Ngu-Ann Wright, ngo-Novemba 15, 2019
Umlando wokufika kwamakoloni eMelika awuxoxwa yilabo abaphethe uhulumeni wase-US. Kodwa-ke, ku-leonon yezifundo zaseMelika, ubuzwe bokuhlala kanye nobukoloni buyisihloko esikhulu, futhi ikakhulukazi kwizazi-mlando emazweni ahlangene neHawai'i.
Ukuzibandakanya kwe-United States ezimpini ezinde kukhuphule impi yomphakathi wase-US. Izimpikiswano zase-US zenziwe ezempi njengama-ejensi okuphoqelela umthetho wasekhaya, amajele namajele. Impi iqhubekisela phambili udlame lobuhlanga nobulili emhlabeni wonke ngenkathi kubeka engcupheni imizabalazo eholwa ngabomdabu ebheke ePacific ehlukunyeziwe.
Ngangise-US Army / Army Reserves iminyaka engama-29 futhi ngathatha umhlalaphansi njengoColonel. Ngiphinde ngaba ngusomaqhinga wase-US iminyaka eyi-16 futhi ngasebenza emanxusa aseMelika eNicaragua, Grenada, Somalia, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Sierra Leone, Micronesia, Afghanistan naseMongolia. Ngangiseqenjini elincane laseMelika elavula kabusha iNxusa LaseMelika eKabul, e-Afghanistan ngoDisemba 2001. Ngasula e-US, kuhulumeni ngoMashi 2003 ngiphikisana nempi yase-US e-Iraq.
Ngibonile ngamehlo engqondo ukuthi i-diplomacy yase-US, ubudlelwano bezwe lethu namanye amazwe, buhlaselwe kanjani impi. I-diplomacy yase-US ingukukhulumisana kwesizwe esihlala amakholoni kusukela ekuqaleni komlando waso ngokudilizwa kwabantu bomdabu abavela eMpumalanga kuye eWest Coasts besuka eNyakatho baye eningizimu njengoba izifiki zaseYurophu zihamba ngaphesheya kwezwekazi laseNyakatho Melika.
Ukuthathwa komhlaba kwabahlali bamakoloni kwaqhubeka nokuthengwa komhlaba, ukuhlanganiswa, nokwebiwa komhlaba ngemiklomelo yempi yokuthola amazwe angaphandle kwezwekazi i-Alaska, iHawaii, iPuerto Rico, iGuam, i-American Samoa, i-US Virgin Islands, i-Northern Marianas kanye izinkathi ezahlukahlukene zesikhathi iPhilippines, iCuba, iNicaragua. Ngokudabukisayo, ukufakwa kwamasosha aseMelika noma izisekelo zaqanjwa ngamagama ezikhulu zamasosha ezaba nesandla ekuthatheni amazwe aboMdabu ngenkani- iFort Knox, iFort Bragg, iFort Steward, iFort Sill, iFort Polk, iFort Jackson.
“Amathunzi” Amasosha aseMelika
Umbutho wezempi wase-US unenhlangano enkulu "yezokuxhumana kwezithunzi" enamalungu ayo asebenza kuwo wonke amabutho ezempi ngenhla kwezinga leBrigade. Basebenza i-J5 noma ihhovisi lobudlelwano bezepolitiki-ezempi / nobudlelwano bamazwe omunye wemiyalo emihlanu ehlanganisiwe yamasosha ase-US. Ihhovisi ngalinye le-J5 lizoba nezikhulu zamasosha eziyi-10-15 okungenani ezineziqu zeMasters ezindabeni zepolitiki nezempi, izifundo zendawo nezilimi zesifunda esikhethekile.
Omunye waleyo miyalo umyalo we-Indo-Pacific, oseHonolulu, eHawaii. Umyalo we-Indo-Pacific uhlanganisa yonke iPacific ne-Asia entshonalanga yeHawaii kuze kuyofika eNdiya-amazwe angama-36, kufaka phakathi abantu ababili abakhulu emhlabeni-eNdiya naseChina. Imboza uhhafu wabantu bomhlaba kanye nama-52% womhlaba kanye nezivumelwano zokuzivikela ezihlangene zase-US ezi-5.
Laba “osomaqhinga” bezempi abaqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile babizwa ngochwepheshe bendawo yezangaphandle. Abagcini ngokuthola izabelo emiyalweni emikhulu yezempi, zitholakala cishe kuwo wonke amaNxusa aseMelika kuwo wonke amazwe. Ngokwengeziwe, labo ngoti bezempi bamazwe bajwayele ukunikezwa ezinye izinhlaka zikahulumeni, kubandakanya uMkhandlu Wezokuphepha Kazwelonke, uMnyango Wezwe, iNational Security Agency, iCentral Intelligence Agency, uMnyango Wezezimali, Ezokuphepha Kwasekhaya. Futhi banezabelo namanyuvesi, izinkampani nezinhlangano zamazwe omhlaba kubandakanya ne-United Nations. Iziphathimandla Zezindawo Zakwamanye amazwe zijwayele ukunikezwa ukuba zibe ngabaphathi bezokuxhumana namasosha akwamanye amazwe.
Abanye balinganisela ukuthi amasosha aseMelika anabo Ochwepheshe Abangaphezulu Kwendawo Yangaphandle kunaseMnyangweni Wezwe Wase-US onabameli baseMelika. Bathonya izinqubomgomo zase-US ekuthengisweni kwezikhali, ukuqeqeshwa kwamasosha ezwe elihlangene, ukuqashwa kwamazwe ukujoyina "izinhlangano zabantu abazimisele" ukwenza noma yisiphi isenzo samasosha abaphathi baseMelika abanquma ukusebenzisa ukuthi yimpi e-Afghanistan ekutholeni amazwe e-NATO, impi e-Iraq, isenzo sokulwa neLibya, uhulumeni waseSyria, i-ISIS kanye nokubulawa kwabantu e-Afghanistan, Yemen, Somalia, Mali, Niger.
Ama-800 US Milas Bases kwamanye Amazwe
I-US inezisekelo zamasosha angaphezu kwe-800 emazweni abanye abantu, eziningi ezahlala iminyaka engaphezulu kwe-75 kusukela ukuphela kweMpi Yezwe II kubandakanya i-174 eJalimane, i-113 eJapan (iningi esiqhingini esimatasa sase-Okinawa, iRykuyuu Kingdom) kanye ne-83 e INingizimu Korea.
Lapha ezweni loMbuso ophethwe yiHawaii, kunezikhungo ezinhlanu ezinkulu zamasosha ase-US e-Oah'u. IPohakuloa esiQhingini Esikhulu saseHawaii iyindawo enkulu yokuqhuma amabhomu e-US enkulu kunazo zonke e-US. I-Pacific Missile Range eKauai iyisikhungo sokuqalisa imicibisholo yemicibisholo ye-Aegis neTHAAD. Isikhungo esikhulu samakhompiyutha ezempi siseMaui. Ngenxa yobushoshovu bezakhamizi, iminyaka engama-50 yokuqhuma kwamabhomu esiqhingini saseKo'olawee isiphelile. Umngcele wePacific noma i-RIMPAC, izindlela zokulwa zempi yasolwandle ezinkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, zigcinwa emanzini aseHawaii minyaka yonke ngezizwe ezingaphezu kwama-30, imikhumbi engama-50, izindiza ezingama-250 kanye nabezempi abangama-25,000.
Esiqhingini esihlala abantu e-US iGuam, i-US inezikhungo ezintathu ezinkulu zamasosha kanti ukuthunyelwa kwamasosha aseMelika eGuam muva nje kukhuphule inani labantu bakulesi siqhingi ngamaphesenti angama-30 ngaphandle kokwanda kwengqalasizinda ukwamukela ukwanda okusheshayo kwabantu. Izakhamizi ziphikisana nohlu lwamabhomu amasosha aseMelika esiqhingini saseTinian.
Izakhamizi zase-Okinawa ziphikisane kakhulu nokwakhiwa komgwaqo owenziwa ngamasosha ase-US ungene e-Oura Bay osechithe amakhorali nempilo yasemanzini.
Izakhamizi esiQhingini iJeju, eSouth Korea ziphikisana nokwakhiwa kwesisekelo esikhulu semikhumbi esetshenziswa yi-US Navy, ukuthunyelwa kohlelo lwemishini yeTHAAD eSouth Korea kudonse umbhikisho omkhulu wezakhamizi. Isizinda esikhulu samasosha aseMelika ngaphandle kwaseMelika yiCamp Humphries eSouth Korea esakhiwe yize kunemibhikisho emikhulu yezakhamizi.
Militarization of Law Enforlement ejensi kuwo wonke amabanga
Umbutho wezempi wase-US awugcini nje ngokuhlala emazweni omdabu, kepha ukwenziwa kwempi ebanzi kuhlala ezingqondweni zomphakathi wethu. Amaphoyisa asekhaya enze ezempi ukuqeqeshwa kwawo. Amasosha ase-US enze ukuba kutholakale emaphoyiseni asendaweni okweqile imishini yamasosha njengabathwali bezempi, imishini yomsindo, izigqoko zokuzivikela, izivatho, izibhamu.
Imithetho yamasosha yokuzibandakanya kanye namaqhinga asetshenziswa ngamaphoyisa amaningi ukungena ezindlini, ukusondela kubantu abasolwa ngezenzo zobugebengu, ukudubula kuqala nokubuza imibuzo kamuva. Manje sekuyinsakavukela umchilo wesidwaba kulandela ukuthi amaphoyisa adubule umuntu ongahlomile, ukubuza ukuthi ngabe leli phoyisa belikade lisembuthweni wezempi wase-US yini, nini, kuphi futhi ngaluphi usuku ebelisempini njengoba kungenzeka ukuthi iphoyisa belisebenzise imithetho yezempi esikhundleni imithethonqubo yamaphoyisa lapho kudutshulwa umphakathi ongahlomile.
Isimo esikhethwayo sinikezwa omakadebona bezempi abafaka izicelo zokuba ngamaphoyisa, yize ngemuva kokudutshulwa kwamaphoyisa abantu abaningi abangahlomile njengoba kwenzeka kaningi ekuxhumaneni nabezempi, izinhlangano eziningi zamaphoyisa zidinga ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kwengqondo kwabasolwa bezempi ngesikhathi senqubo yokuqashwa. Umakadebona onengcindezi yangemva kokuhlukumezeka (PTS) futhi ikakhulukazi labo abathola isilinganiso sezokwelapha se-PTS kuVeterans Administration kufanele basuswe ekuqashweni kwamaphoyisa ngenxa yezinselelo ezingokomzwelo nezingokwengqondo.
Ukusebenza kwamasosha ase-US emajele e-Afghanistan, e-Iraq, eGuantanamo nasezindaweni zabamnyama eYurophu, eSouth East Asia nasezindaweni ezingaziwa ngumphakathi kuye kwaletha emajele ase-US indlela yezempi ebhekisa eziboshweni, ikakhulukazi lezo ziboshwa ezisabela kabi ezimeni zasejele kanye. isiyalo sasejele.
Ukuhlukunyezwa kwamalungelo abantu kwaqanjwa ngamasosha aseMelika ejele laseMelika e-Abu Ghraib, e-Iraq naseBagram, e-Afghanistan kanye nasejele laseMelika eliseGuantanamo, eCuba kuyaphindaphindeka emajele aseMelika.
Ukwengamela Kwabantu Basejele Base County
Ngisebenza nenhlangano ebizwa ngeTexas Jail Project okuyiqembu elimele umphakathi elisiza imindeni yabantu ababoshiwe emajele wesifunda angama-281 eTexas. ITexas Jail Project yadalwa ngesikhathi umngani, isishoshovu sezobulungiswa kwezemvelo, eboshwa izinsuku eziyi-120 eVictoria County, eTexas ngokunaka iminyaka engama-30 yokulahlwa kweplastiki okuqhubekayo nsuku zonke yinkampani yamakhemikhali e-Alamo Bay lapho ayekhona umdobi. Ngemuva kwemibhikisho eseceleni komgwaqo, isiteleka sendlala, incwadi eya kubahleli, ukunaka ukungcola, uthathe isinqumo sokuzama ukwazisa ngokungcoliswa ngokukhuphuka embhoshongweni osenkampanini yenkampani yamakhemikhali nokuzifaka ngamaketanga phezulu kombhoshongo, amamitha angu-150 phansi. Watholwa enecala lokwephula umthetho wagwetshwa izinsuku eziyi-120 ejele lesifunda.
Ngenkathi esejele, wabhala ngezimo zasejele futhi wanquma ukuthi uzosebenza ekulungisweni kwejele lesifunda lapho ephuma.Ngathi njengabangani bakhe sisebenze ukuphenya izindaba ezesabekayo zokuphathwa kweziboshwa, izimo ezimbi ngaphakathi emajele kubandakanya nokwelashwa yesimo sengqondo esiphazamisekile nesabesifazane abakhulelwe. ITexas Jail Project yaqala ukuhambela umhlangano wekota weKhomishini yaseJexas Jail, elinye lamaqembu ambalwa kakhulu ake ahlala emihlanganweni yebhodi enquma izinqubomgomo futhi eyalela uphenyo. Le phrojekthi ihole phambili ekunxenxweni kwesishayamthetho saseTexas State ukuthi kushaywe umthetho wokuthi owesifazane obelethayo akumele aboshelwe embhedeni wasesibhedlela lapho ebeletha. ITexas Jail Project ibuye inikeze inyanga ngayinye igama elithi "Hell Hole of the Month" kwesinye isiboshwa sasejele esinerekhodi lokuphathwa kabi kweziboshwa.
Amajele wesifunda eTexas anezinga eliphakeme kakhulu lokufa kweziboshwa ngokuzibulala noma ngokubulala. Njengoba onogada abaningi basejele bebengamasosha ngaphambili, iTexas Jail Project ikhumbuza imindeni yezisulu zodlame ngaphakathi emajele ukuthi ibuze masinyane ngemvelaphi yamasosha asejele futhi ibuze ukuthi ngabe onogada bebesebuthweni lase-US yini ikakhulukazi uma bebesempini noma bengabaqaphi Amajele aseMelika noma amaCIA ase-Afghanistan, Iraq noma eCuba. Uma omunye wonogada basejele besifunda esebenze emajele ase-US kulawo mazwe, khona-ke ukucabanga kufanele kube ukuthi amaqhinga onogada abawasebenzisa emajele ase-US kungenzeka ukuthi adluliselwa emajele omphakathi nasejele e-US
Omakadebona bezempi baseMelika bathola isikhundla esincomekayo lapho befaka izicelo zezikhundla zokuqashwa komphakathi ezingeni lendawo, lombuso kanye nelizwe. ITexas Jail Project igqugquzela ababengamasosha ase-US abafaka izicelo zamaphoyisa aseTexas County kanye nezikhundla zokuqashwa ejele ukuthi bahlolwe ngokukhethekile ngokomqondo ukuzama ukuthola ukuthi ngabe bayabonisa yini ukusala kwengcindezi yokuhlukumezeka okuvela kokuhlangenwe nakho kwezempi okungadluliselwa ekuziphatheni kabi kulabo ababoshiwe.
Isizwe se-Settler-Colonial Israel I-Israel Inikeza Izeluleko ze-US Zokuthi Ungazama Kanjani Ukulawula Amazwe Asetshenzisiwe
Isimo sezempi sikahulumeni wethu wobumbano sifakazelwa yizimo zokuboshwa / ezikhungweni zejele kanye nomngcele wase-US-Mexico kanye nezindawo zokuboshwa zabokufika emazweni amaningi.
Amandla empi yemingcele yase-US ebiyela ngocingo, ama-drones okubheka kanye nezindawo zokubheka kuye kwenziwa ngemuva kwesinye isifundazwe sase-Israel, esinomunye wemiphakathi eyizilwi kakhulu emhlabeni. Amaqhinga, ukuqeqeshwa kanye nemishini yakwa-Israyeli esetshenziswe kumaPalestine eWest Bank naseGaza kuthengwe cishe konke okuthe xaxa ngohulumeni baseMelika, ohulumeni kanye nabasekhaya hhayi kuphela izindawo zemingcele kodwa nasemadolobheni.
Angaphezu kuka-150 amabutho asedolobheni athumela amaphoyisa kwa-Israyeli ngezindlela zokubheka ezenziwa ngabakwa-Israel “ukulawula” abantu basePalestine abase-West Bank kanye nezakhamizi zase-Palestine zakwa-Israyeli kwa-Israyeli uqobo. Amaphoyisa aseMelika kanye nabasebenzi bakahulumeni babheka ukusebenza kwemingcele yakwa-Israyeli ejele elingaphandle okwenziwe uhulumeni wase-Israel ukuvimba iGaza ngomhlaba nangolwandle. Izikhulu zase-US zibuka abaduni be-Israel bekhipha amaPalestina besuka ezikhundleni zeberm emngceleni futhi bebheka izibhamu ezilawulwa kude ezithunyelwa kwabasePalestine.
Ngaphansi kokubuka kwamaphoyisa namasosha aseMelika, ama-300 Palestinians aseGaza abulawa ngabashayisibhakela bakwa-Israyeli kulezi zinyanga ezedlule ze-18 kwathi abantu basePalestine abangama-16,000 balinyazwa ngezibhamu zase-Israel, abaningi ababehlaselwa ngezinhlamvu eziqhumile emilenzeni ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi imilenze izobakhona. kumele inqunywe, ngaleyo ndlela yenze impilo yalowo okuhlosiwe ibe nzima kuye, umndeni wakhe kanye nomphakathi.
I-US njengeSizwe Sokuhlala Kwamakholoni
I-US kwakuyisizwe esihlala kwamanye amazwe kusukela ekuqaleni komlando waso okuphoqelelwa yizenzo zamasosha ngokumelana nabantu bomdabu e-US yezwekazi bese bethuthela ezweni elihlalwa yilabo emhlabeni wamakoloni ngokwakhiwa kanye nempi.
Njengoba kubonwe muva nje ezimpini zase-US e-Afghanistan nase-Iraq naseSyria, indlela yamakholoni yokuthatha umhlaba ngokuqinile ngokuthatha amasimu yabanye iyaphila futhi iyaphila.
Ngaphakathi e-US iningi labantu abasejele elikhulu kakhulu emhlabeni liyaqhubeka nokusatshiswa ngamacebo amasosha ase-US kanye nabokufika kanye nababaleki amalungelo abo aphulwe umthetho wobuntu base-United States.
Isikhathi Sokuqeda Indlela Yokuhlala Ye-Settler-Colonial
Isikhathi esidlule sokuthi i-US iqede inqubo yayo yokuhlala kwabantu emhlabeni kanye nasemazweni aphesheya kepha lokhu kuzokwenzeka kuphela lapho izikhulu zikahulumeni, kanye nezakhamizi, ziwuthola umlando we-US ngalokho nokuthi kuyini ngenhloso yokuzama ngenhloso ukushintsha ukusebenzisana kwabo nabantu bomdabu.
Mayelana noMlobi: U-Ann Wright usebenze iminyaka engama-29 e-US Army / Army Reserves futhi ethathe umhlalaphansi njengoColonel. Njengosomaqhinga waseMelika, usebenze iminyaka eyi-16 kumanxusa aseMelika eNicaragua, Grenada, Somalia, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Sierra Leone, Federated States of Micronesia, Afghanistan naseMongolia. Ushiye phansi uhulumeni wase-US ngo-2003 ephikisana nempi eyayilwa e-Iraq. Ungumbhali obambisene naye we- "Dissent: Voices of Conscience."
Impendulo eyodwa
ubukoloni kufanele buphele!