Ukusakazwa Nokuxhaswa NgezeMfundo Nokuthula Nokucwaninga Ngoxolo

(Lesi yisigaba 59 se- World Beyond War iphepha elimhlophe I-Global Security System: I-Alternative to War. Qhubeka esandulele | okulandelayo ingxenye.)

Sekuyiminyaka esiyizifundise ngempi, sigxile ezingqondweni zethu ezinhle kakhulu ukuthi singayithola kanjani. Njengoba nje izazi-mlando ezinomqondo omncane ziphikelela ukuthi kwakungekho into enjengomlando omnyama noma umlando wabesifazane, ngakho-ke baphikisana ukuthi kwakungekho into enjengomlando wokuthula. Ubuntu behlulekile ukugxila ekuthuleni kuze kube yilapho amasimu amasha okucwaninga ukuthula kanye nemfundo yokuthula eyakhiwe ngemuva kwengozi eyayiyiMpi Yezwe II futhi isheshayo kuma-1980 ngemuva kokuba izwe lisondele ekubhujisweni kwezinto zenuzi. Kule minyaka, kuye kwaba nokwanda okukhulu kolwazi mayelana nezimo zokuthula. Izikhungo ezifana ne I-Peace Research Institute (i-PRIO), i-independent, inhlangano yomhlaba wonke esekelwe e-Oslo, eNorway, yenza ucwaningo ngezimo zokuthula phakathi kwamazwe, amaqembu nabantu.^i-note8 I-PRIO ibonisa izitayela ezintsha ezimpikiswaneni zomhlaba wonke nezimpendulo ezibhekene nezingxabano ezihlomile ukuze ziqonde ukuthi abantu bayathinteka kanjani futhi babhekane nazo futhi bafunde izisekelo ezijwayelekile zokuthula, befuna izimpendulo zemibuzo enjengokuthi kungani izimpi zenzeka, kuthatha ukuthatha ukuthula okuhlala njalo. Bashicilele Journal of Research Research iminyaka engu-50.

Ngokufanayo, I-SIPRI, i-Swedish International Research Research Institute, usebenza ngokucwaninga olunzulu kanye nencwadi ekuphikisana nokuthula emhlabeni jikelele. Iwebhusayithi yabo ithi:^i-note9

I-SIPRI ishicilela izintandokazi eziningana zedatha futhi ikhiqize amakhulu ezincwadi, ama-athikili, ama-fact sheet, nama-policy briefs kusukela ku-1969.

The I-United States Institute of Peace yasungulwa yiCongress ku-1984 njengesikhungo sokuphepha sezwe esizimele, esixhasiwe yizinhlangano ezizinikezele ekuvimbeleni nokuvimbela ukungqubuzana okubulalayo kwamanye amazwe.^i-note10 Ixhasa izenzakalo, inikeza imfundo nokuqeqeshwa kanye nezincwadi kuhlanganise a Ithuluzi Lencwadi Yokuthula. Ngeshwa, i-US Institute of Peace ayizange ikwazi ukuphikisa izimpi zase-US. Kodwa zonke lezi zikhungo ziyizinyathelo ezinkulu ekuqondiseni ukuqonda ezinye izindlela zokuthula.

Ngaphezu kwalezi zinhlangano ngokucwaninga ngokuthula ezinye ezinye izikhungo ezifana ne I-International Peace Research Association^i-note11 noma amanyuvesi asekela ucwaningo futhi ashicilele amaphephandaba afana ne I-Kroc Institute e-Notre Dame, nokunye. Ngokwesibonelo,

Lezi zinhlangano ziyisampula encane zezikhungo kanye nabantu abasebenza ngokucwaninga ngokuthula. Sifunde okuningi mayelana nokudala nokugcina ukuthula eminyakeni engamashumi amahlanu edlule. Sisesiteji emlandweni wesintu lapho singasho khona ngokuqiniseka ukuthi sazi izindlela ezingcono futhi eziphumelelayo empini nasebudloveni. Iningi lomsebenzi wabo linikeze ukuthuthukiswa nokukhula kwemfundo yokuthula.

Imfundo Yokuthula manje ihlanganisa zonke izigaba zemfundo ehlelekile kusuka enkulisa ngokusebenzisa izifundo zesayensi. Amakhulu emakolishi ekolishi ahlinzeka ngama-majors, abancane kanye nezinhlelo zesitifiketi emfundweni yokuthula. Ezingeni leyunivithi the Ukuthula noJustice Studies Association uqoqa abacwaningi, othisha kanye nezishoshovu zokuthula ezinkomfeni futhi bashicilele iphephandaba, I-Peace Chronicle, futhi inikeza isisekelo semithombo. I-Curricula kanye nezifundo zande futhi zifundiswa njengemfundo eqondene neminyaka kuwo wonke amazinga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, insimu entsha yezincwadi ithuthukiswe kuhlanganise namakhulu ezincwadi, izihloko, amavidiyo namafilimu ngokuthula okukhona manje emphakathini jikelele.

(Qhubeka kuya esandulele | okulandelayo ingxenye.)

Sifuna ukuzwa kusuka kuwe! (Sicela wabelane ngamazwana ngezansi)

Lokhu kwaholela kanjani wena ukucabanga ngokuhlukile ngezindlela zokulwa nempi?

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Yini ongayenza ukusiza abantu abaningi ukuba baqonde ngalezi zindlela zokulwa empini?

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Bona ezinye izikhala ezihlobene “Ukwakha Isiko Lokuthula”

Bona ithebula eligcwele lokuqukethwe I-Global Security System: I-Alternative to War

amanothi:
I-8. http://www.prio.org/ (buyela kusihloko esikhulu)
I-9. http://www.sipri.org/ (buyela kusihloko esikhulu)
I-10. http://www.usip.org/ (buyela kusihloko esikhulu)
I-11. Ngaphandle kwe-International Peace Research Association, kunezinhlangano ezinhlanu eziphathelene nokucwaninga ngokuthula esifundeni: i-Africa Peace Research Association, i-Asia-Pacific Peace Research Association, iLatin America Peace Research Association, i-European Peace Research Association, neNorth American Peace and Justice Studies Association . (buyela kusihloko esikhulu)