NguTom Jacobs, Septhemba 26 2018, I-Pacific Standard.
Kube nemibhikisho eminingi kule minyaka emibili edlule, kusuka kulesi siqhwaga Mashi Womama ngosuku olulandelayo Donald TrumpUkwethulwa kwaleli sonto imibhikisho ka-anti-Brett Kavanaugh. Kepha ngaphandle kokucisha umusi, ingabe imashi kanye nemibuthano yezinsizakalo empeleni kufeza okuthile?
Ucwaningo olusha ibika impendulo ithi: impela. Kubikwa ukuthi imibhikisho enomthelela omkhulu inethonya elikhulu ekutheni abantu bavota kanjani emijahweni yokuhlangana - ngokwanele ukunquma ukuthi ngubani ophumelelayo nokuthi ngubani olahlekelayo.
“Ubushoshovu bomphakathi… bunomthelela emiphumeleni yokhetho,” kubhala usosayensi wezepolitiki UDaniel Gillion we-University of Pennsylvania nesazi sezenhlalo USarah Soule waseStanford University. "Abagcini ngokwaziswa kanye nokuhlanganiswa ngabavoti kuphela, kodwa nalabo abangaba yilungu lomhlangano babheka imibhikisho njengophawu lokuthi isikhathi silungile ukungena emjahweni."
In the Isayensi Yezenhlalo Ngekota, abacwaningi bahlaziya ukubuya kokhetho lwengqungquthela kusuka ngonyaka we-1960 kuya kowe-1990, bagxile emaphesentini evoti elatholwa yilabo ababekhethwe yiDemocratic and Republican, ngokulandelana. Babe sebebheka inani nemikhawulo yemibhikisho yezepolitiki esifundeni ngasinye (ngaphezu kuka-23,000 isiyonke), besebenzisa imininingwane evela kuma-akhawunti amaphephandaba.
Ukunyamalala kwemicimbi enjalo kwafakwa esikalini-kuya-kwesishiyagalolunye, kusetshenziswa leyo mibandela yokuthi ngabe ifaka ngaphezu kwabantu be-100; ngabe okokugcina kwagcina ngaphezu kosuku olulodwa; noma ngabe baheha ukuba khona kwamaphoyisa; nokuthi ngabe kukhona abalimele noma ababoshiwe.
Ekugcineni, babala ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zemibhikisho ezidonsela ukunaka kakhulu esifundeni esithile: lezo ezisekela izingqinamba zokwesekela ezifana amalungelo ezakhamuzi or ezemvelo, noma lezo ezikhuthaza izikhundla zokulondolozwa kwemvelo, njengemibukiso yokulwa nokufika noma imibukiso yokulwa nokuhushula isisu.
Ngemuva kokuthatha izinzuzo ze-incumbency ku-akhawunti, abacwaningi bathole iphethini ecacile.
"Imibhikisho eveza amagugu evulekile iholela emaphesentini amakhulu esabelo samaqembu amabili sabazongenela ukhetho lweDemocratic," babika. Imibhikisho exhasa izingqinamba ezilondolozayo inikeza umfutho ofanayo kumaRiphabhuliki.
Banezela, "Ubukhulu bale micimbi bukhulu impela." Ngokwesilinganiso, bathole ukuthi imibhikisho esezingeni eliphakeme yenkululeko yehlise isabelo samavoti eRiphabhulikhi ngamaphesenti ayi-6, futhi yandisa isabelo samavoti eDemocratic ngamaphesenti ama-2. Iphethini eliqonde ngqo litholakale ngemibhikisho ebaluleke kakhulu egqamisa ukukhathazeka okulondolozayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaqembu ayesethubeni elikhulu kakhulu lokuphakamisa umuntu ozongenela ukhetho “osezingeni” (okungukuthi, onolwazi) ukuphonsela inselelo ilungu elisesikhundleni likaKhongolose ngemuva kwemibhikisho yomphakathi esezingeni eliphezulu egxile ezindabeni ezisekelwa yiqembu. "Abagcini ngokwaziswa kanye nokuhlanganiswa ngabavoti," kubhala abacwaningi, "kodwa nalabo abangaba yilungu lezinhlangano baphinde babheke imibhikisho njengophawu lokuthi isikhathi silungile ukungena emjahweni."
Ucwaningo olwedlule Uthole imibhikisho emikhulu, enokuthula yezombusazwe ingaba nomthelela ngempumelelo kubazishayamthetho ukuthi batshintshe isimo sabo ezindabeni ezibalulekile. Ngokucabanga, imibhikisho eminingi "emahholo asedolobheni" abamele ibandla ngesikhathi esedlule ngonyaka owedlule baphinde baqinisa isandla Obamacare.
Ngaphandle kwale mpumelelo, lolu cwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi imibhikisho esebenzayo ayithinti nje kuphela ukuthi abameleli bethu bavota kanjani, kodwa ngubani omele thina. Ukuvota kubalulekile, kepha phakathi kokhetho, ungawabukeli phansi amandla okuya emigwaqweni.
