Isihlalo Esishisayo SeNyukliya: Izinganekwane Zokuba I-Taos Down-Winder

Ngu: Jean Stevens, World BEYOND War, Januwari 12, 2021

Sengihlale eTaos, eNew Mexico iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-30. Yindawo enhle enomlando ophawulekayo. Futhi kuyindawo yeTaos Pueblo okuyiNdawo Yamagugu Omhlaba. Nginguthisha osethathe umhlalaphansi futhi umsunguli / umqondisi weTaos Environmental Film Festival. Ngingumholi we-Climate Reality Corps futhi ngikhathazeke kakhulu ngezingozi ezibhekene nayo yonke impilo emhlabeni njengoba kwabikwa nge-Bulletin of Atomic Scientists kanye ne-2020 Doomsday Clock eyi-100 Seconds to Midnight (esiseduzane kakhulu ngenxa yokuguquka kwesimo sezulu & okusha Ukwanda kwebhomu le-nuke). Manje sesisondele embikweni omusha weDoomsday Clock ngo-2021. Njengoba kunesifo esiwumshayabhuqe womhlaba wonke, kanye nobumongameli bukaTrump obungenantambo, ngiyayesaba imiphumela.

Ngo-2011, ngathutha ngaya e-Ouray, eColorado lapho i- Umlilo weLas Conchas kwaqhuma futhi kwaqhamuka ebangeni elingamakhilomitha amabili ukusuka eLos Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), okuhlala kuyo cishe imiphongolo engama-30,000 yemfucumfucu ye-nuke plutonium. Ngo-2000, angikwazanga ukuphuma njengomfundisi wesikhathi esigcwele ngesikhathi seCerro Grande Fire. Lo mlilo uphinde weza eduze kweLANL ngendlela eyingozi futhi intuthu yaqhubekela eTaos, okuyibanga elingamamayela angama-45 phansi.

Ngesikhathi somkhosi wamafilimu eTelluride, ngakhuluma nalowo owayekade ecima umlilo ngo-2000 eCerro Grande futhi wabika ukuthi wabona ukuqhuma okuncane, okuvela phansi, ngenkathi elwa nomlilo. Lapho ngicela imininingwane eyengeziwe wayengafuni ukuxoxa ngesipiliyoni esibuhlungu.

I-MEXICO ENTSHA: UMKHIQIZO WENKOMBANE YENUZI, UKUGCINWA, UKUMOSHA & NUKE BOMB UKUDALULA ISIKHULU SOMHLABA WONKE?

Indawo yokugcina yezizwe yenuzi (futhi mhlawumbe eyomhlaba) enkulu kunazo zonke I-Kirtland Air Force Base e-Albuquerque, eNM. I- Isikhungo Sokushayela Ukuhlukaniswa Kwemfucuza ngaseCarlsbad, eNew Mexico kunqolobane enkulu yemfucuza evela ocwaningweni nasekukhiqizweni kwezikhali zenuzi zase-US. Itholakala esifundeni esiseningizimu-mpumalanga yeNew Mexico esibizwa “ngomhubhe wenuzi” ofaka ne- Indawo Yokucebisa Kazwelonke eduzane nase-Eunice, New Mexico, the Ochwepheshe Bokulawulwa Kwemfucuza indawo yokulahla imfucuza esezingeni eliphansi ngaphesheya komngcele ngase Andrews, Texas, kanye neInternational Isotopes, Inc. indawo ezokwakhiwa eduze kwase-Eunice, eNew Mexico.

Futhi-ke kukhona amalabhoratri amakhulu amathathu ezikhali zenuzi enkambini yezikhali zenuzi yeNational Nuclear Security Administration, ezimbili zazo - iLos Alamos (LANL) neSandia National Laboratories (SNL) - zitholakala eNew Mexico.

Esikubonayo ukuqhuma kweMpi Yomshoshaphansi ekucwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni kwezikhali ze-nuke eNew Mexico, okuyiqiniso lokuthi liyisisekelo somhlaba sokuvuselelwa kwezikhali zenuzi emhlabeni wethu. ILos Alamos Study Group iveze ukuthi i-LANL nuke modernization yamanje ukunwetshwa okukhulu kweLANL kusukela ngeManhattan Project.

Ku-2018 kwaqashwa umqondisi omusha wale nkathi entsha eLANL, uThomas “Thom” Mason, usosayensi wezinto okhulelwe waseCanada-American. Ngaphambi kwalesi sikhundla, wayekade eyisikhulu eBattelle Memorial Institute kusukela ngo-2017–2018, kanye nomqondisi we-Oak Ridge National Laboratory kusukela ngo-2007–2017. Ngawo lowo nyaka Kuphumelele iTriad National Security inkontileka engu- $ 25 billion evela eMnyangweni Wezamandla kaZwelonke Wezokuphathwa Kwezokuphepha Kwenuzi ukuphatha nokuphatha iLebhu Kazwelonke yaseLos Alamos. NgoNovemba, i Kubikwa iTaos News ukuthi umqondisi weLANL uDkt Thom Mason uqasha abafundi ukuthi basebenze ekwandeni okukhulu nasekuvuseleleni izikhali zenuzi.

LANDELA IMALI YENYOKA yegazi

IDont Bank on the Bomb ithi “Ukwenza izinto zesimanje kungadukisa, ikakhulukazi uma kukhulunywa ngezikhali zenuzi. Ukwenza izikhali zenuzi kube ngesokugcina noma ukwandisa amandla okubulala izakhamizi zisebenzisa isikhali esingakhethi esivinjelwe isivumelwano samazwe omhlaba. ” Ungabhangi ngebhomu imininingwane ebanzi ikhomba izinkampani ezizimele ezibambe iqhaza elikhulu ekwakhiweni kwezimboni zezikhali zenuzi, njenge Honeywell International enesivumelwano no AmaSandia Labs (Albuquerque, NM), lapho inhloko yempi nemicibisholo ihlangana khona yenze izikhali eziya ngokucekela phansi nokuzinza.

Ukutshalwa kwezimali okukhulukazi komkhiqizi ngamunye kubikwe ngo-2017 njengoba kubikwe yi-Don Bank kuBhomu yile:

1. I-Boeing: I-Boeing yenza imicibisholo eyenzelwe ngokukhethekile i-arsenal yase-United States kanye ne-tail-kit yamabhomu adonsela phansi esizukulwane esilandelayo. IBoeing, ezinze e-US, iyinkampani ye-aerospace enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni futhi ingumkhiqizi ohamba phambili wamajetini kanye nezinhlelo zamasosha, isikhala nezokuphepha. Imikhiqizo nezinsizakalo zayo zifaka phakathi izindiza ezentengiselwano nezamasosha, iziphuphutheki, amabhomu nemicibisholo, amasistimu kagesi nawamasosha, amasistimu wokuqalisa, izinhlelo ezithuthukisiwe zolwazi nezokuxhumana, kanye nokuqeqeshwa okusekelwe ekusebenzeni. Ngonyaka wezimali ophela ngomhla ka-31 kuZibandlela 2019, iBoeing ibike imali engenayo ye-US $ 76.559 million,
2. I-Honeywell International: I-Honeywell iyabandakanyeka ezikhungweni zezikhali zenuzi zase-US kanye nokukhiqiza izinto ezisemqoka zohlelo lwe-US Minuteman III ICBM kanye nohlelo lwe-Trident II (D5), olusetshenziswa yi-US kanye ne-UK njengamanje. IHoneywell International, ezinze e-US, isebenza njengenkampani yezobuchwepheshe ehlukahlukene kanye neyokukhiqiza. Amayunithi ebhizinisi enkampani yi-aerospace, ubuchwepheshe bokwakha, izixazululo zokuphepha nokukhiqiza nezinto zokusebenza nokusebenza kobuchwepheshe. Ngonyaka wezimali ophela ngomhla ka-31 kuZibandlela wezi-2018, iHoneywell International imemezele ukuthengiswa kwe-US $ 36,709 million.
3. U-Lockheed Martin: U-Lockheed Martin ubandakanyekile ekukhiqizeni izikhali zenuzi zase-UK nase-US njengomhlinzeki wezinsizakalo ezibalulekile nezakhi zemicibisholo ehlomile yenuzi. ILokheed Martin, ezinze e-US, igxile ocwaningweni, ekwakhiweni, ekuthuthukisweni, ekwenziweni, ekuhlanganisweni nasekusimamisweni kwezinhlelo zobuchwepheshe obuphambili, imikhiqizo nezinsizakalo. Ngonyaka wezimali ophela ngomhla ka-31 kuZibandlela wezi-2019, kukhiqize izimali ezingama-US $ 59.8 billion.
4. INorthrup Grumman: INorthrop Grumman ibandakanyeka kuzo zonke izici zesikhali sezikhali zenuzi zase-US - kusuka ezikhungweni ezikhiqiza amakhanda ezempi ukukhiqiza izinto ezibalulekile zezinhlelo zokulethwa eziklanywe ngokukhethekile. INorthrop Grumman ixhunywe okungenani kuma-US $ 68.3 billion ezinkontilekeni ezivelele ezihlobene nezikhali zenuzi, nomsebenzi okulindeleke ukuthi usebenze kuze kube okungenani u-2036. INorthrop Grumman, ezinze e-US, iyinkampani yomhlaba wonke yezokundiza, ezokuvikela nezokuphepha, ephethe iningi yebhizinisi layo noMnyango Wezokuvikela kanye nomphakathi wezobunhloli e-US. Ngonyaka wezimali ophela ngomhla ka-31 kuZibandlela wezi-2018, iNorthrop Grumman yakhiqiza izimali ezingama-US $ 33.3 billion.
5. URaytheon: URaytheon ubandakanyekile ekukhiqizeni umhlaba wase-US nomoya wethule imicibisholo ehlomile yenuzi futhi wakhethwa njengosonkontileka oyinhloko wesikhali esisha seLong Range Standoff. Njengamanje, uRaytheon uxhunywe okungenani ezigidini ezingama-US $ 963.4 kwizinkontileka ezihlobene nezikhali zenuzi, ezisebenza ngonyaka ka-2022. Ukuhlangana nenkampani i-United Technologies kuholela kokungenani kwezinye izinkontileka ezihlobene nezikhali zenuzi okungenani ama-US $ 500 million. URaytheon, ozinze e-US, uhlinzeka ngemikhiqizo ehlobene namasosha, uhulumeni kanye nemikhiqizo ehlobene nokuphepha kwe-cyber. Ngonyaka wezezimali ophela ngomhla ka-31 kuZibandlela 2019, uRaytheon wakhiqiza imali engu-US $ 29.2 billion.
6. I-Bechtel: I-Bechtel ibandakanyeka ezindaweni eziningi eziyinkimbinkimbi zezikhali zenuzi zase-US. Futhi kuyingxenye yethimba elizokwakha isikhali senuzi esizothatha isikhundla se-US Minuteman III, iGround Based Strategic Deterrent. IBechtel Group, inkampani yangasese ezinze e-US, isebenza njengenkampani yezobunjiniyela, yokwakha neyokuphatha amaphrojekthi. Ngonyaka wezimali u-2018, iBechtel Group ibike imali engenayo engama-US $ 25.5 billion.

 IMIPHUMELA EYAQHUBEKA

Emuva kusuka eBrink kuthi “Amandla acekela phansi ngokweqile nobuthi obubulalayo bezikhali zenuzi kubenza bahluke kuzo zonke ezinye izikhali. Ukuqhunyiswa kwebhomu elilodwa lenuzi kungabulala amakhulu ezinkulungwane futhi kubangele ukulimala nokugula kwabanye abaningi. Impi yenuzi elinganiselwe ingabulala kuze kufike ezigidini ezi-2 ngemiphumela yesimo sezulu ebangela indlala yomhlaba. Impi yenuzi egcwele isongela isintu uqobo. ”

Sengiphetha, ngiyethemba ukuthi sonke singahlangana ngoJanuwari 22, 2021 - usuku lomlando lapho iSivumelwano Sokuvimbela Izikhali Zenuzi siqala ukusebenza - ukukhuluma iqiniso emandleni, ukuhlonipha wonke umuntu ovikela impilo yethu nomthombo -ukuba nguMama wethu Ongcwele, futhi sigqugquzela ukuqedwa kwenuzi. Enye yezindawo ezinhle kakhulu zokuthola izinsizakusebenza, imfundo, nemicimbi ku- worldbeyondwar.org.