Umnqobi Omkhulu Ekukhethweni KweCanada NguMpi

NguMatthew Behrens, ngo-Okthoba 17, 2019

Kusukela Rabble.ca

Akunandaba ukuthi ngubani ozothatha izintambo zePhalamende ngesonto elizayo, mhlawumbe ophumelele kakhulu okhethweni lukahulumeni lwaseCanada lwango-2019 kuzoba yinhlanganisela yezimboni zamasosha kanye nomnyango wezempi.

Ngempela, amapulatifomu awo wonke amaqembu amakhulu - amaLiberal, ama-Conservatives, i-NDP kanye namaGreens - aqinisekisa ukuthi ukukhishwa okumangazayo kwemali yomphakathi kuzoqhubeka nokugelezela kubahlomuli bempi ngokuhlonipha umthetho wezempi obambelele ngokulinganayo kubo bonke. Njenganoma iyiphi inkolo, kukhona namasosha aseCanada anokholo olungabuzwa emibonweni ethile eyisisekelo engasoze yabuzwa noma yahlolwa ngokumelene nobufakazi besayensi obukhona.

Kulesi simo, inkolo yamasosha ithatha ukuthi umnyango wezempi usebenzela inhloso ebalulekile emphakathini kanye neqhaza lomhlaba jikelele yize kungekho imibhalo ekhombisa ukuthi izigidigidi ezingapheli ezichithwe ezenzweni, emidlalweni yempi, ekubulaweni kwabantu ngokuhlasela, nasekuhlaselweni okuhlomile zike zabumba ukuthula nobulungiswa. Olunye uphawu oludumile lwalolu kholo ukugqokwa kwama-poppies abomvu njalo ngoNovemba. Abasakazi bezindaba obekumele babe ngababukeli bezinjongo bazigqoka ngaphandle kokungabaza, noma kunjalo uma intatheli ye-CBC ibingagqoka i-poppy emhlophe ukuthula, lokho kungathathwa njengokuhlubuka futhi kube yisizathu sokuxoshwa.

Ukwethenjwa okubekwa ngabaseCanada kule orthodoxy kungabikwa kuphela ezingeni elijulile lokungazwisisani. Amasosha aseCanada yinhlangano etholakele igcwele ukuhlukunyezwa ku Somalia futhi Afghanistan kanye nangaphakathi kwayo ezinhlwini; umnyango wezempi unayo okuthiwa Abavikeli bomhlaba wendabuko njengosongo olukhulu lokuphepha; isikhungo ngokwaso sivame ukutshelwa ukuthi sibeke phansi izimo zokuphikisana nomphakathi, ikakhulukazi uma abantu bomdabu bemelela amalungelo abo I-Kanesatake kuya Izimpophoma zaseMuskrat; amasosha alwa ne usizi lodlame olubhekiswe kwabesifazane; iyahlafuna futhi ikhafulele ama-veterans okufanele ukulwela amalungelo ayisisekelo kakhulu lapho befika ekhaya belimele bevela empini; futhi ngumbuso kahulumeni omkhulu kunabo bonke obamba iqhaza ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu.

Canada wezempi emitter enkulu

Ngesikhathi sokhetho lapho iqembu ngalinye libone isidingo sokubhekana nokuguquka kwesimo sezulu - bonke banezinkundla ezingahambelani nenselelo, ngokusho kweqembu lezemvelo Yima.earth - akekho umholi oyedwa ozimisele ukukhuluma ngohulumeni wobumbano ucwaningo, othola ukuthi amasosha aseCanada akude futhi ukude kakhulu nohulumeni omkhulu we-greenhouse emissions. Ngonyaka wezimali i-2017, lokho bekungama-544 kilotons, okungaphezu kwamaphesenti ama-40 amakhulu kunhlangano elandelayo kahulumeni (Izinsizakalo Zomphakathi eCanada) futhi cishe kungamaphesenti ama-80 ukwedlula ezolimo eCanada.

Lokhu kutholakala kuyahambisana nocwaningo oluhlobene olukhombisa iqhaza lePentagon njengeqhaza elikhulu kunawo wonke ekukhiqizeni igesi engcolisa umoya. Ngokusho kwamuva umbiko kusuka eBrown University:

“Phakathi kuka-2001 no-2017, okuyiminyaka imininingwane etholakala ngayo kusukela ekuqaleni kwempi yobushokobezi ngesikhathi i-US ihlasela i-Afghanistan, amasosha aseMelika akhipha amathani ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-1.2 amagesi abamba ukushisa. Amathani angaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-400 amagesi abamba ukushisa abangelwa ngqo ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kaphethiloli ahlobene nempi. Ingxenye enkulu yokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli wePentagon eyamajeti ezempi. ”

Ngokuphawulekile, abezempi sekuyisikhathi eside bafuna ukungabandakanywa ekuvinjelweni kokukhishwa kwamandla kagesi abamba ukushisa. Ngempela, ezingxoxweni zesimo sezulu i-1997 Kyoto, iPentagon yaqinisekisa ukuthi ukuphuma kwezempi ngeke kufakwe phakathi kwalezo zikhungo ezidingekayo ukubuyisela amandla abo ekufudumaleni komhlaba. Njengesikhungo seTransnational wabonisa ngosuku olwandulela ingqungquthela yaseParis ngo-2015, "Ngisho nanamuhla, ukubika izwe ngalinye kudingeka ukuthi lenze kwi-UN mayelana nokukhishwa kwazo kungabandakanyi uphethiloli othengiwe futhi osetshenziswa amasosha phesheya kwezilwandle."

Ngaphansi kwesivumelwano saseParis esingabophisi, lokho kukhululwa kwezempi okuzenzakalelayo bekukhona uphakanyisiwe, kepha amazwe awafuneki ukusika ukuphuma kwawo empini.

$ 130 billion kumabhomu, izimpi zempi

Okwamanje, noma ngabe ngubani onqobayo ngoMsombuluko, ojenene emnyangweni wezempi kanye nabaphathi bezikhulu zabakhiqizi bezikhali abakhulu abakhotha izingodo zabo. Bambalwa abavoti baseCanada abaziyo ukuthi amakhulu ezigidigidi zamadola abo entela azobophezeleka kumaphrojekthi wezenhlalakahle ezinkampani ukwakha imikhumbi yempi ngezindleko okungenani $ 105 billion kanye namabhomu okulwa ngokulwa nezindleko $ 25 billion (cishe ephakeme kakhulu, uma nje imboni yezempi ngokwesiko ingaphansi futhi ukweqa). Akudingeki ukuqoqwa kwamathoyizi empi, kepha imfundiso yempi yaseCanada ithi noma yini abesilisa nabesifazane bethu abafake iyunifomu abacabanga ukuthi bayayidinga, bazoyithola. Noma izindlela zokubulala abantu sezivele zingaphezu kokubulala ngokwanele, imishini yempi yobuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphezulu ilangazelela ojenene kanye nabaphathi abakhulu njengokulungiswa kwezidakamizwa.

Njengoba izintatheli zibuza ukuthi izithembiso zezinto ezizuzisa umphakathi zingakhokhelwa kanjani - njengokuqinisekisa ubulungiswa ezinganeni zomdabu eziyi-165,000 eziqhubeka nokubhekana nokucwaswa ngokobuhlanga okugunyazwe uhulumeni noma ukwakha izindlu ezingambi eqolo noma ukuqeda isikweletu sabafundi - abalokothi babuze ukuthi amaqembu anethemba lokuthi angabuyisa kuphi Kuzosetshenziswa u- $ 130 billion-plus kusizukulwane esilandelayo semishini yokubulala. Futhi kabangabazi nakancane ukwebiwa okungajwayelekile konyaka komgcinimafa womphakathi, lapho umnyango wezempi waseCanada uzoqhubeka nokujabulela ukuma kwawo njengomzuzi omkhulu kunabo bonke wokusebenzisa imali kukahulumeni $ 25 billion njalo ngonyaka futhi kukhula (discretionary kusho ukuthi asikho isidingo somthetho salokhu kuphathwa kwe-bloaucracy ukuthola ipeni elilodwa).

Noma ngabe lezi zinkinga bezingalethwa empikiswaneni yomphakathi, uJagmeet Singhs no-Elizabeth Mays bomkhankaso bazojoyina ikhorasi yeTrudeau-Scheer, bangene ngobuqhawe nokuthi kuhle kangakanani ukubiza amasosha ukuba asize ekulweni nemiphumela yesimo sezulu shintsha njengoba kufakazelwa ngenkathi kushiswa ihlathi noma izikhukhula. Kepha izakhamizi zingawenza kalula lo msebenzi, futhi ngeke zidinge ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile ekubulaweni okuyigunya eliyinhloko lomnyango wezempi. Ngempela, kwesinye sezikhathi ezingavamile zokungagunci, owayengumphathi wempi uRick Hillier ngokudumile Ubeke amazwana ukuthi "Singamabutho aseCanada, futhi umsebenzi wethu ukukwazi ukubulala abantu." Umholi we-NDP ongasekho uJack Layton - owathi, ayikaze ifunwe ukufaka kabusha noma ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwezempi ngenkathi use-Ottawa - udunyiswe Ngokuphawula kwakhe uHillier, waphawula: "Sinenhloko yamabutho ethu ahlomile, futhi enganqeni ukuzwakalisa uthando oluyisisekelo sabasebenzi bezempi."

Amapulatifomu ephathi

Ngenkathi abakwa Liberals bekucacile ukuthi bangathanda khulisa ukusetshenziswa kwemali yempi ngamaphesenti we-70 kule minyaka eyishumi ezayo kanye nabakwaConservatives, njengoba kwenzeka njalo, kungalindeleka ukuthi kugcinwe amazinga aphezulu emali yezempi kanye nokuthengwa kwamabhomu nemikhumbi yempi, i-NDP neGreens ngokusobala ihambisana nalokhu kutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu esimweni sezulu. ukubulala impi.

I-NDP's Green New Deal kulindeleke ukuthi iholele ekutshalweni kwemali kwe $ 15 billion ngaphezulu kweminyaka emine: lokho kungama- $ 85 billion angaphansi kwalokho abazokutshala emnyangweni wezempi omkhathi wawo okhishwa ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu, ongaphezu kwama-kilotoni angama-500 ngonyaka, kuzonciphisa kakhulu noma yikuphi ukuzuza okwenziwe ngaphansi kohlelo lwe-NDP. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-NDP yanelisekile ukusebenzisa enye imali eyizigidigidi ezingama- $ 130 emikhunjini yempi nakumabhomu. "Isivumelwano esisha sabantu" yisivumelwano esidala esifanayo embonini yempi. Njengabo bonke osopolitiki, abasho ukuthi kuzobiza malini uma bebhala ezabo platform:

“Sizogcina ukuthengwa kwemikhumbi ngesikhathi nangesabelomali, futhi siqinisekise ukuthi umsebenzi wenziwa ngendlela efanele ezweni lonke. Ukushintshwa kwezindiza zempi kuzosuselwa emncintiswaneni wamahhala futhi ongenzeleli ukuqinisekisa ukuthi sithola abalwa impi engcono kakhulu ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zaseCanada, ngentengo engcono. ”

Kepha kweqembu okungenzeka ukuthi lakha inkundla yalo ekuthathweni kwezinqumo okusekelwe ebufakazini, alikho icala elenziwa lokuthi yiziphi iziqhumane "ezihamba phambili" ngezidingo zaseCanada ezingenazo iziqinisekiso. Ngokudabukisayo, i-NDP isusa imilevu efanayo ekhathele eye yaqhubeka nokuqamba amanga kwezinganekwane zaseCanada ezimalunga nekhulu mayelana nokusolwa nokuhlonishwa kwesikhungo esihlala sixhaswe ngemali njalo, neqhaza emangeni ukuthi umnyango wezempi uphathwe kabi futhi waxhaswa kabi ngemali. "Ngeshwa, ngemuva kwamashumi eminyaka yokusikwa nokuphathwa budedengu kweLiberal ne-Conservative, umbutho wethu wezempi ushiywe nemishini ephelelwe yisikhathi, ukwesekwa okunganele kanye negunya lecebo elingacacile."

AmaGreens awekho angcono, kuzwakala sengathi amaRepublican anamaphiko angakwesobunxele ngaphakathi ememezela:

“ICanada manje idinga inhloso ejwayelekile, ibutho elinamandla okulwa elinganikeza izinketho ezingokoqobo kuhulumeni ezimweni eziphuthumayo zokuphepha kwasekhaya, ezokuvikela amazwekazi kanye nokusebenza kwamazwe omhlaba. Lokhu kufaka ukuvikela imingcele esenyakatho yeCanada njengoba iqhwa lase-Arctic licibilika. Uhulumeni Wezemvelo uzoqinisekisa ukuthi amabutho ahlomile aseCanada alungele ukusebenza emkhakheni wendabuko kanye nowezintsha. ”

Kuhunyushwe kwangempela, kusho ukuthini lokhu? Izimo eziphuthumayo zasemakhaya zidala izehlakalo ezinjengokuhlasela kwabantu abahlomile kwezindawo zabomdabu njengeKanesatake (ie i-Oka) nendawo ezungeze iMuskrat Falls noma ukucindezela abaphikisi emazweni aphesheya izingqungquthela. Ukusebenza kwamazwe aphesheya kweCanada ngokwesiko bekubandakanya ukugcina izindlela zokungalingani nokungabi nabulungisa, ukuqhumisa abanye abantu ngamabhomu nokuhlala kwamanye amazwe ngokungemthetho. Zibandakanya nemidlalo yempi yesitayela se-junket ezindaweni ezingaphandle. Umkhumbi wempi waseCanada udlala imidlalo yempi neNATO eMedithera esikhundleni sokunikela ngezinsizakusebenza zayo ukuhlenga ababaleki ababhekene nokufa okuthile kuleyo ngozi eyingozi.

AmaGreens nawo azwakala njengoDonald Trump lapho opine ukuthi: "Ukuzibophezela kweCanada kwi-NATO kuqinile kepha akutholi mali." Ngenkathi u-Elizabeth May esho ukuthi angathanda ukuthi i-NATO iyeke ukuthembela kwayo kuzikhali zenuzi, usazokwesekela ukuba yilungu lenhlangano indima yayo enkulu enamazwe ahlasela ngokungemthetho emhlabeni wonke inqobo nje uma besebenzisa izikhali “ezivamile” .

AbakwaGreens baphinde basekele igunya lombuso le-UN elaziwa ngokuthi “umsebenzi wokuvikela,” lokho okubizwa ngokuthi yisisekelo sokusiza lapho, ngokwesibonelo, iCanada yaba khona, ngokuvumelana ngazwi linye i-NDP-Liberal-Conservative, ekuqhunyisweni kwamabhomu eLibya ngo-2011 .

Ukuxhumana kucacile

Zonke izindawo zempi ziyizindawo zenhlekelele yemvelo nokuzungeza komhlaba. Ukusuka ekusetshenzisweni kwe-defoliants ukucekela phansi izihlahla kanye ne-shayela e-Southeast Asia kuya ekubhujisweni okulimazekayo kwamahlathi phakathi kwazo zombili izimpi zomhlaba kuya ekusetshenzisweni kwe-uranium ese-Iraq nase-Afghanistan kuya ekuhlolweni okuqhubekayo nasekusetshenzisweni kwezikhali zamakhemikhali, zebhayoloji kanye nezikhali zenuzi, konke impilo amafomu emhlabeni asengozini evela empini.

Njengoba izigidi zimasha emigwaqweni zikhalazela ukungasebenzi kokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, uphawu oludumile olufuna ushintsho lohlelo yilona olungenziwa kalula yibo bonke abaholi bamaqembu amakhulu eCanada. Bafuna okungcono kakhulu ukucubungula uhlelo oluyingozi futhi ngeshwa, bamukele imicabango ezokhipha noma yimuphi umzamo wokunciphisa i-carbon footprint yakho. Akukho lapho kucace khona ngaphezu kokuzibophezela kwabo ngokuhlanganyela kwezempi yaseCanada kanye nabahlomuli bempi.

Umsebenzi oyingqophamlando kaRosalie Bertell ongasekho mayelana nezikhali zenuzi ubhala kakhulu ngokubhujiswa kwempi. Incwadi yakhe yokugcina, Iplanethi Yomhlaba: Isixhobo Samuva Sempi, iqala ngesicelo esilula esingaba mnandi ukubona kuboniswa ezinhlakeni zeqembu esikhathini sokubhujiswa kwabantu abaningi: “Kumele sakhe ubudlelwane obambisanayo noMhlaba, hhayi obubusayo, ngoba ekugcineni kuyisipho sempilo ukuthi dlulisela ezinganeni zethu nakwizizukulwane ezizolandela. ”

UMatthew Behrens ungumbhali ozimele futhi nommeli wobulungiswa bezenhlalo oxhumanisa inethiwekhi yesenzo esiqondile iHomes not Bombs. Usebenze eduze nezinhloso ze-Canada kanye ne-US "ukuphepha kwezwe" ukuphrinta iminyaka eminingi.