Lolu hlu lusangezwa ku- http://www.nobelwill.org/index.html?tab=7
Incwadi kaFeb. 2, 2016 evela kuNobel Peace Prize Watch eya eKomidini likaNobel:
Sawubona Kaci Kullmann Five, Thorbjørn Jagland, Berit Reiss-Andersen, Henrik Syse, Inger-
UMarie Ytterhorn, amalungu ekomiti
ABAQONDISI ABAQINISEKILE - I-NOBEL YANGO-2016 YAMQHAWULO YOKUTHULA
I-Nobel Peace Prize Watch inenjabulo yokuletha kuwe uhlu lwethu olufushane lwa
abakhethiwe bafanelekele ukuthola umklomelo we-Nobel ka-2016 "wabashampeni bokuthula." Uhlu yilo
okusekelwe ekuhlaziyweni kwenjongo kaNobel empeleni abeyicabanga kanye nokuqokwa kwangempela,
eshicilelwe ngezansi, hhayi nje ukuqagela. Uhlu selulungiswe njengengxenye ye-NPPW's
ukuqhubeka nomzamo wokufeza umbono othile wokuthula uNobel ayenawo engqondweni, ngokuthi 1) asize
abaklomelisa ngemiklomelo yokuthula kanye nabaqokile, 2) ukwazisa umphakathi jikelele, 3) ukukhuthaza bonke
ukhathazekile ngokubona kanye nokungena ohlelweni lokuthula uNobel okukhulunywe ngalo encwadini yakhe yefa. Sicela uthole eyethu
uhlu lwabafanelekayo lapha: http://nobelwill.org/index.html?tab=7...
Funda incwadi ephelele lapha
Imihlahlandlela ye-Nobel Peace Prize Watch yokuhlunga abaqokiwe, niyabo lapha
LIST - AMAMANDLA AQINISEKILE NGOKUSEBENZISWA KWE-NOBEL PEACE PRIZE 2016
Article 9, EJapane
Bolkovac, Kathryn, EU.SA
UBryn, Steinar, Norway
U-Tony de Brum kanye nethimba lezomthetho (i-Marshall Islands)., IRiphabhulikhi yaseMarshall Islands
UFalk, uRichard, EU.SA
UFerencz, uBenjamin, EU.SA
UGaltung, uJohan, Norway
IALANA, I-International Association of Lawyers against Nuclear War, Berlin, New York, Colombo (Sri Lanka)
Johnson, Rebecca, UK
UJuristen kanye noJuristinnen benza i-atomare, i-biologische ung chemische Waffen, Berlin
Malalai Joya, Afghanistan
UDavid Krieger, EU.SA
Lindner, u-Evelin, isisekelo esiyinhloko saseNorway
Federico Mayor kanye nesiko lokuthula isinyathelo, ESpain
Hidankyo, Nihon Japan
I-Nuclear Age Peace Foundation, NAPF, USA
Oberg, Jan, Sweden
Pace, Bill, EU.SA
Amaphalamende weNuclear Non-Proliferation and Disarmament (PNND)
Roy, Arundhati, India
Snowden, Edward, EU.SA
Weiss, Peter, I-New York
League International International for Peace and Freedom (WILPF)
Ukhethwe ngephrofayli. Terje Einarsen, Uni of Bergen kanye nenzuzo. Aslak Syse, I-Uni yase-Oslo:
Kathryn Bolkovac, EU.SA
Isithombe esinokulungiswa okuphezulu lapha
Arundhati Roy, India
Edward Snowden, EU.SA (ekudingisweni)
Isithombe esinokulungiswa okuphezulu lapha
“U-Arundhati Roy ungumbhali nesishoshovu saseNdiya, futhi ungomunye wabagxeki abakhuthazayo nabanamandla esikhathini sethu samandla esimanje ezempi, izikhali zenuzi kanye neo-imperialism. Impilo kanye nomsebenzi kaRoy kunesimo esicacile samazwe ngamazwe, ukulwa nokungabi nabulungisa emhlabeni wonke ngomdonsiswano obhubhisayo wempi phezu kwamandla nomthelela esikhungweni sakho. Isexwayiso sakhe esinamandla ngezikhali zenuzi embhalweni othi “Ukuphela Kokucabanga” sibonisa ukuthi umuntu usezicekele phansi futhi engenangqondo kanjani lapho ejaha ukulawula namandla. Uyabhala: “Ibhomu lenuzi liyinto embi kakhulu emelene nentando yeningi, emelene nezwe, emelene nobuntu, embi kakhulu eyake yenziwa umuntu.” Ku-"War is Peace", ubhala ngombono ophikisanayo wokuthi ukuthula kungafinyelelwa ngezindlela zempi; Impi ayikona ukuthula – ukuthula kungukuthula. …. “
Laba abathathu ... bavuka ukuze bavikele intando yeningi, ukuthula, kanye nobulungiswa ngokusongelwa ukuthi amasosha ahlale ehlanganisa, ngisho nalapho kwenzeka khona inhloso. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu esikhathini sethu, lapho ikusasa lizobe libhekene nezinselelo ezinkulu zomhlaba ezidinga ukukhetha okuvamile okuvamile kwezindlela zokuthula.
[Nobel] kuya I-Snowden, Bolkovac futhi Roy kuzoba ngumklomelo ngokuvumelana nentando ka-Alfred Nobel, echaza ukuthi umklomelo uzonikezwa ompetha bokuthula abagqugquzela ukubambisana komhlaba wonke (ubuzalwane bezizwe) ngohlelo lomhlaba olufuna ukuthula ngezindlela ezinokuthula. USnowden, Bolkovac noRoy bavela ezizindeni ezahlukahlukene kanti nomsebenzi wokuthula abenza kuwo uthatha izindlela ezahlukahlukene. Ngokubambisana bakhombisa isidingo sokwakhiwa kokuhleleka komhlaba okhubazeke kakhulu ngokuziphatha, ubumbano, isibindi kanye nobulungiswa. ”
Umbhalo ophelele wokuqokwa, ku Norwegian, ngokuhumusha kwesiNgisi,
Bolkovac uqokwe nguProf. Syse ngo-2015, bheka lapha, I-Snowden nguProf. Einarsen, bona lapha. Arundathi Roy ukuqokwa okusha (okokuqala(?)).
Ukhethwe ngu Snežana Jonica, MP, Montenegro (naye waqokwa ngo-2015):
Steinar Bryn, Norway
“Umsebenzi wabo wokuthula nokubuyisana waqala lapho iSarajevo isavinjezelwe ngo-1995. Ukuxhumana KweOlympic phakathi kweSarajevo (1984) noLillehammer (1994) kwavula iminyango futhi kwenza ukuba iNansen Academy eLillehammer ingene endaweni yempi eBosnia futhi I-Herzegovina
Kule minyaka engu-20 edlule (bheka incwadi ethi 20 Years in the Eyes of the Storm) iNansen Dialogue Network isebenze ngokuqhubekayo, iphikelela ukwakha ukwethembana nokuzethemba emiphakathini yendawo emiphakathini ehlaselwe yizimpi kakhulu eYurophu ngemva kweWW II, … lokuthembana, ukubekezelelana kanye lokudidiyela.
[Nils Christie, ngo-2015:]
“Kodwa kuyacaca ukuthi le mibono nezifiso zibaluleke kakhulu endimeni yamazwe ngamazwe. USteinar Bryn kanye no-Nansen Dialogue benze imodeli ekhombisa ukuthi ukubuyisana, ukuxazululwa kanye nokwakha ukuthula kungenzeka, ngisho nangaphakathi lapho amanxeba amakhulu namasha angemuva kwempi esekhona. Lokhu okuhlangenwe nakho okubalulekile kanye nemibono yenani elikhulu kakhulu lomzamo wokwakha ukuthula emhlabeni wonke uNobel abenawo njengenhloso yomklomelo; ulwazi olusha olufanelwe ukuqashelwa nokunakwa uMklomelo KaNobel.”
Bona ukuqokwa okuphelele lapha.
Uqokwe ngabakwa I-International Peace Bureau, Geneva (owathola umklomelo kaNobel ngo-1910):
U-Tony de Brum kanye nethimba lezomthetho (i-Marshall Islands)., IRiphabhulikhi yaseMarshall Islands
“Ngomhla zingama-24 kuMbasa wezi-2014, iRiphabhulikhi yaseMarshall Islands, i-RMI, yafaka amacala ayingqopha-mlando ngokumelene nezizwe eziyisishiyagalolunye ezihlome ngezikhali zenuzi ngokwehluleka ukuthobela izibopho zazo ngaphansi komthetho wamazwe ngamazwe wokuphishekela izingxoxo zokuqedwa kwezikhali zenuzi emhlabeni wonke. Njengoba i-Nuclear Age Peace Foundation [omunye oqokwe ngo-2016] igcizelela: “IRiphabhulikhi yaseMarshall Islands isebenzela izigidigidi eziyisikhombisa zethu esihlala kule planethi ukuqeda usongo lwezikhali zenuzi olulenga phezu kwabo bonke abantu. Wonke umuntu unesandla kulokhu.”
I-RMI yenze isinyathelo esinesibindi sokuphonsela inselelo amazwe ayisishiyagalolunye anamandla emhlabeni eNkantolo Yezobulungiswa Yamazwe Ngamazwe [kanye] ecaleni elifanayo elibhekene ne-USA eNkantolo Yesifunda Yesifunda1. I-RMI ithi amazwe aphethe izikhali zenuzi ephule izibopho zawo ngaphansi kwe-Article VI yeSivumelwano Sokungavikeleki Kwezikhali Zenuzi (NPT) kanye nomthetho wamazwe ngamazwe ovamile ngokuqhubeka nokwenza izikhali zawo zibe zesimanje nangokwehluleka ukuqhuba izingxoxo ngokwethembeka ukuncishiswa kwezikhali zenuzi.
OwayenguNgqongqoshe Wezangaphandle we-RMI uTony de Brum ubambe iqhaza elikhulu kwezombusazwe ekutholeni ukwesekwa nokugunyazwa kwalolu hlelo.”
Bona ukuqokwa okuphelele lapha.
Oqokiwekuhlelwe ngu I-Marit Arnstad, Ilungu LePhalamende LaseNorway (futhi ngo-2015):
UDaniel Ellsberg, EU.SA
Isithombe esinokulungiswa okuphezulu lapha
“…. I-Ellsberg iyisibonelo esikhuthazayo sokuthi isakhamuzi esinegunya nesibophezelekile singathonya kanjani imicimbi yomlando womhlaba. Ubezimisele ukukhokha inani eliphezulu ukuze abelane ngalolu lwazi esidlangalaleni - futhi waba nesandla esibonakalayo ekuphetheni kwesinye sezahluko ezimbi kakhulu zomlando wempi wekhulu lama-20. Iqiniso lokuthi u-Ellsberg uyisakhamuzi sesinye sezizwe ezinamandla kakhulu emhlabeni lengeza isici esithile esivivaneni sakhe sokuthula. Ngaphezu kwalokhu esinakho EllsbergUmsebenzi wempilo yonke futhi oncomekayo ngokumangalisayo wokuthula nokuncishiswa kwezikhali, lapho emele inhlangano ehlanganisa yonke iminyaka eye yanikela ekuthuleni nasekuncipheni. Uqhubekisele phambili lo msebenzi ngamandla anganciphisi ngo-2015.
Isibonelo sika-Ellsberg nesimo sakhe sengqondo sibonakale sinokubaluleka okukhulu kwamanje, futhi uzuze idumela elimfanele “njengendoda endala” yokushaya ikhwelo. ”
Bona ukuqokwa lapha (ngesiNorwegian) kanye lapha (ngesihumusho sesiNgisi).
Uqokwe uMqondisi Jan Oberg, Transnational Foundation, Sweden kanye noProf Farzeen Nasri, Ventura College, USA (oqokwe futhi ngo-2015):
URichard Falk, EU.SA
Isithombe esinokulungiswa okuphezulu lapha
Isazi sezomthetho esisebenza ngezibonelo zomhlaba jikelele, ukubusa kwezwe, ukulwa kwezikhali zenuzi ukuze ubone i-Charter ye-UN nokuthula ngokuthula
“Ngikuqaphele ngokweneliseka okukhulu ukugcizelelwa kukaSihlalo weKomidi likaNobel, uKaci Kullmann Five, ku-Alfred Nobel nentando yakhe emazwini akhe okuvula enkulumweni kaNobel eyayingoDisemba 10, 2015.
Ukubhekiswa ezingxoxweni, ezingxoxweni, nasekuqedweni kwezikhali njengezici ezisemqoka zombono kaNobel wokuthula bekuhambisana kahle nendlela ethile kaNobel yokuvikela izimpi ngokubambisana komhlaba wonke ekulweni nezikhali.
USolwazi Richard A. Falk, e-USA, yisifundiswa esidume umhlaba wonke esitshale amakhono namakhono ahlukile ekuzinikeleni impilo yonke ezinhlosweni zikaNobel ngokusebenza ngokungaguquguquki namamodeli wokuhleleka komhlaba kanye nokubusa komhlaba wonke okususelwa emthethweni womthetho kanye umphakathi oqinile wentando yeningi.
Ukukhiqiza kwakhe okukhulu - okususelwa emsebenzini wezemfundo nowomhlaba - kukhomba ngqo amathuba amaningi okwakha umhlaba lapho kungekho zikhali zenuzi futhi izingxabano eziningi zixazululwa ngokulandela umthetho ophakeme kakhulu we-UN Charter (Isigaba 1) ukuthi ukuthula kuzokwakhiwa ngezindlela ezinokuthula - igama elichaza ngokwencazelo ukuqedwa kwenyukliya, ukuqothulwa kwezempi kanye nokufeza ukuzibophezela kweminyaka eyishumi komphakathi womhlaba jikelele ekuqedeni izikhali jikelele.
Uma ngibhekisa futhi ngiphinda ukuqokwa kwangaphambili kukaprofesa ongasekho u-Ståle Eskeland, e-Oslo, ngingathanda-ke ukuqoka u-Richard Falk emklomelweni Wokuthula KaNobel 2016.»
Funda incwadi yokuqoka lapha
Ukhethwe nguFrof. Robert J. Glossop, I-Southern Illinois Uni
UBenjamin Ferencz, EU.SA
Bill Pace, EU.SA
Ukwazisa indima yezinhlangano zomphakathi ekuthuthukiseni umthetho wamazwe ngamazwe mayelana nokushushiswa kwamacala empi:
"[Abantu ababili engibaqokile] baba nesandla ekuthuthukisweni kweNkantolo Yobugebengu Yamazwe Ngamazwe (ICC). I-Rome Conference yango-1998 yakhiqiza iSitatimende SaseRoma se-ICC (eHague) …. inkantolo yezinguquko ehlala njalo engashushisa abantu ngamacala okubulala, ubugebengu bezimpi, kanye namacala abhekiswe esintwini. Ukushushisa abantu abenza ubugebengu obunjalo kuyindlela eyinhloko yokuqeda impi emphakathini.
«UBen Ferenz … wasebenza njengoMshushisi wase-United States ekuqulweni kwamacala empi yaseNuremberg ngemva kweMpi Yezwe II. Kamuva waba ngu-Adjunct Professor e-Pace Law School e-White Plains, eNew York, e-USA. Izincwadi azibhalile zifaka iDefining International Aggression: The Search for World Peace (Oceana, 1975), Less Then Slaves: Jewish Forced Labour kanye Nokufuna Isinxephezelo (Harvard, 1979), Inkantolo Yobugebengu Yamazwe Ngamazwe: Isinyathelo Esibheke Kumhlaba Wokuthula (Oceana). , 1980), Enforcing International Law: A Way to World Peace (Oceana, 1983), A Common Sense Guide to World Peace (Oceana, 1985), Planethood (noKen Keyes, Jr., Vision, 1988, 1991), World Security ngekhulu lama-21 (ed., Oceana, 1991), kanye Nokusinda Kwembulunga yonke: Ukuphepha ngoMkhandlu Wezokuphepha (Oceana, 1994). Kukhona nezinguqulo zolimi lwesiJalimane ezinye zalezi zincwadi. UMnu. Ferencz usebenze ngemuva nezinhlangano ezimbalwa njengeCoalition for the International Criminal Court ukuze abize [futhi] abambe iqhaza ngenkuthalo Engqungqutheleni YaseRome ngokwayo futhi …useke wanikeza izinkulumo eziningi futhi wabamba iqhaza ezingqungqutheleni eziningi mayelana ne-ICC.”
«Bill Pace … uMqondisi Omkhulu we-World Federalist Movement-Institute for Global Policy (WFM-IGP) kanye noMgqugquzeli Wokubambisana KweNkantolo Yamacala Obugebengu Yamazwe Ngamazwe (CICC). Ubeyilungu leKomidi Lokuhlela elabiza i-Hague Appeal for Peace Conference, ingqungquthela enkulu kunazo zonke yamazwe ngamazwe yokuthula emlandweni ngoMeyi 11-15, 1999, e-Hague, eNetherlands. Cishe abantu abayi-10,000 abavela emazweni angaphezu kwe-100 basabela esicelweni esethulwe yi-International Peace Bureau (IPB), i-International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War (IPPNW), i-International Association of Lawyers Against Nuclear Arms (IALANA), kanye ne-World Federalist. Ukunyakaza (WFM). Wabe esehola ukubunjwa kweCoalition for the International Criminal Court (CICC) eyadlala indima enkulu ngemuva ekuletheni Ingqungquthela YaseRome kanye nokwamukelwa kweSivumelwano SaseRoma. Umfelandawonye wakhe wamazwe omhlaba uhole umzamo wokuthola iziqinisekiso zikazwelonke ezivela emazweni angama-60 ukuze isivumelwano siqale ukusebenza ngoJulayi, 2002, ngokushesha okukhulu kunalokho obekulindelwe. Manje amazwe angu-123 asemukele iSitatimende SaseRoma, amaningi ngenxa yemizamo ye-CICC ngaphansi kobuholi bakhe. UMnu. Pace uphinde wanikeza izinkulumo eziningi futhi wabamba iqhaza ezingqungqutheleni eziningi mayelana ne-ICC.
Bona ukuqokwa okuphelele lapha
UBenjamin Ferencz uphinde waqokwa kabusha ngo-2016 nguProf Ithemba May, Central Michigan Uni,
“UFerencz usebenze kanzima ukwenza lolu hlaka lube yimpumelelo. Lapho eseneminyaka engu-95, usikhumbuza ngomsebenzi okusamele siwufeze - njengokwenza impi enolaka ibe ubugebengu - futhi unxusa abantu abasha ukuthi baqhubeke nalo msebenzi ohlanganisa izizukulwane. Ngenxa yale mizamo uFerencz ufanelwe ukuqashelwa umphakathi womhlaba futhi abonakale njengesisebenzi esishiseka kakhulu ekuvuseni unembeza womuntu ngokugcwele.”
Bona ukuqokwa okuphelele lapha
Ukhethwe ngu URichard Falk, Princeton, USA:
Johan Galtung, Norway
Umklomelo wokuhlonipha umsunguli wocwaningo lokuthula nempilo engakhathali ekuthuthukiseni ithiyori nokuzijwayeza ukuthula ngezindlela ezingezona ezezempi.
“Sekungamashumi eminyaka uJohan Galtung engumuntu okhuthazayo emkhakheni wezifundo zokuthula ezakhelwe kabanzi. Ubungqabavu bakhe obungavamile nokuhamba kwakhe kulethe lo mlayezo wokuqonda nokuqondisisa ekuthuleni ngobulungisa emagumbini amane omhlaba ngendlela ephawulekayo eyingqayizivele ngempela emthelela wayo wezemfundo nobushoshovu. Akulona ihaba ukubhala ukuthi wasungula futhi wasungula umkhakha wezifundo zokuthula njengesifundo esihlonishwayo sokufunda ezikhungweni zemfundo ephakeme emhlabeni wonke. Ngenxa yekhono lakhe lokukhuluma okuthakazelisayo kanye nokubhala okungavamile, u-Johan Galtung uye wafinyelela izinhliziyo nezingqondo zezinkulungwane zabantu emhlabeni wonke, edlulisela inkolelo ngaphezu kwakho konke ukuthi ukuthula kungenzeka ngemizamo yokuzinikela yabantu abavamile uma kungumsebenzi wokuguqula isimo. isimo sezombangazwe ngokwanele ukuba sifundise futhi sikhiphe ingcindezi kubaholi bezombusazwe bomhlaba kanye nasemithonjeni yezindaba yomhlaba.
Ngayo yonke inhlonipho efanele, isikhathi sesidlulile sokuhlonipha labo abathi ngokucabanga nangesenzo baphile umbono ka-Alfred Nobel kubafundi nezishoshovu zazo zonke izizinda zempucuko. Kuphela ngokudala lokhu kuqaphela ukuthula emhlabeni wonke emazingeni aphansi lapho singaba khona noma yiliphi ithemba elingokoqobo lokunqoba impi egxilile ehlala ibusa ezikhundleni zikahulumeni emhlabeni wonke. Ukunikeza uJohan Galtung uhlobo lwenkundla olunikezwa uMklomelo KaNobel ngokwako kungaba negalelo elikhulu ekugcwalisekeni komhlaba onokuthula, futhi iqiniso lokuthi uyindodana yaseNorway kungaba nokuzwakala okukhethekile ezweni nangale kwayo.”
Funda ukuqokwa okuphelele lapha.
Ukhethwe ngu Giulio Marcon, ILungu LeNdlu YePhalamende Yase-Italy:
Umthelela oyingqayizivele kaProfessor Galtung ocwaningweni lwezingxabano nokuthula usukela ekuhlanganisweni kophenyo lwesayensi oluhlelekile kanye nezimiso zokuziphatha zamaGandhi zezindlela ezinokuthula nokuzwana. Lokhu kumsize ukuba axhumane futhi enze ushintsho olwabiwe phakathi kwezimo ezihluke kakhulu zamasiko nezenkolo: isifundo esiyisihluthulelo futhi sesixazululo sezinselele zethu ezivamile zomhlaba zekhulu lama-XXI.
Impilo edalwe ngendlela emangalisayo, ekhiqizayo kanye nesemhlabeni wonke enkonzweni yokuthula ingakufanelekela ukuhlonishwa ngendondo yeNobel Peace Prize”
Bona ukuqokwa okuphelele lapha
Ukhethwe ngu Kazuko SHIOJIRI (Ph.D.), USolwazi, Tokyo International University:
Nihon Hidankyo, Japan
Isigaba 9, Japan
“Ngemva kokuhlasela kwebhomu le-athomu ngo-1945 eHiroshima naseNagasaki, eJapane, 'U-Nihon Hidankyo' ubelokhu esebenza ukuze anxuse umhlaba wonke ngezikhali zenuzi kanye nesidingo sokuthula ukuvimbela noma yiziphi izinhlobo zempi yesintu. "
Kusukela yasungulwa ngo-2004, i-'Kyujo-no-Kai' ibilokhu inxusa umoya wezwe we Article 9 woMthethosisekelo waseJapan okhuthaza ukulahlwa ngokuphelele kwempi, ogcizelela ukubaluleka kokuthula ebukhoneni besintu esikhathini esizayo.”
Bona konke ukuqokwa lapha.
Ukhethwe ngu I-Mairead Maguire, Northern Ireland, owathola umklomelo weNobel:
URebecca Johnson, UK
Isithombe esinokulungiswa okuphezulu lapha
“Nakuba aba ngumbhali nothisha ohlonishwayo kwezokwehliswa kwezikhali nokulawulwa kwezikhali, uRebecca akazange alahle izimpande zakhe ekulweleni ukuthula, amalungelo abantu kanye nobulungiswa, esebenza ikakhulukazi ukunika abesifazane amandla nokweseka abesifazane. Edumele ngemuva kokuthi amasu akhe neNew Agenda Coalition yokuthola isivumelwano sokuvumelana phakathi kwezifunda ze-NPT zokuthi Izinyathelo Eziyishumi Nantathu Zokuqeda Izikhali Zenuzi ngo-2000 eshabalala, uRebecca wathuthela eScotland ngo-2006-8, njengomgqugquzeli we-Faslane 365, isinyathelo esiyisisekelo ukuhlanganisa amaqembu abantu abavela kuzo zonke izigaba zokuphila kanye nazo zonke izingxenye zomhlaba ukuze babonise ukuphikisa kwabo ukuvuselelwa kwe-Trident ngezenzo zokuthula ezingenalo udlame esikhungweni senuzi saseFaslane.
Ukuze agqugquzele ukukhishwa kwezikhali, uhlele futhi wakhuluma ezinkulungwaneni zeminye imihlangano nezenzo eBrithani nakwamanye amazwe futhi washicilela ukuhlaziya nezincwadi, okuhlanganisa 'Okubi Kakhulu kunokungabalulekile' kanye ne-'Trident and International Law' ekhuthaza ukuchithwa kwezikhali zenuzi esikhundleni sokushintshwa kwe-Trident kanye 'Yehla noma Ukuguqula. ' ngesidingo sokuqinisa i-NPT ngezinyathelo ezengeziwe zokuhoxiswa kwezikhali.
Kusukela ngo-2009, uRebecca wahola emizamweni yomphakathi yokulungisa kabusha ukuchithwa kwezikhali zenuzi njengento edingekayo, esebenza iminyaka ethile njengoSihlalo Wokubambisana Womkhankaso Wamazwe Ngamazwe Wokuqeda Izikhali Zenuzi (i-ICAN) futhi enikeza isitatimende sokuvala somphakathi ekuqaleni- ukwephula iNkomfa yase-Oslo Yemithelela Yosizo Lwezikhali Zenuzi ngoMashi 2013.
Incwadi yokuqoka ephelele, lapha
Ukhethwe nguFrof. UBerit von der Lippe, BI (Norwegian Business School), Oslo:
Malalai Joya, Afghanistan
“U-Malalai Joya ugqame ngobuhlakani obumangalisayo, ubuqotho nesibindi njengowesifazane wase-Afghanistan okhulume ngokumelene neqhaza elikhulu lezinduna zempi kwezombusazwe zase-Afghan - i-US/NATO/ISAF yabambisana nayo kusukela ngosuku lokuqala luka-Okthoba 2001. Ngaleyo ndlela uye wagcizelela ubufakazi. ukuzenzisa 'kokusindisa kanye nokukhulula abesifazane base-Afghan' baseNtshonalanga futhi ubengumuntu ophumela obala ngokumelene nezifiso zaseNtshonalanga zokuphazamisa nokubusa amazwe oMhlaba Wesithathu.
Ngakho uye wafinyelela enhliziyweni yohlelo lwezwe olunempi olukhona namuhla. Ebeka ukuphila kwakhe engozini, ngezindlela eziningi uye wabonakalisa ukukhaphela inhloso kaNobel, okungukuthi isimiso somhlaba esingahlosiwe uNobel ayefisa ukuthi umklomelo wakhe awukhuthaze. Ngokubona kwami uJoya usebenza ngokuqondile ukuze afeze injongo yokuvalelisa izikhali uNobel ayefisa ukuyifeza ngomklomelo wakhe wokuthula.”
Funda ukuqokwa okuphelele lapha
Ukhethwe nguFrof Phillip C. Naylor, Marquette University
Kathy Kelly, EU.SA
“U-Kathy Kelly (owazalwa ngo-1952) [1] [2] uyisishoshovu sokuthula saseMelika, i-pacifist kanye nombhali, ongomunye wamalungu asungula amaVoices in the Wilderness, futhi njengamanje ungumxhumanisi weVoices for Creative Nonviolence. Njengengxenye yomsebenzi weqembu lokuthula emazweni amaningana, uye e-Iraq izikhathi ezingamashumi amabili nesithupha, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zokulwa phakathi nezinsuku zokuqala zazo zombili izimpi zase-US-Iraq. Uhambo lwakhe lwakamuva lugxile e-Afghanistan naseGaza, kanye nemibhikisho yasekhaya ephikisana nenqubomgomo ye-drone yase-US. Uboshwe izikhathi ezingaphezu kwamashumi ayisithupha ekhaya naphesheya, futhi wabhala ngolwazi lwakhe phakathi kwezinhloso zokuhlaselwa ngamabhomu ezempi yase-US kanye neziboshwa zamajele aseMelika. " (I-Wikipedia - imininingwane eyengeziwe ngokugqugquzela ukuthula)
Bona ukuqokwa okuphelele lapha
Uqokwe ngu-Adj. UProf UBill Wickersham, Uni of Missouri (futhi ngo-2015):
UDavid Krieger, EU.SA
Isithombe esinokulungiswa okuphezulu lapha
I-Nuclear Age Peace Foundation, i-NAPF, EU.SA
Umlwi onesibindi, uthisha kanye nomgqugquzeli wokubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe mayelana nokuchithwa kwezikhali kanye nokuqedwa kwezikhali zenuzi,
“Ngaphansi UDkt. KriegerIsiqondiso se-NAPF, Uhlelo Lobuholi Bokuthula selukhule lwaba uhlelo olwaziwayo lwamazwe ngamazwe lokuthula. Iqondiswa u-Paul K. Chappell, othweswe iziqu e-West Point, nomakadebona wezempi yase-Iraq, abaholi bokuthula banikezwa amathuluzi nokuqeqeshwa okudingekayo ukuze … bathole ukuthula. Ngonyaka ka-2015, lolu hlelo lukhuthaze abantu abangaphezu kuka-5000.
Okubalulekile embangela yokuqedwa kwezikhali zenuzi yimfundo nokuzibandakanya kwesizukulwane esilandelayo. I-NAPFUhlelo olubalulekile lwe-Internship Programme ludalula abantu abasha emikhakheni yokuthula nokuvikeleka, ukuphatha okungenzi nzuzo, kanye nemisebenzi enonembeza. Abafundi abaqeqeshwayo bathola ulwazi olunzulu lokusebenza nenhlangano engenzi nzuzo yezemfundo neyokumela. … Inqwaba yabafundi abaqeqeshwayo bafunda esikhathini sabo ku-NAPF ukuthi indlela yabo yokuphila izobandakanya ukwenza umhlaba ube indawo enokuthula.
UDkt. Krieger … uye walwela ukuthula nokuncishiswa kwezikhali zenuzi kwezinye izinhlangano eziningi. Ungumsunguli we-Abolition 2000 ... we-International Network of Engineers and Scientists for Global Responsibility (INES) futhi usebenze njengoSihlalo weKomidi layo Eliphethe. Ungumsunguli we-Middle Powers Initiative futhi usebenze njengoSihlalo weKomidi layo Eliphethe. UyiKhansela kuMkhandlu Wekusasa Lomhlaba futhi usebenza njengoSihlalo Wokubambisana Wekhomishana Yokuthula Nokuncishiswa Kwezikhali.
UDkt. Krieger ubhale futhi wahlela izincwadi ezingaphezu kwamashumi amabili namakhulu ezindatshana ezikhuluma ngokuthula, ubulungiswa nokuqedwa kwezikhali zenuzi.”
Bona ukuqokwa okuphelele lapha.
Ukhethwe ngephrofayli. UThomas Hylland Eriksen, Uni of Oslo (futhi ngo-2015):
U-Evelin Lindner, Norway
Isithombe: Evelin Frerk, www.evelinfrek.de/
“Indikimba ewumsuka emsebenzini kaLindner yakamuva ukuthi isiko lokuqhudelana ngokubusa ngazo zonke izindlela, okuhlanganisa nodlame oluhlomile, kwake kwaba indikimba yamasiko eyamukelwa emhlabeni wonke, hhayi e-Afrika kuphela. Ngokuvamile kuhambisana nokunganaki kwababukele. Nokho, emhlabeni oxhumene, lesi sikripthi singaphezu kokungavikeleki ngokokuziphatha. Emhlabeni oxhumene, asikho isifunda esingathemba ukuthi sizohlala sivikelekile, kungaba ekulimaleni kwemvelo emhlabeni wonke noma kusiko lokulwa.»
Funda ukuqokwa okuphindaphindiwe kowezi-2016 lapha - isethulo esigcwele sokuqokwa kowezi-2015 lapha
Ukhethwe ngu Ingeborg Breines, Co-president we-International Peace Bureau (oqokwe njengeMeya/UNESCO ngo-2015)
Federico Mayor futhi isiko lokuthula initiative
"UFederico Mayor .... uyaqhubeka … ukusebenzela uguquko lusuka esikweni lokubeka nempi luye esikweni lezingxoxo nokuthula. Ngemibhalo yakhe, izinkulumo, kanye nenethiwekhi enkulu yabantu abavelele, uyakwazi ukukhuthaza nokuqondisa ongqondongqondo nabathatha izinqumo zezombusazwe ngokufanayo. … Engqungqutheleni yaminyaka yonke ye-IPB e-Padova: Izindlela Zokuthula ngoNovemba 2015 u-Federico Mayor wagcizelela kakhulu ukuthi umhlaba udinga ngokushesha ukuphuca izikhali ukuze uthuthuke futhi uhlangabezane nezinselelo zokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu kanye nokufuduka kwabantu.
… I-UNESCO isungule uhlelo lwesiko lokuthula, nenani elikhulu labalingani, futhi yakhuthaza i-UN ukuthi yenze unyaka ka-2000 Unyaka Wamazwe Ngamazwe WeSiko Lokuthula ozolandelwa Iminyaka Eyishumi YeSiko Lokuthula Nokungahloniphi Izingane Zomhlaba (2001-2010). Kwenziwa iSincomo kanye Nohlelo Lokusebenza ukuze kuqondiswe futhi kugqugquzelwe umsebenzi ezingeni likahulumeni nelemiphakathi. I-UNESCO yathuthukiswa nabanye Abaklonyeliswa Ngendondo Yokuthula KaNobel iManifesto Yesiko Lokuthula eyasayinwa abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-70 futhi yethulwa kuNobhala Jikelele we-UN.” Funda ukuqokwa okuphelele. lapha
Ukhethwe ngu Christian Juhl, MP, Denmark (futhi ku-2015):
UDkt Jan Oberg, Sweden
“Ngo-2015, uMnu. Oberg wasebenzisa umcimbi wokugubha iminyaka engu-30 ye-TFF, ukuhlanganisa inethiwekhi enkulu ye-foundation.
ngesemina yamazwe ngamazwe nama-Associates ayo, ukusakazwa kwewebhu bukhoma emhlabeni jikelele futhi okuholela kumavidiyo angu-15
izindaba zamazwe ngamazwe. Njengengxenye yokufinyelela kwayo okukhula njalo, iphinde yethula umagazini we-inthanethi othi «Transnational Affairs” http://bit.ly/TransnationalAffairs.
Ngonyaka wezi-2015 i-TFF yagxila e-Iran naseBurund, okuyizindawo ezimbili ezinezinkinga ezinkulu futhi yathatha indima ehola phambili
ukukhuthaza, kakade ngoMeyi, ukungenelela kwangempela kobuntu njengempendulo yentuthuko edabukisayo
Burundi. Ngolwazi lwayo oluqondile olutholwe phakathi neminyaka eyi-12 yokusebenza ezweni uMnu. Oberg kanye ne-TFF babesesimweni esikhethekile sokufaka isandla ekuvimbeleni impi - Kokubili ngobubanzi bayo bamazwe ngamazwe kanye nesici sokuvimbela umsebenzi kaMnu. Oberg ufeza izinjongo eziyinhloko zikaNobel. umklomelo.»
Funda incwadi ephelele lapha
Ukhethwe nguFrof I-Aytuğ Atıcı, IPhalamende, iTurkey kanye noProf. Kristian Andenæs, i-Uni yase-Oslo, noDkt. Marouf Bakhit, iJordanian Senate
Amaphalamende weNuclear Non-Proliferation and Disarmament (PNND)
Imizamo yamaPhalamende, kuyo yonke imikhakha yobuzwe, inkolo, izinhlelo zezombusazwe nezomnotho - umoya weqiniso weNobel
"Amalungu e-PNND akhe ukwesekwa kwephalamende kuzo zonke izifundazwe zaseMpumalanga Ephakathi (kuhlanganise ne-Israel) mayelana nesiphakamiso se-Middle East Zone Free from Nuclear Weapons kanye nezinye Izikhali Zokubhujiswa Okuningi. …. uqhuba Iforamu Yohlaka, ehlanganisa ohulumeni ukuze balandelele amathebula amabili ezinhlaka zokusebenzelana ukuze kuxoxiswane ngokuthi kwenziwa kanjani inqubekelaphambili mayelana nokuncishiswa kwezikhali zenuzi. … I-PNND inobambiswano oluqinile noma ukubambisana cishe nazo zonke izinhlangano zamazwe ngamazwe ezisebenzela ukukhishwa kwezikhali zenuzi, futhi ibambe iqhaza elibalulekile ekwakheni ukubambisana phakathi kwazo.
Ngo-2012, i-PNND kanye ne-World Future Council, iHhovisi leNhlangano Yezizwe Ezihlangene Nezindaba Zokuhoxiswa Kwezikhali kanye ne-Inter Parliamentary Union yahlela Umklomelo Wenqubomgomo Yekusasa egxile kuzinqubomgomo zokusebenza ezingcono kakhulu zokuhoxiswa kwezikhali. Umcimbi wokuklomelisa, eNhlanganweni Yezizwe Ezihlangene, ugqamise izinqubomgomo zokuhoxiswa kwezikhali zenuzi kanye nokulawulwa kwezibhamu - futhi wakhuthaza ohulumeni, amaphalamende kanye nezinhlangano zomphakathi ukuthi basabalalise lezi zinqubomgomo.
Ngo-2013, i-PNND isebenzisana ne-Global Zero, yashukumisela cishe ama-2/3rds amalungu ePhalamende LaseYurophu ukuthi avumele (asayine mathupha) Isimemezelo Esibhaliwe Sokusekela Uhlelo Lomhlaba Wonke Lwe-Global Zero Lokuchithwa Kwezikhali Zenuzi - okwenza le nqubomgomo yePhalamende LaseYurophu. "
Incwadi yokuqoka isho izimpumelelo ezivelele zamalungu ngamanye e-PNND, u-Federica Mogherini, u-Ed Markey, u-Jeremy Corbyn, u-Uta Zapf, uMani Shankar Aiyar, u-Atimova, u-Tony de Brum [oqokwe mathupha yi-IPB ngo-2016], u-Ui Hwa Chung, Taro Okada, Sabe Chowdury, Bill Kidd, Christine Muttonen.
I-PNND Global Coordinator, u-Alyn Ware, wakhethwa i-2015 Nobel
Funda ukuqokwa okuphelele lapha
I-Jordanian Senate, uDkt UMarouf Bakhit:
“Umklomelo weNobel Peace Prize uzoqhakambisa ukubaluleka kwalomsebenzi wasephalamende, uqhakambise ubuholi obumangalisayo be-PNND futhi usize ekwakheni ukwesekwa kwezepolitiki ezinhlelweni iPNND esebenza kuzo. Ngakho-ke, * iJordanian Senate House iphakamisa ngokuqinile i-PNND ukuthola uNobel Peace Prize. ”
Funda konke ukuqokwa lapha
Ukhethwe nguFrof. Jeff Bachman, I-American Uni, iWashington, eU.SA
UDavid Swanson, EU.SA
Isithombe esinokulungiswa okuphezulu lapha
“Ngo-2015, World Beyond War lakhula ngokumangalisayo ngaphansi kokuholwa nguSwanson lokufaka abantu emazweni ayi-129. World Beyond War yakhiqiza incwadi eyabhalwa nguSwanson enesihloko esithi I-Global Security System: I-Alternative to War okuye kwaba nomthelela ezingxoxweni zenqubomgomo yase-US yangaphandle. U-Swanson ube ngummeli ohlala njalo futhi onqunyelwe ukushintsha e-US
Ku-2015, uShanson washicilela izihloko eziningi futhi wanikeza izinkulumo eziningi ezikhuthaza ukuthula nokuqedwa kwempi. Izihloko zakhe ziqoqwe kuDavidSwanson.org. Wayengummeli wesivumelwane se nyukliya ne-Iran. U-Swanson uvakashele i-Cuba ku-2015, wahlangana nabasebenzi be-ambassy engekho okwamanje wase-US, futhi waqinisekisa ubuhlobo obuhle nobungcono kakhulu, kuhlanganise nokuphela kwe-embargo nokubuyela eCuba ezweni layo eGuantanamo. Futhi ku-2015, u-Swanson uye wasebenza emphakathini wezishoshovu eziphikisana nazo zonke izikhungo zempi, kanye nomphakathi jikelele ngokubhala nokukhuluma ukunciphisa impi nokucubungula umbono wokuthi impi ayinakugwemeka.
Kubalulekile futhi ukuqaphela iqhaza likaSwanson ngeRootsAction.org. Ku-2015, uSwanson wasebenza njengomxhumanisi womkhankaso wesayithi lezishoshovu eliku-inthanethi. Ngokuhlanganiswa kobushoshovu be-inthanethi kanye "nomhlaba wangempela", RootsAction.org uye wangenisa ngempumelelo ukucindezela ukufeza izinyathelo eziningi zokuthula, kuyilapho ukwakha ubulungu be-activist e-inthanethi yabantu abangu-650,000 ngezinyathelo ezizayo. Ngo-December 2015, a RootsAction.org futhi World Beyond War Isikhalazo sinxuse i-DRM Research Service ukuthi iqhubeke nokubika ngokuthengiswa kwezikhali zomhlaba wonke ngemuva kweminyaka emithathu. Kungakapheli amasonto, iCRS ikhiphe umbiko omusha. … NgoJanawari 2015, ngemuva kwe RootsAction.org Isicelo siphushe i-United States ukuthi ixoxisane neNyakatho Korea kunokuba yenqabe isicelo sayo sokumisa izivivinyo zenuzi, i-US yaqala ukuxoxisana - nomphumela osazonqunywa. “
Bona ukuqokwa okuphelele lapha
Ukhethwe nguFrof U-Alf Petter Høgberg, I-Uni yase-Oslo (futhi ku-2015, ne-co-nominators Nils Christie futhi Ståle Eskeland)
UPeter Weiss, I-New York
I-IALANA, i-International Association of Lawyers ngokumelene neMpi Yenuzi, I-Berlin, eNew York, eColombo (eSri Lanka)
UJuristen noJuristinnen benza i-atomare, i-biologische ung chemische Waffen, Berlin
"Ngithumela kabusha ukuqokwa kuka-2015,… Ngaphezu kwalokho ngithanda ukusho ukuthi ngo-2015," unyaka wokugcina ophelelwe yisikhathi, " IALANA, UPeter Weiss, Kanye IsiGerman baye baqhubeka nokucacisa ukungabi namthetho umthetho wezikhali zenuzi abambisana nokusekela icala laseMarshall Islands eqhuba eNkantolo Yomhlaba, i-ICJ, ngezibopho zezizwe zenuzi ezihlomile ukuba zihlanganyele ezinkambweni eziphumelelayo zokuqeda izikhali zenuzi. U-IALANA wenza imizamo eqinile yokuthuthukisa umthetho wamazwe ngamazwe ngokuvimbela isivumelwano sokuvimbela izikhali zenuzi ezithathwe emazweni angaphandle.
Igatsha lase-IALANA laseJalimane lisebenza ngokukhethekile emkhankasweni othi "uMthetho wokuThuthukiswa koMfula" ofuna ukuqinisa umthetho wamazwe omhlaba nokwenza ube nesici esaziwayo nesisebenzayo ebuhlotsheni bamazwe nakwamanye amazwe. Lo msebenzi uyingqikithi yomqondo kaNobel wokuba "umklomelo wezintombi zokuthula." I-resort yokuya enkantolo esikhundleni sezingalo kwakuyingxenye eyinhloko yokucabanga ngokuthula kukaBertha von Suttner (ukubambisana no-Schiedsgerichte) nomsebenzi "abadlali bokuthula" u-Alfred Nobel wayefisa ukusekela ngomklomelo wakhe.
... Ukuthuthukisa umhlaba olawulwa ngumthetho, hhayi amandla, kwakuyizinto eziyinhloko zokukhathazeka kweNobel esebenzisa igama elithi "ubuzalwane bezizwe" ngentando yakhe futhi liyinhloko yemisebenzi yomphakathi we-IALANA.
«
Bheka ukuqokwa okuphelele kuka-2016 lapha, ukuqokwa kuka-2015 lapha
Uqokwe nguSenator Peter Whish-Wilson, IPhalamende lase-Australia (liqokwe futhi ngo-2015):
League International International for Peace and Freedom (WILPF)
“Ngincoma wonke amazwi kaChristine Milne ekuqokweni okunamathiselwe ku-2015 futhi ngidonsela ukunaka kwenu emsebenzini we-WILPF onyakeni odlule, unyaka wekhulu lenhlangano ... iminyaka eyikhulu yokumela umphakathi kanye nokwenza kwabesifazane emhlabeni wonke ukuthuthukisa ukuthula okusimeme nokuncishiswa kwezikhali okufinyelela umvuthwandaba engqungqutheleni yekhulunyaka Yamandla Abesifazane Okunqanda Impi ka-2015 e-Hague, ikufanele ngempela ukuhlonishwa ngomklomelo Wokuthula walo nyaka.
Onyakeni odlule abesifazane basebenzele ukuxhuma, ukuqinisa nokugubha umsebenzi wabesifazane abenza ukuthula nomaphi lapho behlala khona emhlabeni. Yakhelwe ku-UN Security Council Resolution 1325 eyaphasiswa ku-2000 eyaqaphela indima yabesifazane ekwenzeni ukuthula kanye nokuvinjelwa kwezingxabano kanye nomsebenzi we-WILPF eminyakeni engu-15 edlule ku-ajenda yabesifazane, ukuthula nokuvikeleka.
Izingxoxo zokuthula noma yikuphi, ezihlulekayo ukunikeza abesifazane izwi futhi ezihlulekayo ukuvuma ubugebengu obubhekiswe kwabesifazane ngeke ziqhubeke. Sicela uqhubekisele phambili indawo efanele yabesifazane etafuleni lokudala ukuthula ngokuqaphela Inhlangano Yabesifazane Yamazwe Ngamazwe Yokuthula Nenkululeko njengomnqobi weNobel Peace Prize ka-2016.”
Bona ukuqokwa okuphelele lapha.
IMIHLAHLANDLELA YOKUBUKELA UMKLOMELO WE-NOBEL PEACE
ukuhlolwa kweziphakamiso ezifanelekile ukunqoba umklomelo kaNobel wezintombi zokuthula ":
Ngenkathi abanye, ikomidi, amalungu ephalamende, abacwaningi bokuthula, ngisho nabantu abanokuthula basekela
imibono yabo ekuqondeni okubanzi KAKHULU "kokuthula" (= basebenzisa umklomelo ngendlela abathanda ngayo)
Uhlu lwe-NPPW lusekelwe ocwaningweni lwalokho okubalulekile ngaphansi komthetho, lokho uNobel ayekufuna ngempela.
Ukufinyelela okungcono kakhulu, okuqondile, ekuqondeni kukaNobel ngokwakhe “ngompetha bokuthula” yena
okuchazwe encwadini yakhe yefa kulele ekubhaleni kwakhe noBertha von Suttner, ongumholi wokuthula
protagonist wenkathi. Izinhlamvu zikhuluma ngokuphula umqondo wokushayela umjaho wezikhali wakudala
ethi: “Uma nifisa ukuthula, lungiselelani impi” nendlela yokwenza amazwe avumelane ngalokhu.
Ngakho-ke inhloso kaNobel - ukukhulula zonke izizwe ezikhalini, amaqhawe nezimpi - ine
ube nesinqumo ekuhlolweni kwethu. Umklomelo ngokuyinhloko uhloselwe ukuvimbela izimpi, hhayi ukuxazulula endala
izingxabano. Akuwona umklomelo wezenzo ezinhle, kodwa owoshintsho oluyisisekelo lobudlelwano bamazwe ngamazwe.
Amakhandidethi asebenzela ukubambisana komhlaba wonke kumthetho wamazwe ngamazwe kanye nokuncishiswa kwezikhali ngokuqondile
abawinile bokuqala - kodwa nomsebenzi obalulekile osebenza ngokungaqondile ukukhombisa
isidingo esibalulekile sokususa impi emhlabeni jikelele kufanele sicatshangelwe. Kodwa kufanele
imisebenzi yomklomelo kaNobel kufanele ikhombise ngale kokuxazululwa kwezimo zendawo.
Ngesikhathi sikaNobel abaningi besifundazwe balalela amazwi okuthula nokulwa nezidakamizwa,
namuhla zimbalwa kakhulu izikhulu nosopolitiki abanombono wokuthula uNobel ayefisa ukuwusekela. Ku
umbono wethu umklomelo kumele uhambisane nezikhathi futhi emhlabeni wanamuhla ungowakwa-
abasemazingeni aphansi, izinhlangano zomphakathi, eziphikisana nesiko elisemthethweni lodlame, hhayi abaholi abalungile
ziphendule ezinqubweni zezombusazwe njengoba kufanele zenze kuntando yeningi.
“Ngiyathanda ukukholelwa ukuthi abantu, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, bazokwenza okwengeziwe ukukhuthaza ukuthula
kunohulumeni bethu. Ngempela, ngicabanga ukuthi abantu bafuna ukuthula kangangokuthi omunye wabo
kulezi zinsuku ohulumeni kungcono basuke endleleni futhi babayeke babe nakho.” E-US
UMongameli uDwight D. Eisenhower 1959
U-Alfred Nobel wayethanda ukubona ikomidi lakhe licabanga ngendlela efanayo.
I-Nobel Peace Prize Watch, Feb 2, i-2016
