Iminyaka eyi-15 yokufa kwe-Iraq Ngemva kokuhlasela kwe-US

NgoMashi 19 kuphawula iminyaka eyi-15 selokhu i-US-UK yahlasela i-Iraq ngo-2003, futhi abantu baseMelika abanalo ulwazi ngobukhulu benhlekelele ukuhlasela okudalwe. Amasosha aseMelika anqabile ukugcina izibalo zokufa kwabantu base-Iraq. UGeneral Tommy Franks, owayephethe ukuhlasela kokuqala, utshele izintatheli ngokungananazi ukuthi, "Asikwenzi izibalo zomzimba." Eyodwa Ucwaningo ithole ukuthi iningi labantu baseMelika lalicabanga ukuthi ukufa kwabantu base-Iraq kwakungamashumi ezinkulungwane. Kodwa izibalo zethu, zisebenzisa ulwazi olungcono kakhulu olutholakalayo, zibonisa isilinganiso esiyinhlekelele sokufa kwabantu base-Iraqi abayizigidi ezingu-2.4 kusukela ngokuhlaselwa kuka-2003.

Isibalo sabashonile base-Iraq akuyona nje ingxabano yomlando, ngoba ukubulawa kusaqhubeka nanamuhla. Kusukela amadolobha amaningana amakhulu e-Iraq naseSyria awela ku-Islamic State ngo-2014, i-US ihole umkhankaso omkhulu wokuqhuma kwamabhomu kusukela ngeMpi yaseMelika eVietnam, yehla. Ama-105,000 amabhomu kanye nemicibisholo kanye nokunciphisa iningi le-Mosul kanye namanye ama-Iraqi nama-Syria aphikisanayo amadolobha abe yizicucu.

Umbiko wezobunhloli wase-Iraqi Kurdish ulinganise lokho okungenani Kwabulawa izakhamuzi ezingu-40,000 XNUMX ekuqhunyisweni kwamabhomu eMosul kuphela, kunezidumbu eziningi ezisagqitshwe emvithi. Iphrojekthi yakamuva yokususa imfucumfucu nokukhipha izidumbu endaweni eyodwa ithole ezinye izidumbu ezingu-3,353, okungama-20% kuphela ahlonzwe njengabalweli be-ISIS kanye nama-80% njengezakhamuzi. Abanye abantu abangu-11,000 XNUMX eMosul okusabikwa ukuthi badukile yimindeni yabo.

Emazweni lapho i-US kanye nabalingani bayo bebelokhu belwa kusukela ngo-2001, i-Iraq iyona kuphela lapho izazi zezifo eziwumshayabhuqe ziye zenza khona ucwaningo olunzulu lokufa okusekelwe emikhubeni engcono kakhulu abayenzile ezindaweni zempi ezifana ne-Angola, Bosnia, Democratic Republic. amazwe aseCongo, eGuatemala, eKosovo, eRwanda, eSudan nase-Uganda. Kuwo wonke lawa mazwe, njengase-Iraq, imiphumela yocwaningo olunzulu lwezifo eziwumshayabhuqe yembula ukufa okuphindwe izikhathi ezi-5 kuya kwezingu-20 kunezibalo ezishicilelwe ngaphambilini ezisekelwe ekubikeni “okungenzi lutho” kwezintatheli, ama-NGO noma ohulumeni.

Imibiko emibili enjalo nge-Iraq yaphuma endaweni ehlonishwayo I-Lancet ijenali yezokwelapha, okokuqala ngo-2004 kwase kuba ngo-2006. Ucwaningo lwango-2006 lulinganisela ukuthi cishe ama-Iraqi angama-600,000 abulawa ezinyangeni zokuqala ze-40 zempi nokusebenza e-Iraq, kanye nokufa kwabantu abangu-54,000 abangenalo udlame kodwa namanje okuhlobene nempi.

Ohulumeni baseMelika nabase-UK bawuchithile lo mbiko, bethi le ndlela yokusebenza ayinakwethenjwa nokuthi izinombolo zikhuluphele kakhulu. Emazweni lapho amabutho ezempi aseNtshonalanga engazange ahileleke khona, nokho, izifundo ezifanayo ziye zamukelwa futhi zashiwo kabanzi ngaphandle kwemibuzo noma impikiswano. Ngokusekelwe ngezeluleko zabeluleki bazo besayensi, izikhulu zikahulumeni waseBrithani zavuma ngasese ukuthi i 2006 Lancet umbiko ube "Kungenzeka ukuthi ulungile," kodwa ngenxa yemiphumela yayo yezomthetho nepolitiki, ohulumeni base-US nabaseBrithani bahole umkhankaso wokubhuqa wokuyihlambalaza.

Umbiko ka-2015 owenziwe yi-Physicians for Social Responsibility, Isibalo Somzimba: Izibalo Zabalimele Ngemva Kweminyaka Eyi-10 'Yempi Yokwesaba,” ithole ucwaningo lwe-Lancet lwango-2006 lunokwethenjelwa kakhulu kunezinye izifundo zokufa ezenziwa e-Iraq, icaphuna umklamo walo oqinile wocwaningo, ulwazi nokuzimela kwethimba labacwaningi, isikhathi esifushane esidlulile kusukela ekufeni kwabantu eyabhala kanye nokuhambisana kwayo nezinye izindlela zodlame e-Iraq. wathatha i-Iraq.

The Isifundo se-lancet yaqhutshwa eminyakeni engu-11 edlule, ngemva kwezinyanga ezingu-40 kuphela zempi nomsebenzi. Ngokudabukisayo, lokho bekungasondeli ekupheleni kwemiphumela ebulalayo yokuhlasela kwe-Iraq.

NgoJuni 2007, inkampani yokuvota yaseBrithani, i-Opinion Research Business (ORB), yenza olunye ucwaningo futhi yalinganisela ukuthi Kwabulawa ama-Iraqi ayi-1,033,000 ngaleso sikhathi.

Nakuba isibalo sabantu abayisigidi ababulawa sasishaqisa, ucwaningo lwe-Lancet luveze udlame olwanda kancane kancane e-Iraq ehlaselwe phakathi kuka-2003 no-2006, nokufa kwabantu abangu-328,000 onyakeni wokugcina. Ukuthola kwe-ORB ukuthi amanye ama-Iraqi angama-430,000 abulawa ngonyaka olandelayo kwakuhambisana nobunye ubufakazi bokwanda kodlame ngasekupheleni kuka-2006 nasekuqaleni kuka-2007.

Inqubomgomo Yezangaphandle nje "Isilinganisi Sokufa sase-Iraqi" olusha isilinganiso socwaningo lwe-Lancet ngokuphindaphinda ukufa okubikwe ngokungenzi lutho okuhlanganiswe yi-British NGO I-Iraq Body Count ngesilinganiso esifanayo esitholwe ngo-2006. Le phrojekthi yayekwa ngo-September 2011, nesilinganiso sayo sokufa kwabantu base-Iraqi simi ezigidini ezingu-1.45.

Sithatha isilinganiso se-ORB sezigidi ezingu-1.033 ezabulawa ngoJuni 2007, bese sisebenzisa indlela yokusebenza ye-Just Foreign Policy kusuka ngoJulayi 2007 kuze kube manje kusetshenziswa izibalo ezibuyekeziwe ezivela e-Iraq Body Count, silinganisela ukuthi ama-Iraqis ayizigidi ezingu-2.4 abulewe kusukela ngo-2003 ngenxa yethu. izwe ukuhlasela okungekho emthethweni, nobuncane bezigidi ezingu-1.5 kanye nenani eliphakeme lezigidi ezingu-3.4.

Lezi zibalo azikwazi ukunemba noma zithembeke njengocwaningo lokufa kwabantu osesikhathini samanje, oludingeka ngokushesha e-Iraq kanye nakulelo nalelo lizwe elihlaselwe yimpi kusukela ngo-2001. Kodwa ngokwahlulela kwethu, kubalulekile ukwenza okungcono kakhulu isilinganiso esinembile esingakwenza.

Amanani ayancipha, ikakhulukazi amanani akhuphukela ezigidini. Sicela ukhumbule ukuthi umuntu ngamunye obulewe umelela isithandwa sothile. Laba ngomama, obaba, abayeni, amakhosikazi, amadodana, amadodakazi. Ukufa okukodwa kuthinta wonke umphakathi; ngokuhlanganyela, zithinta isizwe sonke.

Njengoba siqala unyaka we-16 wempi yase-Iraq, umphakathi waseMelika kufanele uvumelane nesilinganiso sodlame nezinxushunxushu esizidalele e-Iraq. Kungaleso sikhathi kuphela lapho singathola khona intando yezombangazwe yokuqeda lo mjikelezo omubi wobudlova, esikhundleni sempi ngezingxoxo nobutha ngobungane, njengoba sesiqalile ukwenza nge-Iran futhi njengoba abantu baseNyakatho naseNingizimu Korea bezama ukwenza. ukugwema ukuhlangabezana nesiphetho esifanayo nese-Iraq.