nguColonel (Ret) Ann Wright, World BEYOND War, Disemba 13, 2022
Ngosuku Lokuqala Lokugubha I-Massive Jet Fuel Leak evela e-Red Hill, amalitha ayizigidi ezingu-103 kaphethiloli we-Jet Asala Emathangini Angaphansi Komhlaba Izinyawo Ezingu-100 Kuphela Ngaphezu Kwe-Aquifer Yase-Honolulu, Imindeni Egulayo Yezempi kanye Neyomphakathi Efakwe Ubuthi I-Jet Fuel Ye-Navy Isenobunzima Bokuthola Usizo Lwezempilo.
Umuntu akakwazi ukuqeda isihloko esiphathelene nenhlekelele kaphethiloli ye-Red Hill yaseHawaii ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke esinye isigameko esiyingozi. Ngenkathi ngiqedela indatshana ephathelene nokugubha iminyaka yokuqala yokuvuza kukaphethiloli omkhulu wejethi kaNovemba 2021 wamalitha angaphezu kuka-19,000 kaphethiloli wejethi emthonjeni wamanzi okuphuza owasiza imindeni engama-93,000 yamasosha nemiphakathi, ngoNovemba 29, 2022, okungenani amalitha ayi-1,300 40 Isicindezeli somlilo esinobuthi esibi kakhulu esibizwa ngokuthi i-Aqueous Film Forming Foam (AFFF) siputshuke “kuvalvu yokukhipha umoya” efakwe usonkontileka uKinetix emhubheni ongenela e-Red Hill Underground Jet Fuel Storage Tanks futhi yageleza ngamamitha angu-XNUMX ukusuka umhubhe emhlabathini.
Kubikwa ukuthi abasebenzi beKinetix bebelungisa uhlelo ngesikhathi kuvuza. Ngenkathi uhlelo lune-alamu, izikhulu zeNavy azikwazanga ukunquma ukuthi i-alamu ikhala njengoba okuqukethwe kwethangi elingenhla le-AFFF kuthululwa.
Okokuqala Ayikho Ividiyo, Bese Ividiyo, Kodwa Umphakathi Awukwazi Ukuyibuka
Kwenye futhi i-fiasco yobudlelwane bomphakathi, ngenkathi ekuqaleni esho ukuthi awekho amakhamera evidiyo asebenzayo endaweni, Umbutho wamasosha asemanzini manje uthe kunezithombe eziqoshiwe kodwa ngeke ziwukhiphele umphakathi izithombe ezikhombisa ukukhathazeka ngokuthi ukubuka komphakathi lesi sigameko kungase "kubeke uphenyo engcupheni."
UNomkhosi izovumela abameleli boMnyango Wezempilo wesifunda saseHawaii (DOH) kanye ne-Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) ukuze babuke ividiyo, kodwa endaweni yezempi kuphela. Izikhulu ze-DOH kanye ne-EPA ngeke zivunyelwe ukwenza amakhophi evidiyo. Abazange badalule ukuthi bazocelwa yini uMbutho Wamasosha Wamanzi ukuthi basayine isivumelwano sokungadaluli ukuze babone ividiyo.
Kodwa-ke, i-DOH ihlehla eMbuthweni Wezempi. NgoDisemba 7, 2022, uKatie Arita-Chang, okhulumela uMnyango Wezempilo uthe. ku-imeyili eya esitolo semidiya,
“I-DOH izobonisana noMmeli Omkhulu WaseHawaii, njengoba kuleli cala, sikholelwa ukuthi ukuthola ikhophi yevidiyo kuyadingeka ukuze senze umsebenzi wethu wokulawula. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi iJoint Task Force yenze ividiyo itholakale emphakathini ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ngenhloso yokwethembeka nokungafihli lutho.”
Umphakathi usalindile ngemuva konyaka owodwa ukuthi iNavy ikhiphe ngokusemthethweni i-video yokuputshuka kuka-2021 iNavy ekuqaleni eyayithi ayikho futhi ibone kuphela ngenxa yokuthi i-whistleblower yakhipha ividiyo, hhayi iNavy.
3,000 Cubic Feet Womhlaba Ongcolisiwe
Abasebenzi benkontileka ye-Navy banayo kukhishwe inhlabathi engcolile engu-3,000 cubic feet kusuka endaweni yeRed Hill futhi bafake inhlabathi emigqomeni engaphezu kuka-100+ 50 engamalitha, afana nezigubhu ezazisetshenziselwa ukuqukatha enye ikhemikhali enobuthi e-Orange.
I-AFFF igwebu elicisha umlilo elisetshenziselwa ukucisha umlilo kaphethiloli futhi liqukethe i-PFAS, noma izithako ze-per-and polyfluoroalkyl ezidume kabi ngokuthi “zingamakhemikhali angunaphakade” angeke abhidlike endaweni ezungezile futhi ayingozi kubantu nasezilwaneni. Yinto efanayo eyayisepayipini okwaphuma kuyo amalitha angama-19,000 kaphethiloli wejethi ekuvuzeni kukaNovemba 2021.
IPhini Lomqondisi womnyango Wezempilo Wezemvelo eSifundazweni SaseHawaii kubizwa ngokuthi ukuvuza "okubi."
Ku- ingqungquthela yabezindaba yemizwa u-Ernie Lau, Imenenja kanye nonjiniyela omkhulu we-Honolulu Board of Water Supply, uthe uzizwe "ezwa i-akhwifer ikhala" futhi wafuna ukuthi iNavy ithulule amathangi kaphethiloli ngokushesha kunoJulayi 2024 njengoba okuwukuphela kwesizathu sokuthi igwebu eliyingozi lalikhona ngoba uphethiloli wawusekhona. amathangi.
Umqondisi Omkhulu we-Sierra Club Kusho uWayne Tanaka, “Kuyacasula ukuthi bona (Amasosha Asolwandle) abe budedengu kangaka ezimpilweni zethu nangekusasa lethu. Bayazi ukuthi imvula, amanzi angena futhi adlule endaweni ye-Red Hill angene emhlabathini futhi ekugcineni angene emanzini angaphansi komhlaba. Futhi noma kunjalo bakhetha ukusebenzisa igwebu lokucisha umlilo elinalawa “makhemikhali angunaphakade.”
Inani lemiphakathi yase-US eqinisekisiwe ukuthi ingcoliswe yizinhlanganisela ezinobuthi ezinobuthi ezibizwa ngokuthi i-PFAS iyaqhubeka nokukhula ngesivinini esishaqisayo. Kusukela ngoJuni 2022, Izindawo ezingama-2,858 ezifundeni ezingama-50 nasezifundeni ezimbili zaziwa ukuthi zingcolile.
Ubuthi bezempi base-US emiphakathini esemngceleni wokufakwa kwezempi budlulela ezisekelweni zase-US emhlabeni jikelele. Ngo omuhle kakhulu Disemba 1, 2022 isihloko esithi “Ibutho LaseMelika Lifaka Ubuthi e-Okinawa,” Umphenyi we-PFAS uPat Elder unikeza imininingwane yokuhlolwa kwegazi okuqinisekisa amazinga aphezulu e-carcinogen PFAS egazini lamakhulu ahlala eduze nezisekelo zase-US esiqhingini sase-Okinawa. NgoJulayi 2022, amasampula egazi athathwa kubahlali base-Okinawa abangama-387 ngodokotela neqembu elithi Liaison to Protect the Lives of Citizens Against PFAS Contamination bakhombisa amazinga ayingozi okuchayeka kwe-PFAS.
NgoJulayi 2022, iNational Academies of the Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM), inhlangano eneminyaka engu-159 ehlinzeka ngezeluleko zesayensi kuhulumeni wase-United States, eshicilelwe “Isiqondiso Ekuvezweni kwe-PFAS, Ukuhlolwa, kanye Nokulandela Umtholampilo. "
I-National Academies yeluleka odokotela ukuthi banikeze ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-PFAS ezigulini okungenzeka zibe nomlando wokuchayeka okuphezulu, njengabacimi bomlilo noma iziguli ezihlala noma ezihlala emiphakathini lapho ukungcola kwe-PFAS kuye kwabhalwa khona.
Umphakathi Wezokwelapha eHawaii Ube Nesipiliyoni Esincane Ekwelapheni Ubuthi Bobuthi kuze kube ngu-2022, Alukho Usizo Oluvela Ebuthweni Lezempi Elibangele Ubuthi.
Njengoba sazi ngokuhlangenwe nakho konyaka odlule ngokungcoliswa kukaphethiloli we-jet, odokotela baseHawaii babenolwazi oluncane lokwelapha izimpawu zikaphethiloli we-jet futhi bathola usizo oluncane emkhakheni wezokwelapha wezempi. Ngaphandle uma ubudlelwano bomphakathi nezempi bushintsha bube ngcono, umphakathi wezokwelapha wase-Honolulu akufanele ulindele noma yiluphi usizo olukhulu ngokuphathelene nokungcoliswa kwe-PFAS. E- Novemba 9, 2022 umhlangano woMkhandlu Wokweluleka Ngethangi Lokubasela, Ilungu lekomiti uDkt. Melanie Lau laphawula ukuthi umphakathi wezokwelapha ovamile wanikezwa isiqondiso esincane kakhulu ekuqapheleni izimpawu zobuthi be-jet fuel. “Ngike ngafika ezinye iziguli zangitshela izimpawu zazo kodwa azange zibone ukuthi amanzi angcolile ngaleso sikhathi. Asizange sichofoze kwaze kwaba yilapho sesazi ngokungcoliswa.”
Ukunakwa okwengeziwe ezweni nakwamanye amazwe kugxile ezingozini ze-PFAS kufaka phakathi amadokhumenti namamuvi. “Amanzi Amnyama,” ifilimu ekhishwe ngo-2020 ixoxa indaba yangempela yommeli owathatha i-DuPont enkulu yamakhemikhali ngemuva kokuthola ukuthi inkampani yayingcolisa amanzi okuphuza ngekhemikhali eyingozi ye-PFOA.
Izakhamizi Zifuna Ukuchitheka Kwakamuva Okunobuthi
I-Sierra Club Hawaii kanye ne-Oahu Water Protectors baphendule ekuvuzeni kwakamuva okunobuthi nge izimfuno ezilandelayo:
1. Ukususwa/ukulungiswa ngokugcwele kwayo yonke inhlabathi engcolile, amanzi, nengqalasizinda endaweni ezungezile yaseRed Hill
2. Ukusungula indawo yokuhlola amanzi esiqhingini, ezimele, engeyona eye-DOD nomhlabathi;
3. Ukwandisa isibalo semithombo yokuqapha ezungeze indawo futhi kudinga amasampula masonto onke;
4. Ukwakha izinhlelo zokuhlunga amanzi ukuze zisevise abantu okungenzeka bengenawo amanzi aphephile uma ukuchitheka kwamanje noma okuzayo kungcolisa ukuphakelwa kwamanzi;
5. Idinga ukudalulwa okugcwele kwazo zonke izinhlelo ze-AFFF ezikhungweni zempi e-Hawaii kanye nomlando ogcwele wakho konke ukukhishwa kwe-AFFF; futhi
6. Shintshanisa uMbutho Wamasosha Asolwandle kanye nosonkontileka bawo endimeni yabo yokwehlisa amafutha kanye nokuyekisa ukusebenza kwe-Red Hill ngethimba leminyango eminingi eliholwa umphakathi elinongoti nabamele umphakathi.
Umgubho Wokuqala Wokuvuza Kwamagaloni angu-19,000 e-Jet Fuel ku-Honolulu Aquifer
Ekuqaleni kukaNovemba 2022, iNavy yathutha amalitha kaphethiloli ayisigidi esi-1 ayengamamayela angu-3.5 wamapayipi athwala uphethiloli esuka esikhungweni esingaphansi komhlaba eRed Hill ehlela ngaphezu kwamathangi okugcina umhlabathi kanye nendawo yokufaka amafutha umkhumbi.
Amalitha ayizigidi eziyi-103 kaphethiloli wejethi asasele ku-14 kwangu-20, amathangi amakhulu angaphansi komhlaba aneminyaka engu-80 ubudala atholakala endaweni yentaba-mlilo ebizwa ngokuthi iRed Hill kanye namafidi angu-100 kuphela ngaphezu kwe-aquifer yamanzi okuphuza yase-Honolulu. Igquma laqoshwa ukuze kwakhiwe amathangi ngaphakathi phakathi neMpi Yezwe II. I-Navy Task Force ilinganisela ukuthi kuzothatha ezinye izinyanga eziyi-19, kuze kube nguJulayi 2024, ukuthulula amathangi ngenxa yokulungiswa okukhulu okudingeka kwenziwe kulesi sikhungo, umugqa wesikhathi ogxekwa kakhulu yizikhulu zoMbuso nezifunda kanye nomphakathi. .
Kuze kube sekuchithekeni kukaNovemba 2021, Amasosha Asolwandle ayelokhu emile ukuthi indawo yaseRed Hill isesimweni esihle kakhulu futhi ayinayo ingozi yokuchitheka kukaphethiloli, yize bekunokuvuza okungamamalitha ayi-19,000 ngoMeyi 2021 kanye nokuvuza. 27,000 amalitha avuzayo ngo-2014.
Imindeni Egulayo Yezempi Nezakhamuzi Efakwe Ubuthi I-Jet Fuel Yamasosha Amanzi Isenobunzima Bokuthola Usizo Lwezempilo
In idatha ekhishwe yiCenters for Disease Control (CDC) ngoNovemba 9, 2022 ngesikhathi somhlangano wamasemi-nyaka we- IKomidi Lokweluleka Lamathangi e-Red Hill Fuel (FTAC), inhlolovo yokulandelela yangoSepthemba 2022 yabantu abangama-986 okwenziwa yi-CDC's Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (CDC/ATSDR) yabonisa ukuthi imithelela emibi yezempilo evela kuphethiloli iyaqhubeka kubantu ngabanye.
Le nhlolovo beyilandela inhlolovo yomthelela wezempilo yokuqala eyenziwe ngoJanuwari nangoFebhuwari 2022. NgoMeyi 2022, imiphumela yocwaningo lokuqala yashicilelwa esihlokweni esithi Umbiko Wamasonto onke Wokugula Nokufa kwe-CDC (MMWR) futhi kufinyezwe ku ishidi lamaqiniso.
Abantu abangu-788, u-80% walabo abaphendule ucwaningo lwangoSepthemba, babike izimpawu ezinsukwini ezingu-30 ezedlule ezifana nobuhlungu bekhanda, ukucasuka kwesikhumba, ukukhathala kanye nobunzima bokulala. Kulabo ababekhulelwe ngesikhathi senhlekelele, u-72% waba nezinkinga, ngokocwaningo.
U-61% walabo abaphendulayo bebebuya abahlanganyeli benhlolovo kanti u-90% ubesebenzisana noMnyango Wezokuvikela.
Inhlolovo ibike ukuthi:
· Amaphesenti angama-41 abike isimo esivele saba sibi kakhulu;
· Ama-31% abike ukuxilonga okusha;
· kanye nama-25% abike ukuxilonga okusha ngaphandle kwesimo esivele sikhona.
UDaniel Nguyen, isikhulu se-epidemic intelligence service ku-CDC's Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry uthe emhlanganweni cishe ingxenye yesithathu yabaphendulile ibike ukuthi inambitha noma inuka uphethiloli emanzini abo ompompi ezinsukwini ezingama-30 ezedlule.
Uthe “ucwaningo lwangaphambilini lukhombisa ukuthi ukuchayeka kuphethiloli we-jet kungaba nomthelela ohlelweni lokuphefumula, umgudu wamathumbu kanye nesimiso sezinzwa. Ukuchayeka kukaphalafini ngengozi okuvame ukubikwa kuhlanganisa ubunzima bokuphefumula, ubuhlungu besisu, ukuhlanza, ukukhathala kanye nokudlikizeka.”
Naphezu kobufakazi be-EPA obuphikisana nalokho, abaholi bezokwelapha bathi abukho ubufakazi kuze kube manje bezifo zesikhathi eside zokuphuza amanzi angcoliswe uphethiloli we-jet futhi bathi ukuhlolwa okulula akukwazi ukuhlonza isixhumanisi esiqondile.
Ngokuphikisana ngqo nokutholwe yi-CDC, phakathi nomhlangano ofanayo we-FTAC, uDkt. Jennifer Espiritu, inhloko yoMnyango Wezempilo Wesifunda Osanda kwakhiwa kanye nomphathi wezempilo yomphakathi e-Tripler Army Medical Center, wathi "akukho okuqinile. ubufakazi bokuthi uphethiloli wejet ubangele izinkinga zempilo,”
Ngokumangalisayo, ku-a ingqungquthela yabezindaba ngoNovemba 21, uDkt. Espiritu waqhubeka nokuphikisana kwakhe nobufakazi be-EPA bokuthi uphethiloli wendiza ufaka ushevu kubantu. U-Espiritu uthe, “Enye yezimpi zethu ezinkulu njengamanje ukulwa nokwaziswa okungamanga. Ngike ngabuzwa umbuzo othi kungani ngingakwazi ukuhlola noma ukuhlola othile ongitshela ukuthi kungani enezimpawu zakhe nokuthi kuhlobene yini nokuchayeka kukaphethiloli wendiza okwenzeka ngonyaka odlule. Awukho umlingo owenza lokho futhi angazi ukuthi kungani kunombono wokuthi ukhona.”
Ekuqaleni kwale nkinga, amaqembu ezokwelapha amasosha abona abantu abangu-6,000 begula. Manje izikhulu zamasosha zithi inani elingashiwongo futhi “elingakaze libonwe ngaphambili” leziguli zikhala ngezinkinga zesikhumba, amathumbu, ukuphefumula kanye nezinzwa.
Unyaka owodwa Ngemva kokuvuza kwe-Navy Toxic Jet Fuel Leak, i-DOD Ekugcineni Isungula Umtholampilo Okhethekile Wezokwelapha
NgoNovemba 21, 2022, unyaka owodwa ngemva kokuchitheka kukaphethiloli omkhulu wejethi, uMnyango Wezokuvikela wamemezela lokho. kuzosungulwa umtholampilo okhethekile ozobhala izimpawu zesikhathi eside futhi unqume ukuthi axhumene yini namanzi anobuthi. Izikhulu zesibhedlela samasosha amathathu zisagcizelele ukuthi ucwaningo lwezokwelapha olukhona lubonise imiphumela yesikhashana kuphela lapho ivezwa ukungcola.
Inani elikhulu lemindeni yezempi neyomphakathi inikeze abezindaba izindaba nezithombe ezibhala ngezifo zabo. I-Hawaii News Now (HNN) yenze izingxoxo eziningi nemindeni ezenziwe onyakeni odlule. Ngonyaka owodwa we-Red Hill jet fuel poisoning, i-HNN yakhiqiza uchungechunge lwezindaba ezithi “Red Hill - One Year Later” ezazinezindaba eziningi. imindeni ixoxa ngezimpawu nemizamo yokwelapha ubuthi bamafutha.
Ama-Alarm Bells Bekufanele Akhale-Abaningi Bazizwa Begula Ngaphambi Komhla ka-November 2021 19,000 XNUMX Jet Fuel Fuel Kuchitheka Ku-Aquifer Yamanzi Okuphuza.
Imindeni eminingi yamasosha kanye nezakhamuzi ezihlala ezizindeni zamasosha ngasePearl Harbor, e-Hawai'i baphumele obala ngokuthi babezizwa begula ngaphambi kokuvuza okukhulu kukaphethiloli wendiza ye-Red Hill yangoNovemba 2021…futhi babeqinisile!
Imininingwane esanda kukhishwa ikhombisa ukuthi amanzi abo angcoliswe uphethiloli wendiza ehlobo lika-2021 futhi babezwa imiphumela yobuthi kudala ngaphambi kukaNovemba 2021.
Izingxoxo nemindeni eyishumi ezishicilelwe esihlokweni esibanzi sangoDisemba 21, 2021 Washington Post “Imindeni yamasosha ithi ibigula izinyanga ngaphambi kokuthi ukuvuza kukaphethiloli we-jet kubhekwe amanzi ompompi asePearl Harbor.,” qopha ukuthi amalungu omndeni abelane ngamanothi odokotela, ama-imeyili namarekhodi abonakalayo aqopha izimpawu, kwezinye izimo, ezasukela ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo, ngo-2021.
Ezinye izihloko eziningi kwabezindaba zendawo kanye nezwe onyakeni odlule baphinde babhala amalungu emindeni eminingi yezempi nezakhamuzi efuna ukwelashwa ngezimpawu ezihlukahlukene zokuchayeka kuphethiloli we-jet, ngaphandle kokwazi ukuthi imvelaphi yezimpawu yayiyini.
Izinsimbi ze-alamu obekufanele ngabe ziyakhala kuMnyango Wezempilo wase-Hawaii (DOH) kusuka kumazinga wokugobhoza kaphethiloli wejethi emanzini okuphuza zathuliswa isinqumo se-DOH esiyinhlekelele sango-2017 sokwenyuka ngokuphindwe kabili nesigamu izinga elivunyelwe imvelo (EAL) lokunukubezeka. emanzini okuphuza e-Honolulu.
Ukuhlaziywa kwesitoreji samathangi okugcina amafutha ejethi e-Hawaii's Red Hill eneminyaka engu-80 ubudala ukukhishwa kwethebula ledatha enqwabelene komhla ka-Agasti 31, 2022, iqinisekisa ukuphawula kwemindeni eminingi ethintekile yamasosha kanye nezakhamuzi ukuthi kade begula ngaphambi “kokukhafula” kukaNovemba 2021 amahora angu-35 wamalitha angu-19,000 kaphethiloli wejethi e-Red Hill ephuza kahle ingxenye ye-aquifer yase-Honolulu.
Umbuzo uthi ubani owayazi mayelana namazinga aphakeme engqikithi ye-petroleum hydrocarbons-diesel (TPH-d) ekhombisa uphethiloli endaweni engaphansi komhlaba eqala okungenani ngoJuni 2021, izinyanga eziyisithupha ngaphambi “kokukhafula” kukaphethiloli wejethi kaNovemba..futhi kungani t imindeni ebihlala ezindaweni zokuhlala ezithintekile zamasosha nezakhamuzi futhi ebiphuza amanzi angcolile yazisiwe?
Njengesikhumbuzo kithina sonke esingazi lutho mayelana nobuthi be-jet fuel, lapho izinga le-TPH-d (ingqikithi ye-petroleum hydrocarbons diesel) liyizingxenye eziyi-100 ngebhiliyoni ngayinye (ppb) ungakwazi ukuhogela futhi ukunambitha i-petroleum uma isemanzini. Yingakho i- Ibhodi Lokuhlinzekwa Kwamanzi labhikisha ngo-2017 lapho uMnyango Wezempilo waseHawaii ukhulisa izinga likaphethiloli “eliphephile” emanzini okuphuza lisuka ezingxenyeni eziyi-160 ngebhiliyoni ngalinye (ppb) liya ku-400parts ngebhiliyoni ngayinye (ppb).
UMnyango Wezempilo Wesifunda SaseHawaii udwebe umugqa ezingxenyeni eziyi-100 ngebhiliyoni ngayinye yokunambitha nokuhogela, neziyi-160 zokuphuza, kuze kube ngu-2017 lapho i-DOH kwenyusa izinga elamukelekayo lokunambitha nephunga laya ku-500 ppb kanye nezinga elamukelekayo lokuphuza laya ku-400 ppb.
Njengoba umphakathi waziswa ecaleni likaDisemba 21, 2021, uMnyango Wezempilo uveze ukuthi kusukela NgoJuni kuya kuSepthemba, kutholwe uphethiloli emgodini wamanzi waseRed Hill izikhathi eziningi, nokuhlolwa okubili koMbutho Wamasosha Amanzi ngo-August, 2021 okwedlula amazinga esenzo sezemvelo, kodwa imiphumela yeNavy ayizange idluliselwe kuhulumeni izinyanga.
Izakhamizi ZaseHawaii, Izikhulu Zezifundazwe Nezasekhaya Ziphusha Amasosha Amanzi Ukuze Ashise Amathangi Amafutha Ejethi Ngokushesha Kunesikhathi Esimisiwe
Ubudlelwano be-Navy nomphakathi buyaqhubeka nokwehla. Ukungabi bikho obala kanye nolwazi olungelona iqiniso kuthukuthelise izikhulu zombuso nezendawo futhi kwabangela ukuthi amaqembu omphakathi abambe imibuthano yomphakathi ukuze axwayise amasosha ukuthi aseqhweni elincane. Ukubambezeleka kuze kube nguJuni 2024, izinyanga eziyi-18, ekuqedeni ukususwa kukagesi kwamalitha ayizigidi eziyi-104 asele emathangini angaphansi kwamamitha ayi-100 kuphela ngaphezu kwe-aquifer akwamukelekile emphakathini. Izikhulu ze-Honolulu's Board of Water Supply zivame ukuphawula esidlangalaleni ukuthi zonke izinsuku uphethiloli wejethi osala emathangini uyingozi ekuphakeleni kwethu kwamanzi futhi unxusa uMbutho Wezempi Wasolwandle ukuthi usheshise uhlelo lwawo lwezikhathi lokudonsa amathangi amakhulu nokuvala ngokusemthethweni inxanxathela.
Izinhlangano zendawo bezimatasa zifundisa umphakathi ngezingozi eziqhubekayo ze-Red Hill underground jet fuel tank complex. Amalungu e- I-Sierra Club-Hawaii, I-Oahu Water Protectors, Ukulungiswa komhlaba, izinhlangano ezingama-60 ku-Shut Down Red Hill Coalition, Ukuthula Nobulungisa baseHawaii, Ka'ohewai, Vala I-Red Hill Mutual Aid Collective, I-Environmental Caucus futhi I-Wai Ola Alliance baye babamba ama-die-ins e-State Capitol, babamba iqhaza ekuphakamiseni izimpawu zamasonto onke, banikeze ubufakazi kumakomiti ombuso amanzi kanye nemikhandlu yangomakhelwane, baletha amanzi emiphakathini ethintekile yezempi neyomphakathi, ama-webinars ahleliwe kazwelonke nakwamanye amazwe, abambe "i-Anahula" yezinsuku ezingu-10 umlindelo emasangweni ekomkhulu le-Navy's Pacific Fleet, isikhumbuzo sokuvuza okukhulu kukaNovemba 2021 nge-LIE-versary, imasha amanzi ahlanzekile e-Oahu nase-Washington, DC, isingathe amapikiniki futhi yanikeza ukwesekwa komphakathi emindenini yezempi neyomphakathi edingayo. ukunakekelwa kwezempilo.
Ngenxa yobushoshovu babo, mhlawumbe akumangalisi ukuthi awekho amalungu alezo zinhlangano acelwa ukuba abe se-Red Hill Task Force esanda kusungulwa izakhamuzi ezingamalungu ayi-14 “I-Information Forum,” okuthakazelisayo ukuthi imihlangano yazo ivalwe kwabezindaba kanye nomphakathi.
I-NDAA izokwaba iBhiliyoni elingu-$1 ukuze I-Red Hill Defueling kanye Nokuvalwa kanye no-$800 Million ukuze Kuthuthukiswe Ingqalasizinda Yezempi.
Ngomhla ziyisi-8 kuZibandlela wezi-2022, iNdlu yabaMeli baseMelika yaphasisa uMthetho Wokugunyazwa Kwezokuvikela Kazwelonke (i-NDAA) oya eSigele sase-US ngesonto elizayo. Ukunikezwa kwe-NDAA kuRed Hill kufaka phakathi:
· Idinga ukuthi Umbutho Wamasosha Asolwandle ukhiphe umbiko otholakala esidlangalaleni njalo ngekota mayelana nesimo somzamo wokuvala i-Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility.
· Ukuqondisa i-DoD ukuze inqume isidingo, inombolo kanye nezindawo ezifanele zonogada abengeziwe noma imithombo yokuqapha ukuze kutholwe futhi kulandelelwe ukunyakaza kukaphethiloli ovuzele phansi, ngokubambisana ne-United States Geological Survey.
· Kudingeka ukuthi i-DoD yenze ucwaningo lwe-hydrology e-Red Hill futhi ihlole ukuthi zingasingathwa kanjani kangcono izidingo zamanzi e-O'ahu futhi kuncishiswe ukushoda kwamanzi, okuhlanganisa izindawo zokuhlanza amanzi noma ukubekwa kweshaft yamanzi okuphuza entsha.
· Ukuqondisa i-DoD ukuthi ilandelele imithelela yesikhathi eside yezempilo yokuvuza kukaphethiloli e-Red Hill kumalungu ombutho wezempi kanye nalabo abathembele kubo ngokubambisana neSikhungo Sokulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo kanye Nomnyango Wezempilo wase-Hawaii. Kodwa akushiwo lutho ngomonakalo odalwe emindenini engabantu abathintekile ngamanzi angcolile ejethi.
o Ukwabela I-Tripler Army Medical Center Ukuthuthukiswa Kwesistimu Yamanzi: $38 million
o Ukwaba I-Fort Shafter Water System Ukuthuthukiswa: $33 million
o Ukwaba Ukuthuthukiswa Komugqa Wamanzi WasePearl Harbor: $10 million
Echaza ukukhungatheka komphakathi ngendlela amasosha aseMelika aphatha ngayo izinhlekelele zeRed Hill, US Congressman waseHawaii Ed Case ukhumbuze amasosha lokho kufanele kuqinise imizamo yombutho wezempi yokuxhumana nomphakathi ukuzama ukwakha kabusha ukwethembana nabantu base-Hawaii kulandela ukuvuza kukaphethiloli kwe-Red Hill.
UCase wathi: “Amasosha kufanele enze konke angakwenza ukuze athole ukwethenjwa emiphakathini yethu; Lokhu kungenziwa kuphela ngokusebenza okudidiyelwe kanye nokubambisana phakathi kwazo zonke izinsiza ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.”
