Nge ntatheli yezokuthula uSalem Bin Sahel wase-Yemen (@pjyemen ku-Instagram) noTerese Teoh wase-Singapore (@aletterforpeace), World BEYOND War, Juni 19, i-2020
Lezi zinhlamvu zibhalwe ngesi-Arabhu lapha.
Impi yase-Yemen: Incwadi evela ku-Houthi eya kwilungu likahulumeni kaHadi
Salemi othandekayo,
Angazi ukuthi isikhathi esingakanani besisempini, futhi asikapheli ukubonwa. Sinesifo esibucayi sobubi emhlabeni. Sibuhlungu kakhulu ngalokhu kuhlupheka okungavinjelwa. Kepha lapho amabhomu aphonswa bese uhulumeni eshaya indiva okushiwo abanokuthula, izinyathelo zithathiwe ekuzivikeleni; kusetshenziswa ukuhlaselwa kokuvimbela ukuvikela ukuthi ungahlaselwa. Ake ngihlanganyele nawe uhlangothi luka-Ansar Allah lwendaba.
Siwumnyakazo oyisisekelo sokukhuthaza intando yeningi. Sesikhathele ngenxa yokubandlululwa komphakathi wamazwe omhlaba, ngenxa yezintshisekelo zezomnotho ze-oyile yaseSaudi. Uhulumeni wezinguquko manje uqukethe iningi lamalungu eqembu elibusayo likaSaleh, ngaphandle kokufaka okuvela e-Yemenis, futhi njengoba bekulindelekile, yehlulekile ukunikeza ngezidingo eziyisisekelo ze-Yemenis. Lokhu kwehluke kanjani embusweni wakudala?
Asinqunyelwe ukungenelela kwangaphandle; kusikhuthaza kuphela ukuthi silolonge amasu ethu empi. I-Yemen ingumhlaba wethu, futhi amazwe angaphandle awanalutho ngaphandle kokuthanda ubugovu kuwo. Ama-UAE asebenzisa i-STC njengomshado wesikhashana wokusebenziseka kalula. Ngemuva kwakho konke, bobabili bakhombisile ukusekelwa nathi futhi wasikhipha isithunzi ngokuphula umfelandawonye wethu noSaleh. Uma amaHouthis eyeka ukulwa, i-UAC esekelwa i-UAE qala ukukhetha ukulwa nawe noma kunjalo. I-UAE inentshisekelo emasimini kawoyela kanye namachweba aseningizimu, kuya vimbela kuyo inselelo emachwebeni ayo e-Gulf.
Ngokubambisana nabo, uHadi uhlongoza izixazululo ezingenangqondo njengokuhlukaniswa kwe-Yemen kube yimibuso eyisithupha yenhlangano, ebekelwe ukuvimba ukunyakaza kwethu. Futhi impikiswano ayikaze ibe mayelana nokwakheka kweYemen ebalazweni - imayelana nokusetshenziswa kabi kwamandla nokuqinisekisa izinsizakalo eziyisisekelo zeY Yemenis. Kuwukuhlakanipha futhi ukuphawula lokho akekho namazwe weGulf asekela ubunye yase Yemeni. Ukuzihlukanisa kuphela kwenza amaY Yemen akhothamele izintshisakalo zangaphandle konke okunye.
Okuxakayo ukuthi, kungenzeka ukuthi basizakala ngisho nasekuhluphekeni kwethu. Usuku olulodwa siyafunda, "Isikhulu saseSaudiya uMohammed bin Salman uthenga i-yacht [£ 452m] yacht." bese kuthi futhi, “$I-300m French chateau ithengiwe yisikhulu saseSaudi. ” Kanjalo ne-UAE ibanga ukuxhaphazwa kwamalungelo abantu. I-Amnesty International kanye neLungelo Lamalungelo Abantu kwembulile ubukhona kunethiwekhi yamatilongo ayimfihlo asebenza yi-UAE nemikhosi yawo yommeleli.
AmaHouthis alazi kahle isu labangaphandle. Yingakho singalokothi sibathembe abokufika, futhi ukuguqukela kubo njengomthombo wokuxhaswa okusheshayo kumane kwenezela ubunzima. Sidinga ukungenela izintshisekelo zabantu bonke zokuxazulula le nkinga - siphinde siwele ngaphansi kwengcindezelo yabo futhi. Inkohliso isukile endaweni eyodwa iya kwenye.
U-Ansar Allah ukhethe indlela ebukhali. Esikhundleni sokuncika kubalingisi bangaphandle abanakho intshisekelo yomuntu siqu ezindabeni zase Yemeni, sikhethe ukwakha isizinda esiqinile phakathi kwezakhamizi zaseY Yemeni. Sifuna i-Yemen eklanywe ngabakwa-Yemenis; ligijinywe yi-Yemenis. Ukwabelana ngezikhalazo zabo yingakho sikwazile ukwakha coalitions namanye amaqembu - womabili amaShia namaSunni - angajabule ngokuqhubeka kweY Yemen ukungasebenzi kanye nenkohliso.
Kubukeka sengathi muva nje babonile ukuthi le ndlela iyakhuba, njengoba bekulindelekile, ngakho-ke baqala ukucela ukuyeka umlilo. Kepha ngemuva kwakho konke ubugebengu bempi abwenzile, nokudukisa izwe ukuthi limelane nathi, ngabe ucabanga ukuthi singabakholelwa kalula ubuqotho babo? Eqinisweni yithina esasimemezela ngokungathandabuzi ukuthi sizomisa iziteleka eSaudi Arabia yonke le ndlela emuva ngo-2015 lapho impi isesigabeni sayo sokuqala. Umfelandawonye oholwa yiSaudi yaphendula ngokuqhuma kwamabhomu, yabulala abangaphezu kuka-3,000.
Sizophikelela kuze kube sekupheleni, njengoba kwenza amaVietnam empini yaseVietnam. Asikwazi ukulahlekelwa yileli thuba lokuqalisa uhlelo olunobuntu lweYemen; ngeke sisawela ogibeni lwabo futhi. Sebevimbe ukungezwani okungadingekile yonke indawo, kusuka kwezepolitiki yamaqembu kuya kwezimbangi zamandla kaphethiloli. Bangaphinde balwe nathi masisha (ngemuva kokuthola amandla), nebutho lamazwe omhlaba lingase libasekele futhi.
Kunezindlela abadlali bamazwe aphesheya abangasisiza ngazo. Bangakwazi ukutshala imali emnothweni wethu, basize ekuhlinzekeni ngezinsizakalo zezokwelapha nezemfundo, baphinde bafake isandla kwingqalasizinda yezwe eyisisekelo. Kepha iningi liphazamise yonke le misebenzi kanye nengqalasizinda eyigugu. Futhi bazama ukwenza amasu okuthula ngekusasa lethu lapho ama-Yemenis enokuningi afuna ukukusho. Kufanele basishiye sodwa, ngoba siyazi ukuthi yini okungahambanga kahle e-Yemen, siyakwazi okumele sikwenze nokuthi singahola kanjani izwe.
Ngaphandle kwakho konke ukuthukuthela okuqonde kumaSaudis namaMelika, sizimisele ukuthatha igxathu ebudlelwaneni obunobungani uma benikeza u-Ansar Allah ithuba lokuhola i-Yemenis, ngoba sifuna ukwenza okuhle ezweni lethu.
Sizokwenza kanjalo Sungula uhulumeni oguqukayo onakekela wonke amaqembu ezepolitiki. Sivele sasebenza kumadokhumenti enqubomgomo, esihloko sithi, "Umbono Kazwelonke Wokwakha I-Yemeni State Yamanje", Nabaholi be-Ansar Allah bakhuthaze amanye amaqembu ezepolitiki kanye nomphakathi ukuthi ahlinzeke ngezethulo kanye nokuphawula. Kuyo futhi sibonisa ukuthi singayithola kanjani inqubo yentando yeningi, yezinhlangano ezihlukene kanye nezwe elinobumbano elinephalamende likazwelonke futhi likhethwe nohulumeni basekhaya. Sizoqhubeka nokweseka ukuxoxisana namanye amaqembu aphesheya futhi sibhekele isimo sasekhaya samaqembu asendaweni yase Yemeni. Futhi uhulumeni uzoba nama-technocrat, ukuze angabi ngaphansi kwezilinganiso zetenshini nethonya. Sinohlelo oluhlelwe kahle selulungile ukusuka emhlanganweni wokuqala.
Sifuna impi iphele. Impi akukaze kube ukukhetha kwethu, siyakuzonda ukwephulwa kwamalungelo abantu okubangelwa yimpi. Sizohlala silwela ukuthula. Kepha abalingisi bamazwe omhlaba kufanele bakuqede ukuphatha kwabo kabi empini. Umfelandawonye wama-Arabhu kumele uphakamise ukuvinjelwa kwawo komoya nolwandle. Kumele bakhokhele imbuyiselo ngokucekelwa phansi okwenziwe. Siyethemba futhi ukuthi isikhumulo sezindiza iSanaa sivuliwe futhi, nezinto eziningi okumele zenziwe zitholakale kubantu base-Yemeni.
Sibona uthingo ekugcineni kwalolu hlu olunezinkinga oluya e-Yemen. Siphupha izwe elihlangene, elizimele nelinentando yeningi, elinezinhlelo eziqinile zokwahlulela, ezemfundo kanye nokunakekelwa kwezempilo, futhi linobudlelwano obufudumele nomakhelwane balo baseMiddle East kanye nomhlaba wonke. I-Yemen izokhululeka kwi-mercenarism, ukucindezelwa kanye nobushokobezi, eyakhelwe phezu komgomo wokuhloniphana nokwamukelana komunye nomunye futhi lapho abantu busebusweni babo phezu komhlaba wabo.
Ozithobayo,
Abdul
Sawubona Abdul,
Encwadini yakho, ngizwa ukufutheka nobuhlungu bakho ngeY Yemen. Kungenzeka ungangikholwa, kepha uthando lwezwe lethu yinto engiyazi kahle. Ngiyabonga ngokunginikeza izixazululo ezisebenzayo zokusisondeza ekusombululweni, futhi ngivumele ngibe nani ngehlangabezo likahulumeni eliholwa uHadi.
Yebo, namanye amazwe asizile ukwandisa le mpi. Kepha nabo banendaba nekusasa lezwe lethu, futhi babona kungumsebenzi wabo ukuthi bangenelele. Khumbula ukuthi i-US muva nje umemezele izigidi ezingama- $ 225 kusizo oluphuthumayo ukusekela izinhlelo zokudla ze-UN eY Yemen, naphezu kobunzima babo. Besingawemukela amaHouthis kuhulumeni, kepha sesaba ukuthi ukunyakaza kwakho kuzoya enhlanganweni yamaphekula, njengeShia ne-Iranian-backed Hezbollah, eLebanon. Futhi amaHouthis ' ukuhlaselwa okubulalayo esikoleni iSalafi Islamist ibangela ukungezwani kweSunni-Shia, futhi icele iSaudi Arabia ukuthi ingene ekunciphiseni inzondo yamahlelo.
Abaningi bethu bakholelwa amaHouthis izama ukubuyisa imamate eY Yemen, njengezimfundiso zakho lwela umthetho we-sharia kanye neCaliphate ebuyiselwe, inhlangano eyodwa ebusa umhlaba wonke wamaSulumane. Isikhumbuzo se-Islamic Revolution e-Iran. Manje i-Iran yakhela kancane amandla ayo inselelo yeSaudi Arabia eGulf. Futhi futhi yingakho amaSaudis alwa kanzima kangaka ukuvimba lokho eY Yemen: akekho ofuna i-oda lokuphefumula eMiddle East, elinye igama lempi.
Ngiyazi ukuthi awuneme neze ngeNational Dialogue Conference (NDC) emuva ngo-2013 nokungamelwa uhulumeni wokuguqula isimo. Kodwa-ke besinenhloso efanayo naleyo eniyenzayo ekwakheni uhulumeni omusha eniwucabangile. Ema-NDCs, sifake imibono evela ezinhlanganweni zomphakathi zasendaweni. Kwakuyisinyathelo sangempela phambili kwentando yeningi! I-Yemen idingeka - futhi isadinga - usizo lwakho. Ngakho ngamangala lapho ngoMashi 2015, UHouthis wahlasela uNobhala Wezimali wase-NDC e-Sana'a, ukuqeda yonke imisebenzi ye-NDC.
Ngiyaqonda ukuthi kungani unomuzwa wokuthi izingxoxo azihambeki ndawo, kepha baphendukela ekuthuseni nasebudloveni ukuze amaqembu akho abe kuhulumeni enza abantu baphenduke. I-Yemenis eningizimu nasempumalanga yayeka ukuxhasa amaHouthis futhi kulahlile ukuthatha kwakho njengeqoqo. Ngakho-ke uma ungena emandleni, uma ukwenze ngobudlova kusho ukuthi akekho ozokuhlonipha.
Imibukiso eminingi Yanqamula Yemen bonisa ukuthi ubuqiniso ngisho nasezindaweni olawula kuzo buyabekelwa inselelo. Sihambile babhekane nemibhikisho emikhulu nezinqubomgomo zethu. Akekho kithi ongahola iY Yemen kuphela. Uma nje sobabili singabumbana ngamagugu wethu owabiwe, futhi silethe umhlanganyeli ngamunye etafuleni ndawonye, i-Yemen ingahamba kakhulu. Ukwelapha amanxeba ajulile ezweni lonke eliye nalo banegalelo kulo, kumele siqale ngokwethu.
Sake sacabanga ukuthi amandla amakhulu anokulapha usizi lwethu. Ngaphambi kuka-2008, ukuba khona kwe-US kwasiza ukugcina ubudlelwano obuthile obuhle phakathi kwe-Iran ne-Saudi Arabia. Ngenxa yamandla obumbano esifundeni, ukunqandwa kwamasosha bekugcwele yonke indawo. I-Iran ne-Saudi Arabia bekungadingeki bakhathazeke ngokuthi bazonqunyelwa omunye ngomunye. Kepha-ke futhi, uma ucabanga ngakho, kungahle futhi kube ukuzibandakanya kwe-hyper kanye ne-antiproduction. Inkinga yezimpikiswano ihlala ingaxazululwa… ukuhlukaniswa kwehlelo kubuhlungu phakathi kwamaShi'ite namaSunni amaSulumane. Ukubuyela emlandweni, siphinda sibona izimpi ngenxa yezingxabano ezifanayo: impi ka-1980- ne-Iran-Iraq; the 1988-1984 Tanker War. Uma lokhu kungasebenzi kungapheli, singalindela ukubona izimpi zommeleli eziningi ngaphesheya kweY Yemen, iLebanon neSyria… futhi angikwazi ngisho nokucabanga ngemiphumela emibi evela kungxabano eqondile phakathi kwalaba bobabili.
Futhi yilokho okufanele sikugweme. Ngakho-ke ngikholelwa ekuqiniseni ubudlelwano nabo bobabili i-Iran ne-Saudi Arabia esikhathini eside, futhi ngikholwa ukuthi i-Yemen ingahle ibe yitshe elikhuphukayo ekuqiniseni ubudlelwano obuqinile phakathi kwala mazwe womabili. ISaudi Arabia ibikhona ngokungathandabuzi ubiza ukuthi kuphele umlilo kulo nyaka. Ngisakhumbula ngoDisemba 2018 lapho i-Iran kumemezela ukusekelwa kwezinkulumo eSweden, kugcizelela izinkolelo ezabiwe: Izidingo zezakhamizi zase-Yemeni kuqala. Kuyathokozisa ukubona futhi I-Iran yethula uhlelo lwabo lokuthula lwamaphuzu amane lweY Yemen ngokuhambisana nemigomo yamalungelo abantu aphesheya. Umqondo ohlanganisa ubuntu. Ngabe abakwaHouthis bazobeka phansi izikhali zabo futhi bahlanganyele nathi kule kholi yokuthula?
Kungenzeka ukuthi sisondele kancane kumaSaudis ngemuva kwempi, ngoba uMkhandlu Wokubambisana Kwe-Gulf usithembisile ukusekelwa komnotho. I-Iran, mhlawumbe emzabalazweni wayo wezinkinga zezomnotho, une akunikezwanga usizo oluningi ukubhekana nenkinga yezenhlalo yabantu base-Yemen futhi akazange anikeze usizo lokusiza ekwakheni kabusha i-Yemen ngemuva kokuphela kokulwa. Kepha ekugcineni, funa ubungani nawo womabili la mazwe.
Njengawe, angifuni ukuhlukanisa izwe ngiye enyakatho naseningizimu ngoba nginikezwe lokho AmaSulumane aseY Yemeni enyakatho ikakhulu amaZaydis kanti eningizimu yeYemenen angamaShafi'i Sunnis, Nginovalo lokuthi luzothuthukisa ukwahlukana kweSunni-Shia esevele ikhona esifundeni, ukubhebhetheka kwezinkinga nokuqhekeka kweY Yemen esikhundleni salokho. Ngilangazelela i-Yemen ebumbene, nokho izikhalazo zaseNingizimu nazo zinesizathu ngokuphelele. Mhlawumbe singakwazi ukuthuthukisa into efana nalena ISomalia, Moldova, noma iCyprus, lapho amazwe aphakathi abuthaka khona ahlangana nezindawo zombuso ezihlanganisiwe zokubusa? Singahle sihlangane ngokuthula emuva kwesikhathi, lapho iNingizimu isilungile. Ngizokwabelana ngalokhu nge-STC… Ngabe ucabangani?
Ekupheleni kosuku, i-Yemen ihlatshwa kanye izimpi ezintathu ezahlukene ezenzekayo: enye phakathi kweHouthis nohulumeni omkhulu, enye phakathi kukahulumeni omkhulu ne-STC, enye ene-al-Qaeda. Abahlaseli baphenduka izinhlangothi nanoma ngubani onikela ngemali ethe xaxa. Izakhamuzi azinakho ukwethembeka noma ukuhlonipha thina kakhulu; bona uhlangothi nje noma yiliphi iqembu lezempi elingazivikela. Abanye Amabutho e-AQAP ahlanganisiwe nezimpi zasendaweni ezihlala ziyingxenye ye Amanethiwekhi ommeleli waseSaudi nase-Emirati. Ukulwa kuqinisa umbono we-zero-sum wokuthi kuze kube yilapho ususa ngokuphelele umphikisi wakho, ungowokulahleka. Impi ayilethi ezinye izixazululo; impi imane iletha enye impi. Umcabango wempi yase-Yemen ngenye impi yase-Afghanistan uyangethusa.
Futhi izimpi aziqedi lapho unqoba. Umlando wethu wempi kufanele wenele ukusifundisa… Sabashaya iseningizimu Yemen ngo-1994, sayibekela phansi futhi manje sebeyalwa. Ube nezimpi eziyisithupha ezihlukene nohulumeni kaSareh kusuka ngonyaka we-2004 kuya ku -2010. Futhi-ke kunengqondo efanayo esiteji somhlaba. Njengoba iChina neRussia lithuthukisa amandla abo ezempi futhi njengoba ithonya labo likhula, kungenzeka ukuthi ekugcineni baphazamise kwezepolitiki. Abalingisi abengeziwe besifunda nabamazwe omhlaba bayangena ukuvikela izintshisekelo zabo ngokusebenzisa ama-proxies endawo, futhi sizobona izimpi eziningi uma ubutha besifunda bungapheli kungekudala.
Kufanele sibhekane namaphutha esiwenzile, futhi silwele ukuphindisela ebunganini abaphukile. Ukumisa ngempela impi eY Yemen, nokumisa zonke izimpi kuzodinga ububele nokuthobeka, nakimi lokho kuyiqiniso. Njengoba ushilo ekuqaleni kwencwadi yakho, sibhekene nalokho iZizwe Ezihlangene azibize ngokuthi usizi olubi kakhulu lwezenhlalo yabantu. Izigidi eziyi-16 zilamba nsuku zonke. Izishoshovu nezintatheli zigcinwe ngaphandle kwesizathu. Abalwa nentsha babuthelwa empini. Izingane nabesifazane badlwenguliwe. 100,000 abantu ushonile kusukela ngo-2015. Yemen has sesilahlekelwe ngamashumi amabili eminyaka weNtuthuko yaBantu. Uma ngabe kuvela ku-2030, i-Yemen ibingalahlekelwa amashumi amane entuthuko.
Isimo senzondo siguqula wonke amandla ethu phansi. Namuhla singabangani, kusasa siyizitha. Njengoba ubonile ku okwesikhashana i-Houthi-Saleh umfelandawonye kanye ne-Southern ukunyakaza-Hadi amabutho umfelandawonye ... abahlali uma zihlanganiswa nenzondo for Umphikisi ovamile. Futhi ngakho-ke ngikhetha ukulahla zonke izincazelo zempi. Namuhla ngikubiza ngomngani wami.
Umngani wakho
USalemi
