Ngomhla ziyi-12 kuMbasa, 2015, abahleli babafundi BeSitatimende Sokungazethembi e-Harold Koh babhala le ncwadi elandelayo bephendula ukwesatshiswa kobuhlakani:
Kulabo Esifunda nabo kanye Namalungu Omphakathi we-NYU:
"Asizibulali izinkomo zethu ngendlela i-US ebulala ngayo abantu e-Wazirstan ngama-drones." – Rafiq ur Rehman
Ekwindla ka-2013, uRafiq ur Rehman wahamba nendodana yakhe eneminyaka engu-13 ubudala, uZubair, nendodakazi eneminyaka engu-9 ubudala, uNabila, kusukela esigodini sakubo esincane eNyakatho Waziristan kuya eCapitol Hill. Inhloso yabo ngokwenza lolu hambo olude nolubuhlungu yayilula: ukuheha izinhliziyo zabashayi bomthetho base-US ngokwabelana ngezindaba zokubulawa kwabantu okwenzeka emphakathini wabo nasemndenini wabo ngeziteleka zezindiza zaseMelika. Ngo-2012, isiteleka sezindiza zaseMelika sabulala umama kaRafiq osekhulile futhi kwalimaza kanzima izingane zakhe ezimbili ezincane.
Kwafika amalungu amahlanu kuphela eCongress.
Ukuhlupheka kwezinkulungwane zabantu abafana noRafiq, Zubair, noNabila, kwashukumisela abambalwa bethu ukuba babhale incwadi ethi Isitatimende Sokungamethembi u-Harold H. Koh. Isitatimende silula. Ithi ngenxa yeqhaza likaMnu. Koh njengomakhi obalulekile wezomthetho wohlelo lokubulala oluhlosiwe lokuphatha luka-Obama, uhlelo oluphula uMthetho Wamalungelo Abantu Womhlaba Wonke, i-Law School bekungafanele imqashe ukuthi afundise leyo nhlangano yomthetho. Isicelo sibhala kabanzi isisekelo esiyiqiniso sesikhundla sethu—futhi sinanela ukukhathazeka kwabanye abafundi, izifundiswa, nezishoshovu zamalungelo abantu.
Amandla okubulala okuhlosiwe kusetshenziswa ama-drones kanye nesisekelo esiyiqiniso esakhele phezu kwaso isicelo sethu saqinisekisa lokhu kubonakaliswa kokunganeliseki. Izikhungo zemfundo, phela kufanele zibe yizindawo zezinkulumo mpikiswano eziqotho nezigxekayo. Kwesinye isikhathi, siyazi ukuthi uMthetho we-NYU uyindawo enjalo—okungukuthi, indawo lapho abantu abanozwelo nabacabangelayo bebhekana khona, kunokuchitha amaqiniso angakhululekile.
Yize samukela ukungaboni ngaso linye nalesi sicelo, asikaze sicabange ukuthi ezinye izikhulu nabaphathi bazosebenza kanzima ngenhloso noma cha, ukuze baqede ukuveza kwethu ukungahambisani nokwesabisa kwabafundi abaningi. USolwazi Ryan Goodman, ukwenza isibonelo, uthumele i-imeyili wonke umuntu osayine lesi sicelo, okuhlanganisa nabafundi bakhe kanye nabeluleki, futhi wabanxusa ukuthi bahoxise ukweseka kwabo Isitatimende. Ukuhoxa, uthe, "kuzosimelela kahle njengomphakathi" [Incwadi kaGoodman]. Ngenxa yokungalingani kwamandla phakathi kwabafundi nabafundisi, sithola isicelo sakhe singafanelekile.
UStephen Bright, ngakolunye uhlangothi, uprofesa we-Yale Law kanye nommeli owaziwayo ophikisana nesigwebo sentambo, uthumele i-imeyili ehlekisayo kowake wasebenza emsebenzini, umgqugquzeli wohlu lwezikhalazo kanye nommeli ofuna ukulwa nesigwebo sentambo, kulandela izingcingo eziphindaphindiwe. Wambuza ukuthi wayengenazo yini izinto ezingcono ayezozenza ngesikhathi sakhe, futhi kamuva wathi isicelo savela ngenxa yokungazi nokuntula ulwazi. Ngokuphathelene nozakwethu bezinkampani abasayine lesi sicelo, uMnu. Bright wabuza, “Ingabe umuntu oya enkampanini ayokwenza amakhulu ezinkulungwane zamaRandi ngonyaka omelela izinhlangano [unaso] isikhundla sokuveza ukungamethembi uHarold Koh?” [Incwadi Ekhanyayo] Ekugcineni, omunye umfundi watshelwa ukuthi wayengemukelekile kwa-Human Rights First ukuze aqeqeshelwe umsebenzi njengoba inhlangano yayimhlonipha kakhulu u-Harold Koh futhi uyazi ngokusayina komfundi esicelweni.[1]
Esikhundleni sokuqulwa kwecala lohlelo lokubulala okuhloswe ngalo ukuphathwa kuka-Obama, kanye nokuhlanekezelwa koMthetho Wamalungelo Abantu olumele, esikubone kwenzeka emasontweni ambalwa edlule ukuqulwa kwecala labafundi, ikakhulukazi abesifazane nabafundi bebala, abaxoshiwe. ngokuthi “abangenangqondo” futhi bahlanjalazwa ngokuthi “abagcobayo.” Akuzange kube khona ukuvuma ukukhathazeka ngempilo yomuntu okudala isicelo, nanoma yikuphi ukuvuma ukuthi abalandeli abangaphezu kuka-260 beSitatimende sabafundi bahlanganisa abameli, abafundi, izifundiswa kanye nabalwela ukuthula abavela kuwo wonke umhlaba.
Ogqama kakhulu kuleli cala uDean Trevor Morrison, owamemezela ngaphambi kwesikhathi isinqumo sakhe ngaphambi kokuhlangana nababhali beSitatimende sakamuva se-CoLR: “[Izinsolo zokusabisa] azinasisekelo.” Okuxakayo ukuthi uDini uqobo lwakhe, ekilasini lakhe lonyaka wokuqala wezomthethosisekelo, wayechaze lesi sicelo “njengesihlambalaza,” “asinembile neze” futhi, waphinde wanxusa abafundi ukuthi bagodle ukwesekwa. Abafundi bakhe ababili bawahoxisile amasignesha abo esicelweni sezikhalazo naphezu kokuzwakalisa ngasese ukuvumelana nokufaneleka kwaso.
Ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho, uDini waqala umhlangano nabahleli bezikhalazo, ngokusobala ngenjongo yokwenza lokho okuzayo. umcimbi "ukukhiqiza." Kulokhu, wabiza izincwadi zethu zomphakathi ngokuthi “vitriol engabonakali esikoleni somthetho” futhi wasibeka icala “ngokuhlukumeza amanxeba ukuthi ngeke sipholise.” Amazwi akhe, awasho kubafundi abathathu bebala, ababili kubo abangabokudabuka eNingizimu ye-Asia, embula iqiniso elibuhlungu: amanxeba alethwa phezu kobugovu babanamandla ayabonakala futhi avikelwe, kuyilapho amanxeba kaRafiq, Zubair, Nabila kanye nezinkulungwane zabanamandla. abanye abangadalulwanga bayahluleka ukubhalisa—hhayi enkulumweni yethu yasenyuvesi noma esibalweni sikahulumeni sabantu abalimalayo. Lokhu, ngaphezu kwanoma yini enye, kukhombisa ukuthi lolu hlu lwezikhalazo luhlose ukumelana nani nokuthi kungani lubaluleke kangaka.
Kukho konke okushiwo ngamanye amalungu obuhlakani nabaphathi, siphatheke kabi ngokuthula okukhona ezimpendulweni zabo. Akekho noyedwa ezinkulungwaneni zabantu ababulawa ama-drones ase-US oshiwo-hhayi kanye. Akukaze kube nokungabaza ngokuba semthethweni kwe-"Drone War's" noma ukusebenzelana okuphusile nokukhathazeka kwethu lokho uMnu. Koh akwenzele kona ngezizathu ezingokomthetho kanye nekhava yalolu hlelo. Akuzange kube khona ukucabanga ngobudlelwano phakathi kodlame oluxhaswe nguhulumeni phesheya kanye nodlame oluxhaswe nguhulumeni lapha ekhaya, ezindaweni ezifana neFerguson, North Charleston, naseNew York. Futhi kube nokukhathazeka okuncane ngokuthi amalungelo abantu abe yinkundla eyenza kube semthethweni i-US global hegemony ngokufihla ukugxambukela kwayo okungabazekayo ezinhlakeni zezenhlalo nezombusazwe zezinye izizwe.
Impela ukuthula akugcini lapho. Akuwona amaqiniso noma imithombo esiyicaphuna kakhulu futhi esisekela kuyo ukugxeka kwethu, akuzange kuhlolwe ngobuqotho. Kunalokho, baxoshwa kakhulu. Okwamanje, siye saba umsolwa zokuhlasela ezisezingeni elingekho "okusekelwe ebufakazini" kanye nokusungula umkhankaso othi “smear”. Siyazibuza: uma sithole amaqiniso ngokungalungile mayelana nendima kaMnu. Koh ebhalwe kahle ekubumbeni nasekuvikeleni uhlelo lokubulala okuhloswe ngalo lukahulumeni wase-US, kungani engakaveli amaqiniso eqiniso? Kungani sicelwa ukuba sithathe ngokungaphuphutheki izwi labangane bakhe, abakhuluma ngezenzo zesikhathi esidlule ezingenamthelela endimeni yakhe kulokhu kuphulwa okuthile?
Sifune ukuqonda izimpendulo ezikhathazayo esizitholile kothisha nabaphathi abathile. Kuyasifikela ukuthi labo abakuhulumeni abavikela ukuhlasela kwe-drone ePakistan, Yemen, Somalia, namanje ePhilippines, noma abathethelela izimpi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuse-Iraq noma e-Libya, balindele ukuphumela obala ngokukhululeka ngomnyango ozungezayo osuka kuhulumeni abuyele esikoleni, kuyilapho befuna ukuthula mayelana nalawa macala.
Sifisa ukunqamula lokhu kuthula ukuze sifune ukuziphendulela futhi sizwakalise ukucasuka kwethu ngokuncishiswa kwempilo yomuntu okubonisa uhlelo lwase-US lokubulala ngokungemthetho.
Abasayinwe Ngaphansi,
Aman Singh
Lisa Sangoi
Amanda Bass
Calisha Myers
Dami Obaro
Saif Ansari
Jon Laks
[1] Ngalezi zizathu, amagama abafundi abasayinileyo be-NYU Law enziwe angatholakali okwesikhashana ukuze abukwe ngumphakathi.
