Ukubaluleka Kokungathathi-hlangothi Okusebenzayo Kwamazwe Ngamunye kanye Nokuthula Kwamazwe Ngamazwe

Ngu-Ed Horgan, World BEYOND War, Juni 4, i-2023

Isethulo sikaDkt Edward Horgan, isishoshovu sokuthula ne-Irish Peace and Neutrality Alliance, World BEYOND War, kanye namaVeterans For Peace.   

NgoJanuwari 2021 iqembu lomakadebona abavela emazweni amaningana okuhlanganisa ne-Colombia babambe iqhaza ekwakheni iphrojekthi ebizwa ngokuthi i-International Neutrality Project. Sasikhathazekile ngokuthi impi esempumalanga ye-Ukraine ingase ibe impi enkulu. Sasikholelwa ukuthi ukungathathi hlangothi kwase-Ukraine kwakubalulekile ekugwemeni impi enjalo nokuthi kwakunesidingo esiphuthumayo sokuthuthukisa umqondo wokungathathi hlangothi emhlabeni wonke njengenye indlela yezimpi zobudlova nezimpi zezinsiza, ezazenziwa kubantu baseMpumalanga Ephakathi kanye kwenye indawo. Ngeshwa, i-Ukraine yalahla ukungathathi hlangothi kwayo futhi ingxabano yase-Ukraine yakhula yaba impi enkulu ngoFebhuwari 2022, futhi amazwe amabili aseYurophu angathathi hlangothi, iSweden neFinland nawo athonywa ukuba alahle ukungathathi hlangothi kwawo.

Selokhu kwaphela iMpi Yomshoshaphansi, izimpi zonya ngenhloso yokubamba izinsiza ezibalulekile ziye zaqhutshwa yi-US kanye ne-NATO kanye namanye amadlelandawonye ephula imithetho yamazwe ngamazwe kanye ne-UN Charter, isebenzisa i-War Against Terror njengezaba. Zonke izimpi zobudlova bezingekho emthethweni ngaphansi kwemithetho yamazwe ngamazwe okuhlanganisa i-Kellogg-Briand-Pact kanye neMigomo yaseNuremberg evimbela izimpi zobudlova.

I-UN Charter ikhethe uhlelo olusebenza kahle kakhulu 'lwezokuphepha ngokuhlanganyela', olufana ne-Three Musketeers - eyodwa yabo bonke futhi yonke eyodwa. Laba baholi abathathu baba ngamalungu aphelele amahlanu oMkhandlu Wezokuphepha we-UN, ngezinye izikhathi aziwa ngokuthi amaphoyisa amahlanu, ayejutshwe ukulondoloza noma ukuphoqelela ukuthula kwamazwe ngamazwe. I-US kwakuyizwe elinamandla kakhulu emhlabeni ekupheleni kweWW 2. Yayisebenzise izikhali ze-athomu ngokungenasidingo ngokumelene neJapane ukuze ibonise amandla ayo kuwo wonke umhlaba. Nganoma yiziphi izindinganiso lokhu kwakuwubugebengu obukhulu bempi. I-USSR yaqhumisa ibhomu layo lokuqala le-athomu ngo-1949 ikhombisa iqiniso le-bipolar international power system. Kuleli khulunyaka lama-21 ukusetshenziswa, noma nokuba nezikhali zenuzi kufanele kuthathwe njengohlobo lobuphekula bomhlaba wonke.

Lesi simo besingaxazululwa ngokuthula futhi bekufanele sixazululwe ngemuva kokuphela kweMpi Yomshoshaphansi, kodwa abaholi base-US babona ukuthi i-US isiphinde yaba izwe elinamandla kunawo wonke emhlabeni futhi bashukumiseleka ukuba bakusebenzise ngokugcwele lokhu. Esikhundleni sokuhoxisa i-NATO manje engasenamsebenzi, njengoba i-Warsaw Pact yayisithathe umhlalaphansi, i-NATO eholwa yi-US yazishaya indiva izithembiso ezenziwa eRussia zokuthi ngeke yandise i-NATO emazweni angaphambili e-Warsaw Pact. Ukubusa nokusebenzisa kabi amandla kwakuthathe isikhundla somthetho wamazwe ngamazwe.

Amandla e-veto amalungu amahlanu ahlala unomphela e-UNSC (i-P5) abavumela ukuthi benze ngokungajeziswa futhi bephule i-UN Charter okufanele bayihloniphe, ngoba i-UNSC evaliwe ngeke ibathathele izinyathelo zokujezisa.

Lokhu kuholele ochungechungeni lwezimpi ezingekho emthethweni ezenziwa yi-US, NATO kanye nabanye ababambisene nabo, okubandakanya impi ebhekene neSerbia ngo-1999, Afghanistan 2001, Iraq 2003 nakwezinye izindawo. Bazithathele ezandleni zabo umthetho wamazwe ngamazwe futhi baba usongo olukhulu ekuthuleni kwamazwe ngamazwe.

Amabutho anonya akufanele abe khona kulezi zikhathi eziyingozi esintwini lapho impi ehlukumezayo yenza umonakalo omkhulu esintwini ngokwaso nasendaweni ehlala abantu. Ibutho lezokuvikela langempela liyadingeka ukuze kuvinjwe izinduna zempi, izigebengu zamazwe ngamazwe, omashiqela, namaphekula, okuhlanganisa namaphekula ezingeni likahulumeni, ekwenzeni ukuhlukumeza okukhulu kwamalungelo abantu nokucekelwa phansi kwePlanethi yethu Yomhlaba. Esikhathini esidlule amabutho e-Warsaw Pact ahlanganyela ezenzweni ezinolaka ezingenasizathu empumalanga yeYurophu, futhi amandla ombuso waseYurophu kanye namakoloni enza amacala amaningi ngokumelene nobuntu kumakoloni awo angaphambili. UMqulu weNhlangano yeziZwe wawuhloselwe ukuba yisisekelo sohlelo oluthuthuke kakhulu lwezomthetho wamazwe ngamazwe olwaluzoqeda la macala obugebengu obubhekiswe esintwini.

NgoFebhuwari 2022 iRussia yajoyina abephula umthetho ngokuqala impi yodlame ngokumelene ne-Ukraine, ngoba ikholelwa ukuthi ukwanda kwe-NATO kuze kufike emingceleni yayo kubeka engcupheni ubukhosi baseRussia. Abaholi baseRussia bangena ogibeni lwe-NATO ukuze basebenzise ingxabano yase-Ukraine njengempi yommeleli noma impi yezinsiza ngokumelene neRussia.

Umqondo womthetho wamazwe ngamazwe wokungathathi hlangothi wethulwa ukuze kuvikelwe izifundazwe ezincane kulolo dlame, futhi i-Hague Convention V yokungathathi hlangothi 1907 yaba ucezu oluqondile lomthetho wamazwe ngamazwe wokungathathi hlangothi. Kunokwehluka okuningi emikhubeni nasekusetshenzisweni kokungathathi hlangothi eYurophu nakwezinye izindawo. Lokhu kuhluka kuhlanganisa i-spectrum kusuka kokungathathi hlangothi okuhlonyiswe kakhulu kuya kokungathathi hlangothi okungahlomile. Amanye amazwe anjengeCosta Rica awanawo amasosha futhi athembele emthethweni wamazwe ngamazwe ukuvikela izwe lawo ekuhlaselweni. Njengoba nje amaphoyisa edingeka ukuze avikele izakhamuzi ezifundazweni, kudingeka uhlelo lwamaphoyisa lwamazwe ngamazwe nomthetho ukuze kuvikelwe amazwe amancane emazweni amakhulu anolaka. Amasosha okuvikela angempela angase adingeke kule njongo.

Ngokusungulwa nokusabalala kwezikhali zenuzi, alikho izwe, okuhlanganisa i-US, i-Russia ne-China, elingase lingaqinisekiswa ukuthi lingakwazi ukuvikela amazwe alo kanye nezakhamuzi zalo ekukhungathekeni. Lokhu kuye kwaholela kulokho okuyinkolelo-mbono ehlanya ngempela yezokuphepha emhlabeni wonke ebizwa ngokuthi i-Mutually Assured Destruction, efushaniswe ngokufanelekile ku-MAD Lo mbono usekelwe enkolelweni eyiphutha yokuthi akekho umholi wezwe ongaba yisiphukuphuku noma ohlanya ngokwanele ukuqala impi yenuzi.

Amanye amazwe anjengeSwitzerland ne-Austria anokungathathi hlangothi okulotshwe kuMthethosisekelo wawo ngakho ukungathathi hlangothi kwawo kungaqedwa kuphela ngenhlolovo yezakhamuzi zawo. Amanye amazwe anjengeSweden, i-Ireland, iCyprus ayengathathi hlangothi njengenqubomgomo kaHulumeni futhi ezimweni ezinjalo, lokhu kungashintshwa ngesinqumo sikahulumeni, njengoba sekwenzekile kakade endabeni yaseSweden neFinland. Ingcindezi manje iyeza kwezinye izifundazwe ezingathathi hlangothi okuhlanganisa ne-Ireland ukuthi zilahle ukungathathi hlangothi kwazo. Le ngcindezi ivela ku-NATO kanye ne-European Union. Amazwe amaningi e-EU manje angamalungu agcwele omfelandawonye wezempi we-NATO, ngakho-ke i-NATO cishe isithathe i-European Union. Ngakho-ke ukungathathi hlangothi ngokomthethosisekelo kuyinketho engcono kakhulu emazweni afana ne-Colombia ne-Ireland njengoba inhlolovo yabantu bayo kuphela engaqeda ukungathathi hlangothi kwayo.

Ngemva kokuphela kweMpi Yomshoshaphansi, i-US kanye ne-NATO bathembisa iRussia ukuthi i-NATO ngeke inwetshwe emazweni asempumalanga ye-Europe kuze kufike emingceleni yeRussia. Lokhu bekuyosho ukuthi wonke amazwe asemingceleni yaseRussia azobhekwa njengamazwe angathathi hlangothi, kusukela oLwandle iBaltic kuya oLwandle Olumnyama Lesi sivumelwano saphulwa ngokushesha yi-US kanye ne-NATO.

Umlando ubonisa ukuthi uma imibuso inolaka kwakheka izikhali ezinamandla ezizosetshenziswa lezi zikhali. Abaholi base-US abasebenzisa izikhali ze-athomu ngo-1945 babengezona i-MAD, babeyi-BAD nje. Izimpi zolaka sezivele zingekho emthethweni, kodwa kumele kutholakale izindlela zokuvikela lokho kungabi semthethweni.

Ngokwentshisekelo yesintu, kanye nentshisekelo yazo zonke izidalwa eziphilayo kuPlanethi Yomhlaba, manje sekunecala eliqinile okufanele lenziwe ukuze kwandiswe umqondo wokungathathi hlangothi emazweni amaningi ngangokunokwenzeka.

Ukungathathi hlangothi okudingekayo manje akufanele kube ukungathathi hlangothi okungekuhle lapho imibuso ishaya indiva izingxabano nokuhlupheka kwamanye amazwe. Ezweni elixhumene elisengozini esiphila kulo manje, impi kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomhlaba iyingozi kithi sonke. Ukungathathi hlangothi okuhle okusebenzayo kudinga ukukhuthazwa futhi kukhuthazwe. Lokhu kusho ukuthi amazwe angathathi hlangothi anelungelo eligcwele lokuzivikela kodwa awanalo ilungelo lokulwa nezinye izifundazwe. Nokho, lokhu kufanele kube ukuzivikela kwangempela. Kuzophinde kubophezele amazwe angathathi hlangothi ukuthi akhuthaze futhi alekelele ekugcineni ukuthula nobulungiswa bamazwe ngamazwe. Ukuthula ngaphandle kobulungisa kuwukuphela kwesikhashana nje njengoba kwaboniswa yiMpi Yezwe Yokuqala neyesibili.

Kukhona ukuhluka okubalulekile emcabangweni wokungathathi hlangothi, futhi lokhu kufaka phakathi lokho kokungathathi hlangothi okungekuhle noma kokuzihlukanisa. I-Ireland iyisibonelo sezwe eliye labonisa ukungathathi hlangothi okuhle noma okusebenzayo, kusukela lajoyina iZizwe Ezihlangene ngo-1955. Nakuba i-Ireland inebutho elincane kakhulu lezokuvikela lamasosha angaba ngu-8,000 88, iye yakhuthala kakhulu ekunikeleni imisebenzi yokugcina ukuthula ye-UN futhi iye yaphumelela. alahlekelwe amasosha angama-XNUMX ashone kule mikhankaso ye-UN, okuyizinga eliphezulu labantu abalimalayo eMbuthweni Wezokuvikela omncane kangaka.

Odabeni lwase-Ireland, ukungathathi hlangothi okuhle okusebenzayo kuphinde kwasho ukukhuthaza ngenkuthalo inqubo yokususa amakoloni nokusiza amazwe asanda kuzimela kanye namazwe asathuthuka ngosizo olungokoqobo ezindaweni ezifana nezemfundo, izinsizakalo zezempilo, kanye nokuthuthukiswa komnotho. Ngeshwa, kusukela i-Ireland yajoyina i-European Union, futhi ikakhulukazi emashumini eminyaka amuva nje, i-Ireland ithande ukudonselwa emikhubeni yezifunda ezinkulu ze-EU kanye namandla angaphambili angamakoloni ekuxhashazweni amazwe asathuthuka kunokuba iwasize ngokweqiniso. I-Ireland iphinde yalimaza kakhulu isithunzi sayo sokungathathi hlangothi ngokuvumela amasosha ase-US ukuthi asebenzise isikhumulo sezindiza sase-Shannon entshonalanga ye-Ireland ukulwa nezimpi zayo zobudlova eMiddle East. I-US, NATO kanye ne-European Union bebelokhu besebenzisa ingcindezi yezokuxhumana nezomnotho ukuzama ukuthola amazwe angathathi hlangothi eYurophu ukuthi alahle ukungathathi hlangothi kwawo futhi ayaphumelela kule mizamo. Kubalulekile ukuveza ukuthi isijeziso sentambo asivunyelwe kuwo wonke amazwe angamalungu e-EU futhi lokhu kuyintuthuko enhle kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, amalungu e-NATO anamandla kakhulu futhi angamalungu e-EU abelokhu ebulala abantu baseMpumalanga Ephakathi ngokungemthetho kule minyaka engamashumi amabili edlule. Lesi isijeziso sokufa ngezinga elikhulu ngempi. I-geography ingaphinda idlale indima ebalulekile ekungathathi hlangothi okuphumelelayo futhi indawo yesiqhingi sase-Ireland eseduze emaphethelweni asentshonalanga ye-Europe yenza kube lula ukugcina ukungathathi hlangothi kwayo. Lokhu kuphambene namazwe anjengeBelgium neNetherlands okuye kwaphulwa ukungathathi-hlangothi kwawo izikhathi eziningana. Nokho, imithetho yamazwe ngamazwe kufanele ithuthukiswe futhi isetshenziswe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukungathathi hlangothi kwawo wonke amazwe angathathi hlangothi kuyahlonishwa futhi kuyasekelwa.

Nakuba inemikhawulo eminingi, iSivumelwano sase-Hague sokungathathi hlangothi sithathwa njengesisekelo semithetho yamazwe ngamazwe yokungathathi hlangothi. Ukuzivikela kwangempela kuvunyelwe ngaphansi kwemithetho yamazwe ngamazwe mayelana nokungathathi hlangothi, kodwa lesi sici sihlukunyezwe kakhulu amazwe anolaka. Ukungathathi hlangothi okusebenzayo kungenye indlela esebenzayo ezimpini zolaka. Le phrojekthi yokungathathi hlangothi kwamazwe ngamazwe kufanele ibe yingxenye yomkhankaso obanzi wokwenza i-NATO kanye nezinye izivumelwano zamasosha ezinolaka zingasebenzi. Inguquko noma ukuguqulwa kweNhlangano Yezizwe Ezihlangene nakho kungenye into eseqhulwini, kodwa lowo ngumsebenzi wolunye usuku.

Umqondo nomkhuba wokungathathi hlangothi uhlaselwa ngamazwe ngamazwe, hhayi ngoba akulungile, kodwa ngoba ubekela inselele ukwanda kwezempi kanye nokusebenzisa kabi amandla yizifunda ezinamandla kakhulu. Umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu wanoma yimuphi uhulumeni ukuvikela bonke abantu bakhe kanye nokuphishekela izithakazelo ezingcono kakhulu zabantu bakhe. Ukuhileleka kwamanye amazwe izimpi nokujoyina imifelandawonye yezempi enolaka akukaze kuzuzise abantu bamazwe amancane.

Ukungathathi hlangothi okuhle akuvimbeli izwe elingathathi hlangothi ekubeni nobudlelwano obuhle bezamanxusa, umnotho, kanye namasiko nazo zonke ezinye izifundazwe. Zonke izifundazwe ezingathathi hlangothi kufanele zibambe iqhaza elibonakalayo ekukhuthazeni ukuthula kuzwelonke nakwamanye amazwe kanye nobulungiswa bomhlaba wonke. Lona umehluko oyinhloko phakathi kokungathathi hlangothi okunegethivu, kokungenzi lutho ngakolunye uhlangothi, nokungathathi hlangothi okuhle okusebenzayo ngakolunye uhlangothi. Ukukhuthaza ukuthula kwamazwe ngamazwe akuwona nje umsebenzi weNhlangano Yezizwe Ezihlangene, kuwumsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu kuzo zonke izizwe, kuhlanganise neColombia. Ngeshwa, iZizwe Ezihlangene azizange zivunyelwe ukwenza umsebenzi wazo obaluleke kakhulu wokudala nokugcina ukuthula kwamazwe ngamazwe, okwenza kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi zonke izizwe ezingamalungu e-UN kufanele zisebenze ngenkuthalo ukudala ukuthula nobulungisa emhlabeni wonke. Ukuthula ngaphandle kobulungisa kuwukuphela kwesikhashana nje. Isibonelo esihle kakhulu salokhu kwakuyisivumelwano sokuthula seWW 1 Versailles, esasingenabo ubulungiswa futhi sasingesinye sezimbangela zeWW 2.

Ukungathathi hlangothi okungekuhle noma okungenzi lutho kusho ukuthi izwe livele ligweme izimpi futhi linake ibhizinisi laso ezindabeni zezindaba zamazwe ngamazwe. Isibonelo salokhu kwakuyi-United States ngeMpi Yezwe Yokuqala kanye neMpi Yezwe Yesibili, lapho i-US ingathathi hlangothi kwaze kwaba yilapho iphoqeleka ukuthi imemezele impi ngokucwila kweLusitania ku-WW 1 kanye nokuhlasela kwamaJapane ePearl Harbor ngo-WW 2. . Ukungathathi hlangothi okuhle okusebenzayo kuyindlela engcono kakhulu futhi enenzuzo kakhulu yokungathathi hlangothi ikakhulukazi kulokhu 21^st Ikhulu leminyaka lapho isintu sibhekene nezinkinga eziningana ezikhona kuhlanganise nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu kanye nezingozi zempi yenuzi. Abantu kanye namazwe ngeke besakwazi ukuhlala bebodwa leli zwe elincikene lanamuhla. Ukungathathi hlangothi Okusebenzayo kufanele kusho ukuthi amazwe angathathi hlangothi awanaki nje ibhizinisi lazo, kodwa futhi asebenze ngokuzimisela ukuze asize ukudala ukuthula kwamazwe ngamazwe kanye nobulungisa bomhlaba wonke futhi kufanele zihlale zisebenzela ukuthuthukisa nokuphoqelela imithetho yamazwe ngamazwe.

Izinzuzo zokungathathi hlangothi zihlanganisa iqiniso lokuthi ukungathathi hlangothi kuyingqungquthela eyaziwayo emthethweni wamazwe ngamazwe, ngokungafani nokungavumelani, futhi ngenxa yalokho akubeki imisebenzi ezifundazweni ezingathathi hlangothi kuphela kodwa futhi kubeka imisebenzi ezifundazweni ezingathathi hlangothi, ukuhlonipha ukungathathi hlangothi kwezifundazwe ezingathathi hlangothi. Sekube namacala amaningi ngokomlando lapho amazwe angathathi hlangothi aye ahlaselwa khona ezimpini ezinonya, kodwa njengoba abaphangi bamabhange nababulali bephula imithetho yezwe kanjalo nezifunda ezinolaka ziphula imithetho yamazwe ngamazwe. Kungakho ukukhuthaza ukuhlonishwa kwemithetho yamazwe ngamazwe kubaluleke kakhulu, futhi kungani ezinye izifundazwe ezingathathi hlangothi zingase zikuthole kudingekile ukuba nebutho lezokuvikela elihle ukuze kunqandwe ukuhlaselwa kwesifunda sayo, kuyilapho ezinye ezifana neCosta Rica zingaba izwe eliphumelelayo elingathathi hlangothi, ngaphandle kokuba nebutho lezempi. amandla. Uma izwe elifana neColombia linemithombo yemvelo ebalulekile, kufanele kube ubuhlakani ukuthi iColombia ibe namandla okuvikela amahle, kodwa lokhu akusho ngempela ukuchitha izigidigidi zamaRandi kuzindiza zokulwa ezivuselelwe kakhulu, amathangi empi nemikhumbi yempi. Imishini yesimanje yokuzivikela yezempi ingenza izwe elingathathi hlangothi livikele indawo yaso ngaphandle kokuwohloza umnotho waso. Udinga kuphela amathuluzi ezempi anolaka uma uhlasela noma uhlasela amanye amazwe futhi izifunda ezingathathi hlangothi zivinjelwe ukwenza lokhu. Amazwe angathathi hlangothi kufanele akhethe uhlobo olunengqondo lwebutho lezokuvikela langempela futhi asebenzise imali ayilondolozayo ekunikezeni izinga eliphezulu lezempilo, izinsizakalo zomphakathi, imfundo nezinye izinsiza ezibalulekile kubantu bawo. Ngesikhathi sokuthula, ibutho lakho lezokuvikela lase-Colombia lingasetshenziselwa izinjongo eziningi ezinhle njengokuvikela nokuthuthukisa indawo ezungezile, nokusiza ngokubuyisana, nokuhlinzekwa kwezinsizakalo ezibalulekile zomphakathi. Noma yimuphi uhulumeni kufanele agxile kakhulu ekuvikeleni izithakazelo ezingcono kakhulu zabantu bakhe kanye nezithakazelo ezibanzi zesintu, hhayi nje ukuvikela indawo yakhe. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uchitha izigidigidi zamaRandi emabuthweni akho ezempi, ngeke kwanele ukuvimbela umbuso omkhulu womhlaba ekuhlaseleni nasekuthatheni izwe lakini. Okufanele ukwenze ukuvimbela noma ukudikibalisa noma yikuphi ukuhlasela okunjalo ngokwenza kube nzima futhi kubize ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze amandla amakhulu ahlasele izwe lakini. Ngokubona kwami ​​lokhu kungafezwa ngokuba umbuso ongathathi hlangothi ungazami ukuvikela abangavikelwe kodwa ube nenqubomgomo nokuzilungiselela ukuphendukela ekungasebenzisani ngokuthula nanoma yimaphi amabutho ahlaselayo. Amazwe amaningi anjengeVietnam kanye ne-Ireland asebenzisa impi yabashokobezi ukuze athole ukuzimela kodwa izindleko ezimpilweni zabantu zingamukeleki phezulu ikakhulukazi nge-21.^st impi yekhulu leminyaka. Ukugcina ukuthula ngezindlela ezinokuthula kanye nokubusa komthetho yiyona ndlela engcono kakhulu. Ukuzama ukwenza ukuthula ngokwenza impi kuyindlela yokuletha inhlekelele. Akekho owake wabuza labo ababulawa ezimpini ukuthi bacabanga ukuthi ukufa kwabo kwakufanelekile noma 'kufanele'. Nokho, lapho uNobhala Wombuso waseMelika uMadeline Albright ebuzwa ngokufa kwezingane zase-Iraq ezingaphezu kwengxenye yesigidi ngawo-1990 nokuthi inani lalikufanele yini, waphendula: “Ngicabanga ukuthi lokho kuwukukhetha okunzima kakhulu, kodwa inani, cabanga, intengo ikufanele.”

Uma sihlaziya izinketho zokuvikela izwe izinzuzo zokungathathi hlangothi zidlula kude noma yikuphi ukonakala. ISweden, iFinland ne-Austria zalondoloza ukungathathi hlangothi kwazo ngokuphumelelayo phakathi neMpi Yomshoshaphansi, futhi endabeni yaseSweden, zahlala zingathathi hlangothi iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-200. Manje, njengoba iSweden neFinland belahla ukungathathi hlangothi futhi bajoyina i-NATO babeke abantu babo namazwe abo esimweni esiyingozi kakhulu. Ukube i-Ukraine ibihlala iyizwe elingathathi hlangothi, bekungeke manje kube nempi ebhubhisayo okungenzeka ukuthi isibulale abantu bayo abangaphezu kwe-100,000 kuze kube manje, okuwukuphela kwabahlomuli kungaba abakhiqizi bezikhali. Impi yonya yaseRussia nayo yenza umonakalo omkhulu kubantu baseRussia, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-NATO ibhebhethekisa kanjani ukwanda okunonya. UMongameli waseRussia u-Putin wenze iphutha elibi kakhulu lapho engena ogibeni oluhlelekile lwe-NATO. Akukho lutho oluthethelela ubudlova obusetshenziswa iRussia ekuthatheni kwayo impumalanga ye-Ukraine. Ngokunjalo, i-US kanye nabalingani bayo be-NATO babengenasizathu sokuketula ohulumeni base-Afghanistan, Iraq naseLibya, nokwenza udlame lwezempi olungenabulungiswa eSyria, Yemen nakwezinye izindawo.

Imithetho yamazwe ngamazwe ayanele futhi ayisetshenziswa. Isixazululo salokhu wukuba njalo sithuthukise imithetho yamazwe ngamazwe kanye nokuziphendulela ngokuphulwa kwemithetho yamazwe ngamazwe. Yilapho ukungathathi hlangothi okusebenzayo kufanele kusetshenziswe khona. Amazwe angathathi hlangothi kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi akhuthaze ubulungiswa bomhlaba wonke kanye nezinguquko kanye nokubuyekeza imithetho yamazwe ngamazwe kanye nomthetho.

I-UN yasungulwa ngokuyinhloko ukuze idale futhi igcine ukuthula kwamazwe ngamazwe, kodwa i-UN ivinjelwa ukwenza lokhu ngamalungu ayo ahlala njalo e-UNSC.

Izingxabano zakamuva eSudan, Yemen nakwezinye izindawo zibonisa izinselelo ezifanayo kanye nokuhlukunyezwa. Abaphehli bezempi bempi yombango eSudan abalweli abantu baseSudan, benza okuphambene. Balwa nabantu baseSudan ukuze baqhubeke nokuntshontsha izinsiza ezibalulekile zaseSudan ngenkohlakalo. ISaudi Arabia namadlelandawonye ayo asekelwa yi-US, British kanye nabanye abahlinzeki bezikhali babambe iqhaza empini yokuqothula abantu baseYemen. Amazwe aseNtshonalanga kanye namanye asebenzisa izinsiza zeDemocratic Republic of Congo isikhathi esingaphezu kwekhulu ngezindleko ezinkulu ezimpilweni nasekuhluphekeni kwabantu baseCongo.

Amalungu amahlanu anomphela oMkhandlu Wezokuphepha we-UN anikezwe umsebenzi okhethekile wokuhlonipha imigomo nemibandela yoMqulu we-UN. Nokho abathathu kubo, i-US, UK kanye ne-France bebelokhu bephula i-UN Charter kusukela ekupheleni kweMpi Yomshoshaphansi, nangaphambi kwalokho eVietnam nakwezinye izindawo. Muva nje iRussia ibisenza okufanayo ngokuhlasela futhi ilwe impi e-Ukraine futhi ngaphambi kwalokho, e-Afghanistan ngeminyaka yawo-1980.

Izwe lami, i-Ireland, lincane kakhulu kuneColombia, kodwa njengeColombia siye sahlushwa izimpi zombango kanye nokucindezelwa kwangaphandle. Ngokuba izwe elihle elingathathi hlangothi i-Ireland ibambe iqhaza elibalulekile ekukhuthazeni ukuthula kwamazwe ngamazwe kanye nobulungiswa bomhlaba wonke futhi izuze ukubuyisana phakathi kwe-Ireland. Ngikholwa ukuthi iColombia ingakwazi futhi kufanele yenze okufanayo.

Nakuba abanye bengase baphikise ngokuthi kukhona ukonakala ngokungathathi hlangothi njengokuntuleka kobumbano, nokubambisana namadlelandawonye, ​​ukuba sengozini ezinsongweni zomhlaba wonke nezinselele, lokhu ngokungangabazeki kusebenza kuphela ekungathathi hlangothi okungekuhle kokuzihlukanisa. Uhlobo lokungathathi hlangothi olusifanela kangcono isimo samazwe ngamazwe ekhulwini lama-21, futhi olufanele kangcono i-Colombia, ukungathathi hlangothi okuhle okusebenzayo lapho amazwe angathathi hlangothi ekhuthaza ukuthula nobulungiswa emazingeni kazwelonke, esifunda namazwe ngamazwe. Uma i-Colombia iba yizwe elingathathi hlangothi elisebenzayo, izonikeza isibonelo esihle kakhulu kuzo zonke ezinye izifundazwe zase-Latin America ukuze zilandele isibonelo sase-Colombia ne-Costa Rica. Uma ngibheka imephu yomhlaba, ngibona ukuthi iColombia isendaweni ekahle kakhulu. Kusengathi iColombia ingumgcinisango eNingizimu Melika. Masenze i-Colombia Isango Lokuthula kanye Nobulungisa Bomhlaba Wonke.