NguDavid Swanson
Kungase kube nokukhula okukhulu ekuthembekeni kukahulumeni maduze, njengoba zombili izindlu zeCongress manje seziphumelele ngamavoti amabili kwezintathu futhi zathumela ezifundazweni ukuze kugunyazwe ukuchitshiyelwa okungaba khona kwama-28 kuMthethosisekelo wase-US onesihloko esingekho emthethweni esithi “Iqiniso Ekuchibiyelweni Kwezokukhangisa. .” Lona umbhalo njengoba uphasiswe yiCongress:
Ukuchitshiyelwa 28
Isethulo: Imibhalo yokuqala ukuya kweyeshumi yokuchitshiyelwa kuMthethosisekelo wase-United States iyachithwa.
1. ICongress ngeke yenze umthetho ophathelene nokusungulwa kwenkolo, ngaphandle kwekhefu lentela emasontweni, futhi ngaphandle kweziteleka ezifanele zokugadwa, ukuboshwa, kanye neziteleka zamalungu anoma iyiphi inkolo engamisiwe, noma owenqabela ukusetshenziswa kwayo mahhala ngaphandle kwalapho ugodla izintela ezixhasa impi; noma ukunqamula inkululeko yokugwazela imikhankaso nganoma iyiphi indlela noma inkululeko yokukhuluma evela ezindaweni ezanele ezivalelwe endaweni eqhelelene nabangase babe ngabalaleli, ngaphandle uma leyo nkulumo iveza ububi obenziwa nguhulumeni; noma wenhlangano yabezindaba noma ilungelo layo lokusakaza impi; noma ilungelo labantu abamhlophe lokuhlangana ngokuthula lapho bengahleli inyunyana, bephikisana nempi, noma bebhikishela ukungabi nabulungisa, futhi bacele uHulumeni ukuba alungise izikhalo, futhi acabange ngokuthula ukuhlakanipha kukaHulumeni ekushayweni indiva noma yiziphi izimfuno.
2. Izwe elihlome kahle, elidingekile enzuzweni yabenzi bezikhali, ilungelo labantu, amaphoyisa, uhulumeni, nezizwe zakwamanye amazwe ukugcina futhi baphathe noma yisiphi isikhali abangase bakwazi ukusithenga, ngeke kwephulwa, noma amaqiniso. ngomonakalo owenziwe kuxoxwe obala.
3. Alikho isosha eliyothi ngesikhathi sokuthula lifundiswe impi yokuzikhethela, engadingekile, engakhiqizi, engalawuleki, ebulalayo, futhi ebangela ukuhlukumezeka, nanoma yimuphi umakadebona wezempi oyohlukaniswa kunoma iyiphi indlu ngaphandle kwezimali ezifanele noma imalimboleko yokuthenga noma uqasha leyo ndlu ngendlela ebekwe ngumthetho.
4. Ilungelo labantu abamhlophe lokuba bavikeleke kubantu, ezindlini, emaphepheni, nasemiphumeleni yabo, ekusesheni nasekushaqweni okungenangqondo, ngeke lephulwe kakhulu, futhi akukho zigunyazo eziyokhishwa, kodwa ngenxa yesizathu esingenzeka, esisekelwa isifungo noma isiqinisekiso; futhi ikakhulukazi echaza indawo okufanele iseshwe, kanye nabantu noma izinto okufanele zishaqwe, ngaphandle uma uHulumeni ebona kufanele ukuqoqa noma yikuphi ukuxhumana ngogesi noma okunye, noma ukuqopha noma ukwenza ifilimu noma yikuphi ukuziphatha, noma ukuthumba, ukubopha, ukuhlukumeza, noma ukubulala. noma yimuphi umuntu.
5. Alikho iphoyisa eliyoboshelwa ukuyoziphendulela ngecala elikhulu, noma ngenye indlela ubugebengu obunedumela elibi, ngaphandle uma kwethulwe noma sithwesa amacala eNkantolo Enkulu, ngaphandle kwasemacaleni avela kumbutho wezwe noma wezempi yasolwandle, noma embuthweni wezempi, lapho ngokoqobo. ngesikhathi sempi noma ingozi yomphakathi, lapho izimo fuggedaboutit; futhi akekho omhlophe oyobekwa icala elifanayo ukuba abekwe engcupheni impilo noma isitho esiphindwe kabili; futhi noma isiphi isikhulu esiphezulu ngeke siphoqwe kunoma yiliphi icala lobugebengu ukuba sibe ufakazi ezimelene naso, nanoma yimuphi umuntu ongamtsheli uyophucwa ukuphila, inkululeko, noma impahla, ngaphandle kwenqubo yomthetho efanelekile, ngaphandle kwalapho kubekwe esigabeni 4; futhi impahla yomuntu siqu ngeke ithathwe ukuze isetshenziswe umphakathi ngaphandle kwesinxephezelo esifanele, ngaphandle uma othile ebheme insangu.
6. Kukho konke ukushushiswa kobugebengu kwabamangalelwa abacebe ngokwedlulele, ummangalelwa uyojabulela ilungelo lokuqulwa kwecala ngokushesha nelomphakathi, yijaji elingathathi hlangothi loMbuso nesifunda lapho ubugebengu benziwe khona, isiphi isifunda esiyobe sitholwe ngokomthetho ngaphambilini. , kanye nokwaziswa ngohlobo nembangela yecala; ukuba abhekane nofakazi ngokumelene naye; ukuba nenqubo eyimpoqo yokuthola ofakazi abavuna yena, nokuba nosizo lomeluleki ukuze amvikele.
7. Emacaleni omthetho ovamile, lapho inani lempikiswano lizodlula izigidi ezingamashumi amabili zamaRandi, ilungelo lokuqulwa kwecala liyogcinwa, futhi alikho iqiniso elivivinywa ijaji elizophinde libhekwe kunoma iyiphi inkantolo yase-United States, ngaphandle kokuthi emithethweni ye-White House Office of Legal Counsel.
8. Ibheyili eyeqile angeke idingeke kubantu abamhlophe, noma izinhlawulo ezeqile eziyothweswa izikhulu eziphezulu, noma izijeziso ezinonya nezingajwayelekile ezitholwa abantu abangenalo ikhwela, nanoma ngubani ongaqokwanga njengowesilisa oseminyakeni yezempi.
9. Ukubalwa kuMthethosisekelo, kwamalungelo athile, ngeke kuthathwe njengokuphika noma ukubukela phansi abanye abagcinwe abantu, kubandakanya nelungelo lokuthenga.
10. Amandla angaphathiswanga i-United States ngoMthethosisekelo, noma awenqatshelwe yimiZwe, abekelwe imiZwe ngokulandelana kwawo, noma kubantu, ngokubona kukaMongameli.
