Inkantolo Yezizwe Ezihlangene Yabantu Base-Afrika kanye nephupho Lobulungiswa

NguDavid Swanson, World BEYOND War, Ngo-Ephreli 8, i-2020

Ifilimu "Umshushisi, "Kukhulunywa ngendaba yeNkantolo yezobugebengu yamazwe omhlaba, kugxilwe kumshushisi wayo wokuqala, uLuis Moreno-Ocampo, nokuningi abakusho ngonyaka ka-2009. Wayebamba lelo hhovisi kusuka ngonyaka we-2003 kuya kowezi-2012.

Le filimu iqala ngokuhambisana noMshushisi ngendiza engena esigodini sase-Afrika ukwazisa abantu ukuthi i-ICC iletha ubulungiswa bayo ezindaweni zomhlaba wonke, hhayi nje isigodi sabo. Kepha, iqiniso, sonke siyazi ukuthi akulona iqiniso, futhi manje sesiyazi ukuthi ngisho nangeshumi leminyaka kusukela kwenziwa le filimu, i-ICC ayizange ibeke umuntu icala laseMelika noma yiliphi izwe le-NATO noma u-Israyeli noma iRussia noma iChina noma nomaphi ngaphandle kwe-Afrika.

UMoreno-Ocampo wayeshushise ngempumelelo izikhulu eziphezulu e-Argentina ngawo-1980s. Kepha lapho eqala e-ICC ukugxila kwakhe kwakuse-Afrika. Lokhu bekungenxa yokuthi amazwe ase-Afrika acele lokhu kushushiswa. Futhi abanye ababephikisana nokubandlulula i-Afrika, empeleni, babengabamangaleli bezelelesi ababenezinhloso ezingaqondakali kakhulu.

I-ICC ekuqaleni nayo ibingenawo amandla okushushisa ubugebengu bempi, uma kungenjalo ngamacala athile ezimpi. (Manje inalelo khono kepha ayikaze ilisebenzise.) Ngakho-ke, sibona uMoreno-Ocampo nozakwabo beshushisa ukusetshenziswa kwamasosha ezingane, kube sengathi ukusebenzisa abantu abadala kuzokulunga ngokuphelele.

Ukugcizelela umqondo wezimpi ezifanele ezamukelekayo kuyinkolelo-mbumbulu kwifilimu, njengokuthi: “Lokho okwenziwe ngamaNazi kwakungezona ezempi. Kwaku ngamacala. ” Lesi simangalo siyizingqondo eziyingozi impela. Izilingo zaseNuremberg zazisuselwa kwi-Kellogg-Briand Pact eyayivele ivimbele impi. Amacala ahlanekezela lo mthetho ngokungagxiliwe sengathi wayevimbela “impi enobudlova,” futhi andisa nomthetho ukuze kufakwe izingxenye zempi njengamacala athile athile. Kepha bekungamacala kuphela ngoba ayeyingxenye yobugebengu obukhulu bempi, ubugebengu obuchazwa eNuremberg njengobugebengu obuphakeme bezwe lonke ngoba buhlanganisa nabanye abaningi. Futhi impi ihlala ilobugebengu ngaphansi kweKellogg-Briand Pact kanye ne-UN Charter.

Le filimu ikhuluma ngamacala ase-Israel nase-US eGaza nase-Afghanistan ngokulandelana, kepha akekho owabekwa icala, hhayi ngaleso sikhathi futhi hhayi kusukela lapho. Esikhundleni salokho, sibona ukushushiswa kwabantu base-Afrika, kufaka phakathi ukumangalelwa kukamongameli waseSudan, kanye nabantu abahlukahlukene eCongo nase-Uganda, yize kungenjalo nezezihlobo zaseNtshonalanga ezifana noPaul Kagame. Sibona uMoreno-Ocampo evakashela e-Uganda ukuyoncenga uMongameli Museveni (naye angabekwa amacala amaningi isikhathi eside) ukuthi angavumeli umongameli wecala laseSudan ukuthi avakashele ngaphandle kokuboshwa. Sibona futhi, kakhulu ngesikweletu se-ICC, ukushushiswa "kwamacala empi" ezinhlangothini eziphikisanayo zempi efanayo - into engiyibona njengesinyathelo esisebenzayo ekufezeni inhloso Moreno-Ocampo angeke ahlanganyele ngayo, umgomo wokushushisa ukuloba impi ngabo bonke abayilwayo.

Le filimu ithatha ukugxekwa okuningana kwe-ICC. Enye impikiswano yokuthi ukuthula kudinga ukuyekethisa, ukuthi izinsongo zokushushiswa zingadala isisusa ekubonisaneni ngokuthula. Ifilimu empeleni, ifilimu, hhayi incwadi, ngakho-ke isinika nje izingcaphuno zohlangothi ngalunye futhi ingaxazululi lutho. Ngiyasola nokho nokho ukuthi ukubukeza ngokucophelela ubufakazi kuzoba nesisindo kulengxabano yokugwema ukwenza amacala obugebengu. Yize kunjalo, abantu abenze le ngxabano abazivikeli bona uqobo kodwa abanye. Futhi kubonakala sengathi abanawo ubufakazi obukhombisa ukuthi izimpi zihlala isikhathi eside lapho ukushushiswa kusongelwa. Okwamanje, i-ICC ikhomba ebufakazini bokuthi ukuletha amacala kungahle kulandelwe ngokuthuthuka kube nokuthula, kanye nokuthi ukushushiswa okusongela ukusetshenziswa kwamasosha ezingane kwenye ingxenye yezwe kungaholela ekunciphiseni ukusetshenziswa kwazo kwezinye izindawo.

Ifilimu ibuye ithinte nesimangalo sokuthi i-ICC ngeke iphumelele ngaphandle kokudala kuqala ibutho lomhlaba. Lokhu kusobala ukuthi akunjalo. I-ICC ingahle ingaphumeleli ngaphandle kokuxhaswa ngabenzi bempi abakhulu emhlabeni abaphethe amandla okuvota eMkhandlwini Wezokuphepha we-UN, kepha ngokusekelwa kwabo kuzoba namathuluzi amaningi anamandla okulandela labo okubakhombisayo - izindlela zezombusazwe nezomnotho zokucindezela ukukhishwa kwamanye amazwe .

Yini i-ICC engenza kangcono, inqobo nje uma ingaphandle kwesithupha sabenzi bempi abakhulu? Yebo, ngicabanga ukuthi abasebenzi bayo bamanje bazi kahle ukuthi yini engenza, ngoba baqhubeka nokusihlekisa ngayo. Iminyaka eminingi, bezilolonge ngomqondo wokushushisa ubugebengu base-US enziwa kwelase-Afghanistan e-ICC. UMoreno-Ocampo ugcizelela kaninginingi kule filimu ukuthi ubuqiniso nokuba nesandla kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze inkantolo isinde kakhulu. Ngiyavuma. Khombisa noma usho ubusuku obuhle. I-ICC kumele isole abenzi bempi baseNtshonalanga nezenzo zokuhlukumezeka ngesikhathi semvume ende, futhi kumele icacisele umhlaba ukuthi izobabeka icala labo abasuka ezindabeni ezintsha ngesikhathi esifanele.

UBen Ferencz wenza iphuzu elifanele kwifilimu: Uma i-ICC ibuthakathaka, isisombululo ukuyiqinisa. Ingxenye yalawo mandla kufanele ukuthi iyeke ukuba yinkantolo yama-Afrika kuphela.