Intatheli eyisipesheli
Njengoba amahlebezi mayelana nomkhankaso wokuxosha iqembu eliqinile le-Islamic State liphume eMosul, izakhamizi zakuleli dolobha zenza imikhankaso emincane, ikakhulukazi engokwengqondo ngokumelene ne-Islamic State.
By Niqash
Njengoba iqembu lontamolukhuni elaziwa ngokuthi i-Islamic State libukeka lintengantenga ngaphakathi e-Iraq, liyakhula isibalo sezenzo zokumelana naleli qembu elisenyakatho yedolobha iMosul, osekuyisizinda saleli qembu e-Iraq eminyakeni emibili edlule.
Ubufakazi balokhu buhlanganisa izikhathi lapho umuntu ebona khona uhlamvu “M” olubhalwe ezindongeni zezikole, ama-mosque nezinye izakhiwo edolobheni. Le ncwadi kwakungeyona into engavamile: Iwuhlamvu lokuqala lwegama lesi-Arabhu, elithi muqawama, elisho “ukumelana”. Kuwuphawu olubalulekile kulabo abahlala edolobheni abaphikisana neqembu labashisekeli nakho konke elikumelelayo. Izenzo zokumelana nomzimba kwangempela ziseyivelakancane, ikakhulukazi ngoba idolobha ligcwele amalungu e-Islamic State kanye nabalweli, abaningi babo abahlomile futhi abangeke bangabaze ukujezisa labo abaphikisana nabo.
Yiqiniso, abashisekeli abami bangenzi lutho lapho kuvela lo mbhalo. Bayihlanza ezindongeni futhi bazame ukuthola labo abanomthwalo wemfanelo.
Imithombo yezindaba yendawo nayo iphendule i-graffiti, ishicilela izindaba mayelana nayo, ikakhulukazi etholwe kubasebenzisi bezokuxhumana base-Iraqi, abathumela izithombe ze-graffiti futhi baziqhayisa ngokuthi abantu baseMosul bazama kanjani ukumelana ne-Islamic State, noma i-IS, iqembu.
I-NIQASH ikwazile ukuqoqa inqwaba yalezi zinhlobo zezindaba nezithombe, okuhlanganisa no-“M” odongeni lwengqophamlando ye-Great Mosque yase-Al Nouri, lapho u-Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, umholi weqembu le-Islamic State, wethula inkulumo yakhe edumile eMosul ngoJulayi 2014.
U-“M” akuyona ukuphela kwendlela abantu bendawo abazama ngayo ukumelana neqembu le-Islamic State. Esinye isibonelo sabona abantu bendawo endaweni yaseDubbat eMosul - indawo lapho izikhulu eziningi zamasosha zazihlala khona - bevuka bathola ukuthi kukhona umuntu obeke ifulegi lase-Iraq esigxotsheni sikagesi ebusuku. Ifulegi elivunyelwe e-Mosul kuphela elimnyama eliyingxenye yeqembu le-IS. Abashisekeli basusa ifulege ngokushesha balishisa; baphinde babopha idlanzana labantu bendawo okuhlanganisa nentsha nezikhulu zamasosha asebathatha umhlalaphansi bahamba nabo sekuvalwe amehlo ukuze bayophekwa ngemibuzo.
Wonke umuntu eMosul uyayazi intengo yokumelana - ukufa okuqinisekile, futhi okunonya kakhulu.
Ngomhla zingama-21 kuJulayi, iqembu le-IS likhiphe ividiyo entsha enemizuzu eyisikhombisa ekhombisa ontamolukhuni bephethe imimese kanye nezinsizwa ezimbili zase-Iraq phambi kwabo. Abashokobezi bakhulume ngesiFulentshi base besabisa futhi iFrance kanye namanye amazwe angaphansi komfelandawonye wamazwe ngamazwe alwa ne-Islamic State e-Iraq naseSyria. Nabo bahalalisela Mohamed Lahouaiej-Bouhlel, indoda eyabulala abantu abangaphezu kuka-80 eNice, eFrance, ngo-July 14. Khona-ke baqhubeka banquma izinsizwa ngemibese yazo. Wonke umbukwane onyantisayo wathwebula eMosul.
Unya aluzange lubamangaze abase-Iraqi. Kodwa okumangazile ngale video ukuthi iqukethe ukuvuma kweqembu le-IS ukuthi kukhona ukumelana nabo ngaphakathi eMosul. Lezi zinsizwa ezimbili ezabulawa zivumile ukuthi zadweba umbhalo othi “M” futhi zanikeza ulwazi kumfelandawonye wamazwe ngamazwe.
Iqembu le-IS sekunesikhathi lizama ukuhlukanisa abantu baseMosul emhlabeni wonke. NgoNovemba 2014, leli qembu lavala ukuxhumana ngomakhalekhukhwini (ngamazinga ahlukene empumelelo) kwathi ngoFebhuwari, baqala ukuvimba abantu bendawo ukuthi baphume edolobheni. Namuhla ayikho indlela yokuphuma edolobheni ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izindlela eziyingozi zokushushumbisa.
Cishe enyangeni edlule izilwi ze-IS zaqala ukuqoqa izamukeli zikamabonakude zesathelayithi. Amalungu eqembu ashayela ezungeza idolobha ephethe imibhobho, ecela imikhaya ukuba inikeze izitsha zayo zesathelayithi. Abazokwamukela bazoyiswa emaphethelweni edolobha babhujiswe, kusho amalungu e-IS.
Abantu bakule ndawo bathi bazodinga enye inyanga ukuze baqoqe zonke izimpahla ezitholakala edolobheni. Njengoba enye indoda yendawo yatshela i-NIQASH, “Ngababuza ukuthi ngingasigcina yini isamukeli sesathelayithi ngoba izingane zami zithanda opopayi kodwa zathi kimi, 'awunamahloni ngawe? Isathelayithi ayivunyelwe. Ugcineleni idemoni emzini wakho?'
Kusukela ngomhlaka-24 Julayi, iqembu le-IS likhiphe isimemezelo sokuthi i-Intanethi kufanele ivinjelwe eMosul. Nalapha kunzima ukusho ukuthi bazophumelela kangakanani ngalokhu kuvinjelwa.
Nakuba leli qembu lontamolukhuni lithi liyakwenqabela ukuxhumana nabantu bangaphandle, okuhlanganisa opopayi nemibukiso yezindaba, ngenxa yezizathu ezingokwenkolo, kubonakala kusobala ukuthi kuhlobene kakhulu nokuvimbela ukuxhumana nezinhlangano zangaphandle ezingase zihlasele idolobha nokuvimbela abantu bendawo kanye nezinhlangano zabo. izilwi zakho ngokuzwa nganoma iyiphi impumelelo yenkundla yempi ngokumelene neqembu le-Islamic State nanoma yikuphi ukumelana ngaphakathi. Isibonelo, amabutho asekela uhulumeni wase-Iraqi asanda kuqhubekela phambili endaweni eseduze Isifunda saseQayyarah, engaphansi nje kwamakhilomitha angama-70 ukusuka eMosul.
Ukwengeza, osopolitiki base-Iraq bavame ukuphawula esidlangalaleni mayelana nokumelana neqembu le-IS elivela ngaphakathi kweMosul. Ikakhulukazi, bakhuluma ngalokho okubizwa ngokuthi yi-Mosul Brigades, inethiwekhi yokumelana eyimfihlo ebeka izitatimende ezisongela iqembu le-IS ngokufa nokuthembisa ukuziphindiselela. Lowo owayengumbusi wesifundazwe nowake waba yisakhamuzi saleli dolobha, u-Atheel al-Nujaifi, ukhulume kabanzi ngokuthi ucabanga ukuthi abantu baseMosul bazolikhulula kanjani leli dolobha ngokushesha nje lapho bethola ithuba.
Kodwa-ke njengoba isakhamuzi esisodwa sedolobha, okumele singadalulwa igama ngenxa yezizathu zokuphepha, sitshele i-NIQASH ocingweni, ukuphikiswa eMosul kungokwengqondo okwamanje, okubandakanya izinto ezinjengombhalo “M” kanye nenkundla yezokuxhumana. Ukuhlasela kwangempela kweqembu le-IS kanye namalungu alo kusalokhu kulinganiselwe futhi akubangeli usongo olukhulu enhlanganweni yontamolukhuni esenedolobha elingaphansi kokulawulwa ngokuqinile.
