(Lesi yisigaba 41 se- World Beyond War iphepha elimhlophe I-Global Security System: I-Alternative to War. Qhubeka esandulele | okulandelayo ingxenye.)
The I-ICJ noma "iNkantolo Yezwe" uyilungu eliyinhloko lezomthetho leZizwe Ezihlangene. Ikwahlulela amacala ahanjiswe kuwo yi-States futhi inikeza imibono eyeluleka ezindabeni zomthetho ezibhekiswe kuyo yi-UN kanye nezinhlangano ezikhethekile. Abahluleli abayishumi nesishiyagalolunye bakhethwa iminyaka eyisishiyagalolunye ngokwemibandela yi-General Assembly noMkhandlu wezokuPhepha. Ngokusayina i-Charter, amazwe azama ukulandela izinqumo zeNkantolo. Bobabili amaqembu ombuso ekuthumeni kumele avumelane kusengaphambili ukuthi iNkantolo inamandla uma kuvuma ukuthunyelwa kwabo. Izinqumo zibophezela kuphela uma bobabili amaqembu avumelana kusengaphambili ukuba bahlale nabo. Uma, emva kwalokhu, esimweni esingavamile ukuthi iPhathi likaHulumeni alihambisani nesinqumo, le nkinga ingathunyelwa kuMkhandlu wezokuPhepha ngezinyathelo ezibona ukuthi kuyadingeka ukuletha uHulumeni ukuba ulandelelwe (ngaleyo ndlela isebenza kuVeto loMkhandlu wezokuPhepha) .
Imithombo yomthetho lapho ithola khona izinqumo zayo yizivumelwano nezivumelwano, izinqumo zokwahlulela, isiko lamazwe ngamazwe, kanye nezimfundiso zabachwepheshe bamazwe angaphandle. INkantolo ingenza kuphela izinqumo ezisekelwe kumbambiswano okhona noma umthetho wesintu kusukela kungekho mthetho womthetho wezomthetho (kungekho nesishayamthetho sezwe). Lokhu kwenza izinqumo ezihlukumezayo. Lapho i-General Assembly icela imibono eyelulekayo ukuthi ngabe isisindo noma ukusetshenziswa kwezikhali zenuzi kuvunyelwe ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo emthethweni wamazwe omhlaba, iNkantolo ayikwazanga ukuthola noma yimuphi umthetho wezovumelwano owavumela noma wenqabela ukusongelwa noma ukusetshenziswa. Ekugcineni, konke okwakungakwenza kwakuphakamisa ukuthi umthetho wesintu odingekayo ukuba uqhubeke ukuxoxisana ngokuvinjelwa. Ngaphandle komthetho wezomthetho owenziwe ngumzimba wezomthetho womhlaba, iNkantolo igxile emibambiswaneni ekhona kanye nomthetho wesintu (okuyinto ngencazelo ihlale isemva kwezikhathi) ngaleyo ndlela ihlinzeka ngokuphumelelayo kuphela kwezinye izimo futhi konke kungenalutho kwabanye.
Ngokuphindaphinda, uMkhandlu wezokuPhepha wezokuPhepha ube ngumkhawulo ekusebenzeni kweNkantolo. Uma kwenzeka kuba Nicaragua ngokumelene ne-United States - i-US ibisine amatheku aseNicaragua ngesenzo esicacile sempi - iNkantolo ithole i-US lapho i-US ihoxe khona ekuphathweni okuyimpoqo (1986). Lapho lolu daba seludluliselwe eMkhandlwini Wezokuphepha i-US yasebenzisa i-veto yayo ukugwema isijeziso. Ngo-1979 i-Iran yenqaba ukuhlanganyela ecaleni elalethwa yi-US, futhi ayizange ilalele isinqumo. Empeleni, amalungu amahlanu anomphela angalawula imiphumela yeNkantolo uma kungathinta bona noma ababambisene nabo. INkantolo idinga ukuzimela kwiVeto yoMkhandlu wezokuPhepha. Lapho isinqumo sidinga ukuphoqelelwa nguMkhandlu Wezokuphepha ngokumelene nelungu, lelo lungu kumele lizincenge ngokwenkambiso yasendulo yoMthetho WaseRoma: “Akekho umuntu ozoba yijaji ecaleni lakhe.”
Inkantolo nayo isolwa ngokuzikhethela, abahluleli abavotela ezithakazelweni zobulungiswa kodwa ngenxa yezinhlangano ezizibekiwe. Ngenkathi ezinye zalezi kungenzeka ukuthi ziyiqiniso, lokhu ukugxeka kuza kaningi kusuka emazweni alahlekelwe icala lawo. Noma kunjalo, lapho iNkantolo iqhubeka nokulandela imithetho yokunqophisa, isisindo esiningi siyokwenza.
Amacala ahlanganisa ukuhlukunyezwa avame ukuletha ngaphambi kweNkantolo kodwa ngaphambi kweMkhandlu wezokuPhepha, nazo zonke izilinganiso zawo. INkantolo idinga amandla okuzinqumela eyedwa uma inamandla okuzimela ngaphandle kokuthanda kweMelika futhi idinga igunya lokushushisa ukuletha amazwe ebhasini.
(Qhubeka kuya esandulele | okulandelayo ingxenye.)
Sifuna ukuzwa kusuka kuwe! (Sicela wabelane ngamazwana ngezansi)
Lokhu kwaholela kanjani wena ukucabanga ngokuhlukile ngezindlela zokulwa nempi?
Yini ongayengeza, noma ushintshe, noma umbuzo ngalokhu?
Yini ongayenza ukusiza abantu abaningi ukuba baqonde ngalezi zindlela zokulwa empini?
Ungathatha kanjani isinyathelo ukuze wenze lokhu okunye empini kube ngokoqobo?
Sicela wabelane ngale ndaba kabanzi!
Okuthunyelwe okuhlobene
Bona ezinye izikhala ezihlobene "Ukuphatha Izingxabano Zamazwe Namazwe"
Bona ithebula eligcwele lokuqukethwe I-Global Security System: I-Alternative to War
