Ibhalwe ngu-Antonio De Lauri, Amaphupho ajwayelekile, Ngo-Ephreli 10, i-2022
Impi yase-Ukraine yavuselela umdlandla othile oyingozi wempi. Imibono efana ukuthanda izwe, amanani entando yeningi, uhlangothi olulungile lomlando, noma a impi entsha yenkululeko ziyagqugquzelwa njengokuphoqa ukuthi wonke umuntu athathe uhlangothi kule mpi. Akumangazi ke ukuthi inani elikhulu okuthiwa fighters angaphandle bazimisele ukuya e-Ukraine ukuze bajoyine uhlangothi olulodwa noma olunye.
Ngihlangane nabambalwa babo muva nje emngceleni wePoland ne-Ukraine, lapho ngangiqhuba khona izingxoxo neqembu lamafilimu laseNorway elinamasosha nezilwi zakwamanye amazwe ezazingena noma ziphuma endaweni yempi. Abanye babo empeleni abakaze balwe noma “babuthwe” njengoba bengenalo ulwazi lwezempi noma ugqozi olufanele. Kuyiqembu elixubile labantu, abanye babo asebechithe iminyaka eminingi besosha, kanti abanye benza inkonzo yezempi kuphela. Abanye banomkhaya ekhaya ubalindile; abanye, alikho ikhaya engingabuyela kulo. Abanye banezisusa eziqinile zemibono; abanye bazimisele nje ukudubula kokuthile noma othile. Kukhona neqembu elikhulu lamasosha angaphambili aguqukela emsebenzini wokusiza abantu.
Lapho seqa umngcele ukuze singene e-Ukraine, owayeyisosha lase-United States wangitshela: “Isizathu esenza abaningi asebathatha umhlalaphansi noma ababengamasosha bathuthele emsebenzini wokusiza abantu kungase kube isidingo sokujabula kalula.” Uma usuphumile embuthweni wezempi, umsebenzi oseduze kakhulu ongakuyisa “endaweni yokuzijabulisa,” njengoba omunye esho, ebhekise endaweni yempi yase-Ukraine, umsebenzi wokusiza abantu—noma, empeleni, uchungechunge lwamanye amabhizinisi akhula ngendlela emangalisayo. ukusondela kwempi, okuhlanganisa osonkontileka nemisebenzi yobugebengu.
"Singama-adrenaline junkies," kusho lowo owayeyisosha laseMelika, nakuba manje esefuna ukusiza izakhamuzi kuphela, into ayibona "njengengxenye yenqubo yami yokwelapha." Lokho abafana abaningi bamasosha akwamanye amazwe abafana ngakho isidingo sokuthola injongo yokuphila. Kodwa lokhu kuthini ngemiphakathi yethu uma, ukuze ifune ukuphila okunenjongo, izinkulungwane zizimisele ukuya empini?
Nakhu inkulumo-ze ebusayo okubonakala sengathi kusikisela ukuthi impi ingaqhutshwa ngokweqoqo lemithetho eyamukelekayo, esezingeni kanye nengaqondakali. Iveza umbono wempi eziphathe kahle lapho kuphela okuhlosiwe kwezempi kubhujiswa khona, amandla angasetshenziswa ngokweqile, futhi okulungile nokungalungile kuchazwa ngokucacile. Le nkulumo-nkulumo isetshenziswa ohulumeni kanye nenkulumo-ze yemithombo yezindaba eminingi (nge imboni yezempi celebrating) ukwenza impi yamukeleke kakhudlwana, ikhange nakakhulu, kubantu abaningi.
Noma yini ephambuka kulo mbono wempi efanele nehloniphekile kuthathwa njengokuhlukile. Amasosha ase-US ukuhlukumeza iziboshwa e-Abu Ghraib: okuhlukile. Amasosha aseJalimane ukudlala ngogebhezi lomuntu e-Afghanistan: okuhlukile. I Isosha lase-US owangena endlini ngendlu edolobhaneni lase-Afghan, wabulala izakhamuzi ezingu-16 kuhlanganise nezingane ezimbalwa ngaphandle kwesizathu: ngaphandle kwalokho. Amacala empi enziwa ngu Amasosha ase-Australia e-Afghanistan: okuhlukile. Iziboshwa zase-Iraq zihlukunyezwa ngu Amasosha aseBrithani: okuhlukile.
Izindaba ezifanayo ziyavela empini yamanje e-Ukraine futhi, nakuba iningi "lingakaqinisekiswa." Njengoba impi yolwazi yenza umehluko phakathi kwezinto ezingokoqobo nenganekwane, asazi ukuthi sizokwazi futhi nini ukuqinisekisa amavidiyo afana nesosha lase-Ukraine likhuluma nocingo nomama wesosha laseRussia elibulewe futhi lihlekisa ngaye. wakhe, noma Amasosha ase-Ukraine ukudubula iziboshwa ukuze kuzenze zilimale unomphela, noma izindaba mayelana namasosha aseRussia ahlukumeza ngokocansi abesifazane.
Konke okuhlukile? Cha. Yilokho kanye impi eyikho. Ohulumeni benza imizamo emikhulu ukuchaza ukuthi lezi ziqephu azihlangene nempi. Baze benze sengathi bayamangala lapho kubulawa izakhamuzi, nakuba ukuqondiswa ngendlela ehlelekile kwezakhamuzi kuyisici sazo zonke izimpi zangaleso sikhathi; isibonelo, phezu Kwabulawa izakhamuzi ezingu-387,000 XNUMX ezimpini zangemuva kwe-9/11 zase-US kuphela, okungenzeka ukuthi zife ngenxa yemiphumela ehlehlayo yalezo zimpi.
Umqondo wempi ehlanzekile nephumelelayo ungamanga. Impi iyindawo enesiphithiphithi yamasu ezempi ahlanganiswe nonya, ukwephulwa komthetho, ukungaqiniseki, ukungabaza, nenkohliso. Kuzo zonke izindawo zokulwa imizwelo efana nokwesaba, amahloni, injabulo, injabulo, ukumangala, intukuthelo, unya, nozwelo kuhlangene.
Siyazi futhi ukuthi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiziphi izizathu zangempela zempi, ukukhomba isitha kuyisici esibalulekile sazo zonke izingcingo zokungqubuzana. Ukuze ukwazi ukubulala-ngokuhlelekile-akwanele ukwenza abalwi banganaki isitha, badelele; kuyadingeka futhi ukubenza babone esitheni isithiyo sekusasa elingcono. Ngalesi sizathu, impi idinga ngokuqhubekayo ukuguqulwa kobunikazi bomuntu kusuka esimweni somuntu kuya ekubeni yilungu leqembu lesitha elichaziwe, nelizondwayo.
Uma okuwukuphela kwenhloso yempi kuwukuqeda isitha ngokoqobo, khona-ke singachaza kanjani ukuthi kungani ukuhlukunyezwa nokubhujiswa kwezidumbu ezifile nabaphilayo kwenziwa ngonya olungaka ezinkundleni zempi eziningi kangaka? Nakuba ngendlela engaqondakali ubudlova obunjalo bubonakala bungacabangeki, kuyenzeka ukubona ngeso lengqondo ababulewe noma abahlukunyeziwe behambisana nezethulo ezehlisa isithunzi ezivezwa njengabaqhwaga, amagwala, abangcolile, abancane, abangathembekile, ababi, abangalaleli—izethulo ezihamba ngokushesha ezinkundleni zokuxhumana. . Udlame lwezimpi umzamo omkhulu wokuguqula, ukuchaza kabusha kanye nokusungula imingcele yomphakathi; ukuqinisa ubukhona bomuntu futhi aphike obunye. Ngakho-ke, udlame olukhiqizwa yimpi akulona nje iqiniso elibonakalayo, kodwa futhi luhlobo lokuxhumana nabantu.
Lokhu kulandela ukuthi impi ayinakuchazwa kalula njengomphumela wezinqumo zezombusazwe ezivela phezulu; futhi kunqunywa ngokubamba iqhaza kanye nemizamo evela ngezansi. Lokhu kungathatha uhlobo lodlame olunesihluku ngokwedlulele noma ukuhlukunyezwa, kodwa futhi njengokumelana nomqondo wempi. Kuyindaba yabasebenzi bezempi abaphikisa ukuba yingxenye yempi ethile noma umsebenzi othile: izibonelo zisukela ukwenqaba ukuya empini ngenxa kanembeza ngesikhathi sempi, ukubeka ingcaca njengendaba ye I-Fort Hood Three owenqaba ukuya eVietnam ecabangela leyo mpi “engekho emthethweni, yokuziphatha okubi, nokungalungi,” kanye nokwenqaba Unogada Kazwelonke WaseRussia ukuya e-Ukraine.
“Impi ayinabulungisa futhi yimbi kangangokuthi bonke abayilwayo kumelwe bazame ukuvimba izwi likanembeza ngaphakathi kubo,” kubhala uLeo Tolstoy. Kodwa kufana nokubamba umoya ngaphansi kwamanzi—awukwazi ukwenza isikhathi eside, ngisho noma uqeqeshiwe.
U-Antonio De Lauri unguSolwazi Wocwaningo eCh. I-Michelsen Institute, uMqondisi weNorwegian Centre for Humanitarian Studies, kanye nomnikelo ku-Costs of War Project ye-Watson Institute for International and Public Affairs e-Brown University.
