July 4, 2020
UNobhala Wezokuvikela uMark T. Esper
UMnyango Wezokuvikela
Unobhala weNavy Richard V. Spencer
UMnyango Wezempi
Nora Macariola-Bona
Naval Equipment Engineering Command Pacific
I-258 Makalapa Drive, Suite 100
EPearl Harbour, eHawaii 96860-3134
Re: Ukuqeqeshwa KwaseMariana Islands nokuhlolwa kokugcina kokungezelelwa kwe-EIS / OEIS Public Comment
Oonobhala Abathandekayo u-Esper noSpencer kanye noNks Macariola-Bona:
Siyiqembu elibanzi labafundi, abahlaziyi bezempi, abameli kanye nabanye ochwepheshe bezempi abavela kulo mkhakha wezepolitiki ababhala ngokweseka okukhulu ukuhlaziya nokukhathazeka okuvezwe yi-Our Common Wealth 670 (a nonpartisan Commonwealth of the North Mariana Islands ( I-CNMI) inhlangano esekwe emphakathini) ekuphenduleni kwe-US Navy's Mariana Islands Training and Testing Final Supplemental EIS / OEIS.
Sihlanganyela ukukhathazeka kwethu nge-Common Wealth 670 ukukhathazeka kwethu ngokuthi i-Navy ayifezi izidingo zenqubo yeNational Environmental Protection Act (NEPA). Sijoyina i-Common Wealth 670 yethu ekuphakamiseni:
1) "ukuvikelwa komhlaba wethu, ulwandle kanye nesibhakabhaka ekungcoleni okungavikeleka kakhulu" nganoma yimiphi eminye imisebenzi yaseMelika, futhi
2) ukumiswa kwakho konke ukuqeqeshwa okuhlongozwayo, ukuhlolwa, ukuzivocavoca, neminye imisebenzi (ie, "akukho senzo" okunye) kuze kube yilapho uNqobile engakhombisa ngokwesayensi ukuthi "akukaze kube khona futhi ngeke kube khona okuphambili okuqondile, okungaqondile, noma okwandayo ukuthinta imvelo [yasendaweni yaseMariana Islands] ngasogwini lomlilo owenziwe ngamabhomu. ” Siphawula ukuthi i-US Navy kanye namabutho ahlomile e-US abanzi kakhulu anendawo ende, aqopha umlando wokungcolisa amanzi, inhlabathi nomoya ezweni lonke leziQhingi zaseMariana kanye nokulimaza impilo yabantu balesi sifunda.1
Amalungu e-Overseas Base Realignment and Cllock Coalition (OBRACC) afunde futhi abhala kabanzi mayelana nezisekelo zamasosha ase-US aphesheya kwezilwandle nomthelela wazo emiphakathini yasendaweni nasezindaweni eziseduzane. Amalungu ambalwa e-OBRACC abe ngochwepheshe amashumi eminyaka. Sekukonke, sishicilele inqwaba yezindatshana nemibiko, okungenani izincwadi eziyisishiyagalombili, nezinye izincwadi ezinkulu ngokwesisekelo socwaningo lwethu.
UkuBuyiselwa Kwamazwe Okubambisana Nokubambisana Nokuvalwa
I-OBRACC isekela ukucubungula kwe-Our Common Wealth 670 ekubhaleni ukusilela okuningi okuyinkathazo, okubonakalayo kokuhlaziywa kweNavy ngomthelela ongase ube khona wokukhula komkhosi wempi eMarianas. Sikhathazekile ikakhulukazi ukuthi:
I-1) I-EIS / OEIS yokuGcina eyongezi ayibhekeli ngokwanele impilo yezomuntu kanye nemithelela engeyona eyemvelo yabantu yokuqeqeshwa Navy kanye nokuhlola endaweni yaseMariana Islands Training and Testing Study Area (MITT). Ngokukhethekile, sikhathazekile ngemithelela yezempilo yezinqola zamaNavy nokunye ukungcola kweNavy kubantu baseziqhingini zaseMariana, abaningi babo abathembele ezilwaneni zasolwandle ezivunwa kulamanzi njengomthombo wokudla oyinhloko.
2) Umcebo wethu ojwayelekile we-670 ubhala ngokwehluleka kwe-Navy ukwenza ucwaningo olufanele, olunzulu lwesayensi lwenkinga yokungcola okubangelwa yimisebenzi yeNavy eMITT. AmaNavy nawo ngokusobala abengazinaki izifundo ezikhona zesayensi ezibuza ukungabikhona kwesiphetho seNavy sokuthi imisebenzi yayo yamasosha ezayo ngeke ibe nomthelela.
I-3) I-Navy yenza izimangalo ngomthelela wemisebenzi yamaNavy ekutholakaleni kokudla, ikakhulukazi ukudla kwasolwandle, okungasuselwa ekufundweni kwesayensi ngalolu daba. Izikebhe ezingadingeki zamanani, ezingasampuli ezisuselwa kwisampula ezithathwa njengesisekelo sesiphetho seNavy sokuthi akukho mphumela wezempilo yomuntu awudluli njengokutholwa kwesayensi. I-Navy kubonakala sengathi azithathi kalula izifundo zesayensi ezikhona nguGary Denton nozakwabo abathola ukungcola okunamandla kusuka ekulahlekelweni yizimbumbulu kanye nokunye ukungcoliswa kwamasosha2. Njengoba i-Common Wealth 670 yethu ikhomba, iNavy futhi ayisebenzisi kalula ulwazi olukhona nge-ethnographic mayelana nemithombo yokudla esetshenziswa ngabantu baseMarianas edlulisela kude kakhulu amafayili wezinhlanzi ze-pelagic.
I-4) Umcebo wethu ojwayelekile we-670 ubhala ukwehluleka kwe-Navy ukuhlola umthelela ongahluziwe wokungcola okuqubuka kwi-World War II. Ucwaningo lwesayensi lukhombisile ukungathi sína kokuqhubeka kokulimala kwesisekelo kusukela ngeMpi Yezwe II. I-Navy igomela ukuthi azikho izinkinga ezinkulu zempilo ngaphandle kokuletha imininingwane emazingeni wokungcola ayisisekelo noma ukwanda okulindelekile ngokuqeqeshwa kweNavy kanye nokuhlolwa kwemisebenzi esikhathini esizayo.
Ngokuvala, siphinda sinxusa amaNavy kanye nePentagon ukuthi babambe iqhaza ngokucophelela emazwini we-Common Wealth 670, njengoba kufunwa yinqubo ye-NEPA, futhi bakhansele yonke imisebenzi ehleliwe kuze kube yilapho uNqobelo engakhombisa ukuthi imisebenzi yayo ngeke ibangele ukuqondisa, ukungaqondile. , noma ukulimala okulimazayo kwemvelo esiqhingini saseMarianas.
Amalungu ethu ayatholakala ukuphendula imibuzo ongase ube nayo. Sicela uthinte uDkt David Vine kuviniga@american.edu noma 202-885-2923.
Ozithobayo,
UkuBuyiselwa Kwamazwe Okubambisana Nokubambisana Nokuvalwa
Ubumbano lwamalungu abhalwe ngezansi ingezinhloso zokukhonjwa kuphela.
I-Medea Benjamin, i-CoDirector, i-CODEPINK
Leah Bolger, CDR, US Navy (Ret.), UMongameli World BEYOND War
UCynthia Enloe, uProfesa Wezokucwaninga, I-Clark University
UJohn Feffer ungumqondisi weNqubomgomo Yezangaphandle Ekugxileni
UJoseph Gerson, iPhini Likamongameli, I-International Peace Bureau
UKate Kizer, Umqondisi Wezinqubomgomo, Unqobile Ngaphandle Kwempi
UBarry Klein, Inqubomgomo Yezangaphandle
UJohn Lindsay-Poland, umbhali wamakhosi e-Jungle: Umlando Ofihliweyo wase-US ku
IPanama (iDuke University Press)
UCatherine Lutz, uSolwazi we-Anthropology kanye ne-International Study, eBrown University
UMiriam Pemberton, Ohlangana Naye, Isikhungo Sezifundo Zenqubomgomo
Delbert Spurlock, Umeluleki Jikelele Wezempi wase-US 1981-1983; I-ASA M & A 1983-1989.
UDavid Swanson, Umqondisi Omkhulu, World BEYOND War
UDavid Vine, uSolwazi we-Anthropology, i-American University
U-Allan Vogel, Inhlangano Yezangaphandle Yenqubomgomo Yezangaphandle
U-Lawrence B. Wilkerson, uCol, Umbutho Wezempi wase-US (Ret.) / Owake waba yi-Chief of Staff kuNobhala Wezwe uColin
UPowell / UProfesa Ovakashela uHulumeni kanye Nenqubomgomo Yomphakathi, iKolishi likaWilliam noMary
1. Bheka, isib. UCatherine Catherine, "Izisekelo Zezempi Zase-US eGuam Ngokombono Womhlaba Wonke," I-Asia-Pacific Journal, 30-3-10, Julayi 26, 2010, https://apjjf.org/-Catherine-Lutz/ 3389 / i-athikili.html; UDavid Vine, Isizwe Esisisekelo: Izisekelo Zempi YaseMelika Ezikwelinye Izwe Zilimaza Kanjani iMelika kanye Nezwe (Metropolitan Books, 2015), isahl. 7; futhi inothi 2.
2. UGary RW Denton, et al., "Umthelela we-WWII Dumpsites ku-Saipan (CNMI): Isimo Samandla Sensimbi Nenhlabathi," Isayensi Yezemvelo Nocwaningo Lokungcoliswa Kwezomhlaba 23 (2016): 11339-11348; UGary RW Denton, et al., Heavy Metal Assessment of Sediments and Selected Biota from American Memorial Park Nearshore Waters, Saipan, (CNMI), WERI Project Completion Report-Cooperative Ecosystems Unit, 2018; UGary RW Denton, et al., "Umthelela Wokulahlwa Kwasogwini Olwandle Olunqenqemeni lwaseTrace Metal Concentrations ku-Marine Biota: Ucwaningo Lwamacala avela eSaipan, eCommonwealth of the North Mariana Islands (CNMI)," Marine Pollution Bulletin 25 (2009) ) 424-455.
