Esinye sezinyathelo eziwusizo kakhulu ezingase zithathwe kungaba ukuguqula uMkhandlu Wezokuphepha we-UN. Njengoba izinto zimi manje, noma yiliphi kumalungu ayo amahlanu ahlala unomphela (i-United States, i-China, iRussia, iBrithani, neFrance) lingaphikisa isenzo se-UN sokuthula. Futhi ngokuvamile yilokho abakwenzayo, okwenza iRussia, isibonelo, ivimbele isenzo soMkhandlu Wezokuphepha ukuze iqede ukuhlasela kwayo e-Ukraine. Bekungeke yini kube nengqondo ukulahla i-veto, noma ukuguqula amalungu angunaphakade, noma ukuthuthukisa ubulungu obushintshayo, noma ukumane kuqedwe uMkhandlu Wezokuphepha bese udlulisela isenzo sokuthula ku-UN General Assembly - okuyinhlangano, ngokungafani noMkhandlu Wezokuphepha, imelela cishe zonke izizwe zomhlaba?
Ezinye izinyathelo zokuqinisa iZizwe Ezihlangene akunzima ukuzicabanga. Inhlangano yomhlaba wonke ingase inikezwe amandla okukhokhisa intela, kanjalo iyikhulule esidingweni sokuba izizwe ezincengayo zikwazi ukukhokhela izindleko zayo. Kungenziwa intando yeningi ngephalamende lomhlaba elimele abantu kunohulumeni babo. Ingase iqiniswe ngamathuluzi okudlulela ngalé kokudala umthetho wamazwe ngamazwe ukuze iwusebenzise ngempela. Sekukonke, iZizwe Ezihlangene zingaguqulwa zisuke kumfelandawonye obuthakathaka wezizwe okhona njengamanje zibe umfelandawonye ohlangene wezizwe-umfelandawonye ozobhekana nezindaba zamazwe ngamazwe kuyilapho amazwe ngamanye ebhekana nezindaba zawo zasekhaya.
Ngokumelene nesizinda sezinkulungwane zeminyaka yezimpi ezichitha igazi kanye nengozi ehlala ikhona yokuqothulwa kwezikhali zenuzi, asikafiki yini isikhathi sokuqeda isiphithiphithi samazwe ngamazwe nokudala izwe elibuswayo?
UDkt Lawrence Wittner, ehlanganiswe ngu PeaceVoice, unguSolwazi Womlando ophumayo e-SUNY/Albany kanye nombhali we Ukubhekana neBhomu (I-Stanford University Press).
