Ibhalwe nguBrian Trautman.
I-United States iyisizwe esigcwele impi futhi esinama-jingoistic emhlabeni. Inqubomgomo yayo yezangaphandle iholwa yimpi yama-imperialism, i-neoliberal capitalism kanye nokucwasa ngokobuhlanga. Eminyakeni engaphezu kweshumi nesithupha manje, abaphathi bomongameli abathathu benze lokho okubizwa nge- "War on Terror" (GWOT), isimo sempi esingapheli esiqhutshwa emhlabeni wonke, ngaphansi kwemicabango eyonakele yokuthi "umhlaba uyinkundla yempi," caphuna intatheli ephenyayo uJeremy Scahill. Njengoba kuboniswa ukuhlasela kwe-Iraq ne-Afghanistan, i-GWOT iqhutshwa ngezimpi ezivamile. Nokho, kaningi, kubulawa ngezimpi ezicashile noma “ezingcolile,” ngokumelene namaqembu kanye nabantu ngabanye kwezinye izizwe eziningi. I-US inamandla ezezimali kanye nempahla yokulwa lezi zimpi ezingekho emthethweni. Isabelomali sayo sezempi esikhukhumele sikhulu kunamazwe ayisikhombisa alandelayo ehlangene. Ingu-opharetha omkhulu kakhulu wokufakwa kwezempi phesheya, egcina izisekelo ezicishe zibe ngu-800 emazweni acishe abe ngu-70. Isakhiwo sezempi nezimboni esikhula njalo, uMongameli Eisenhower axwayisa ngaso enkulumweni yakhe yokumvalelisa, singena kuzo zonke izici zomphakathi wethu - kusukela emnothweni oncike kakhulu embonini yezempi, ukuya ekubuthweni kwezempi ezikoleni zethu zomphakathi, kuya ekubuthweni kwamaphoyisa. Lesi siko lempi elinobuthi ligcizelelwa ngamaholide ezwe ahlukene, ikakhulukazi uSuku lweSikhumbuzo.
Usuku lweSikhumbuzo - usuku olusuka ku-1868 (Usuku Lokuhlobisa), lapho amathuna eMpi Yombango ayehlotshiswe ngezimbali - seluguquke lwaba usuku oluhlanganisa ukukhunjulwa kwamasosha abulewe nokukhazinyuliswa kwempi. Izinkulumo ezingapheli zokuphephezelisa ifulegi, izinkulumo zobuzwe, imibukiso yasemgwaqweni kanye nokusetshenziswa ngokweqile kosuku lweSikhumbuzo awahloniphi lawa masosha. Okungase kube, nokho, ukusebenzela ukuvimbela impi yesikhathi esizayo nokuthuthukisa ukuthula - ukuhlonipha inkumbulo yabo ngokungathumeli amadoda nabesifazane abaningi endleleni eyingozi futhi babulale futhi bagoge ezimpini ezisekelwe emangeni. Nokho, ukuze ube nanoma yiliphi ithuba lokuphumelela, lo msebenzi kumelwe uhlanganise nemizamo ehloselwe ukukhulisa ukuqwashisa umphakathi ngezimbangela eziningi nezindleko zempi.
Isikhathi eside ummeli wabathengi, ummeli, nombhali U-Ralph Nader uyaqinisekisa endabeni ethi, “Usuku LweSikhumbuzo Sokuqinisa,” ukuhlonipha abalimele bethu bempi kufanele kube ngaphezu kokulahlekelwa kwabo. Ngokusho kukaNader, "ukwenza izinhlelo eziqinile zokuthula kuphinde kube yindlela yokukhumbula labo bantu, amasosha kanye nezakhamuzi, ezingazange zibuyele ezindlini zazo. “Ngeke ngiphinde” kufanele kube isiko lethu nesithembiso kubo.
Ibhekisela ekuhlaselweni kwangemva kwe-9/11, ku-“Khumbula Lokhu ngoSuku LweSikhumbuzo: Abazange Bawe, Baphushwa,” URay McGovern, owayeyisikhulu sezempi kanye nomhlaziyi omkhulu we-CIA, uphendula umbuzo ongaqondile: yini ehlanganisa inhlonipho amasosha ase-US abulawa kulezi zimpi kanye namalungu omndeni ngoSuku lweSikhumbuzo? UMcGovern aphendula kukho, “Okulula: Gwema amazwi okugabisa anjengokuthi “abawile” futhi udalule amanga ngokuthi kwakuwumqondo omuhle kangakanani ukuqala lezo zimpi bese “ufaka” amashumi ezinkulungwane zamasosha emisebenzini yalezo ziwula.”
UBill Quigley, uprofesa wezomthetho eLoyola University eNew Orleans, ibhala kwesithi “Usuku LweSikhumbuzo: Ukuthandazela Ukuthula Ngenkathi Silwa Impi Yaphakade?” ukuthi "USuku lweSikhumbuzo, ngokomthetho wobumbano, usuku lokuthandazela ukuthula okungapheli.” Lokhu kuwukuphikisana, nakuba - okusekelwe ekuziphatheni kukahulumeni wethu. UQuigley uyabuza: “Ingabe singakwazi ukuthandazela ukuthula ngokwethembeka kuyilapho izwe lethu lihamba phambili emhlabeni ekulweni impi, ukuba khona kwezempi, ukusetshenziswa kwemali kwezempi nokudayiswa kwezikhali emhlabeni wonke?” Unikeza iziphakamiso ezinhlanu zokuthi singalishintsha kanjani leli qiniso, ezimbili zokuqala ukuthi, "funda amaqiniso futhi ubhekane neqiniso lokuthi i-US ingumkhiqizi omkhulu wezimpi emhlabeni" futhi "sizibophezele futhi sihlele abanye ekuguquguqukeni kweqiniso kwezindinganiso futhi sibhekane nezinkampani kanye nosopolitiki abaqhubeka nokufaka isizwe sethu empini futhi bafake isabelomali sezempi ngomoya oshisayo wokwesaba ukwesaba okungapheli. " UQuigley ugcizelela ukuthi, "Kulapho kuphela sisebenzela usuku lapho i-US ingaseyena umholi wezwe empini lapho siyoba nelungelo lokuthandazela ukuthula ngoSuku lweSikhumbuzo."
Esihlokweni esanyatheliswa kuyi-Boston Globe (1976), isazi-mlando sabantu u-Howard Zinn sinxuse abafundi ukuthi bacabange kabusha ngoSuku lweSikhumbuzo, esiluhloniphayo lolo suku, kanye nezinto eziza kuqala kuzwelonke. UDkt. Zinn wabhala: “Usuku Lwesikhumbuzo luzogujwa ... ngokukhashelwa okuvamile kwabafileyo, ngokushisekela izwe okuzenzisa kosopolitiki nosonkontileka abalungiselela izimpi ezengeziwe, amathuna engeziwe okwamukela izimbali ezengeziwe ngezinsuku zeSikhumbuzo ezizayo. Inkumbulo yabafileyo idinga ukuzinikela okuhlukile. Ekuthuleni, ekwedeleni ohulumeni.”.. “UMUsuku lwe-emorial kufanele lube usuku lokubeka izimbali emathuneni nokutshala izihlahla. Futhi, ngokucekela phansi izikhali ezibulalayo ezisibeka engozini ngaphezu kokusivikela, ezimosha izinsiza zethu futhi ezisongela izingane zethu nabazukulu.”
Usuku ngalunye lweSikhumbuzo, amalungu e AmaVeterans For Peace (VFP), inhlangano engenzi nzuzo yamazwe ngamazwe isebenza ukuqeda impi futhi ikhuthaze ukuthula, uhlanganyela ezinhlobonhlobo zezenzo zokubhikisha ezingenalo udlame emadolobheni nasemadolobheni kuzwelonke. Lo nyaka awuhlukile. Isenzo esikhulu se-VFP sizoba seWashington, DC, ngochungechunge lwemicimbi ebizwa ngokuthi “Omakadebona ngoMashi! Misa Impi Engapheli, Yakha Ukuthula,” May 29 and 30, 2017. I-VFP omakadebona bezempi, amalungu omndeni wezempi kanye nabalingani izohlangana e-DC ngokubambisana ukuqeda impi njengethuluzi lenqubomgomo kazwelonke; ukwakha isiko lokuthula; adalule izindleko zangempela zempi; futhi, phulukisa amanxeba empi.
Ngosuku lweSikhumbuzo, i-VFP nabangane bayo bazohlangana kulo mcimbi onesizotha nenhlonipho ukuzokwethula inkulumo izincwadi eVietnam Memorial Wall, okuhloswe ukuthi kube yisikhumbuzo sabo bonke amasosha kanye nezakhamuzi ezafela eVietnam kanye nazo zonke izimpi. I-VFP izokhala ngokulahlekelwa kwabantu okubuhlungu nokungavinjelwa, futhi icele abantu ukuthi balwele ukuqeda impi, egameni lalabo abangasekho nangenxa yabo bonke abaphila namuhla. Isikhumbuzo esithi "Izinhlamvu Ezisodongeni" siwumsebenzi we Vietnam Ukudalulwa Okugcwele Umkhankaso, iphrojekthi kazwelonke ye-VFP. Endabeni yakhe ethi, "Ukulungiselela Usuku Oluzayo LweSikhumbuzo," umsunguli we-CODEPINK uMedea Benjamin uxoxa ngendaba yomunye womakadebona abahlanganyela kulo msebenzi: "Njengoba udokotela wezilwane waseVietnam uDan Shea esho lapho ecabanga ngamagama aqoshiwe futhi angabhalwanga. eSikhumbuzweni saseVietnam, okuhlanganisa namagama alahlekile abantu baseVietnam kanye nazo zonke izisulu ze-Agent Orange, kuhlanganise nendodana yakhe siqu: “Kungani iVietnam? Kungani Afghanistan? Kungani i-Iraq? Kungani kunempi? .…Sengathi ukubhonga okukhulu kwezisulu zalolu dlame kungathulisa izigubhu ezishayelwa impi.”
NgoLwesibili, Meyi 30, i-VFP izophatha imisa rally eSikhumbuzweni sikaLincoln, lapho izikhulumi zizosho khona ngesibindi nangokuzwakalayo ukuthi kuqedwe impi, ukuhlasela kweplanethi yethu, nokuhlukunyezwa nokucindezelwa kwabo bonke abantu. Kuzophinde kwenziwe izikhalazo zokuthi abantu bamele ukuthula nobulungiswa, ekhaya naphesheya. Ngemva komhlangano, abahlanganyeli bazomasha bebheke e-White House bezokwethula uhlu lwazo izimfuno kuMongameli ebeka ukuthi udlame lombuso oluhlelekile oluvimbela indlela yokuphila enobulungiswa, enokuthula nesimeme yesizukulwane samanje nesakusasa kumele siphele ngokushesha. Ukuhlelela le rali/mashi kuqale ukuphendula ukugqugquzelwa kwe-VFP isitatimende mayelana neSabelomali Sezempi sikaTrump kanye nesifiso nomthwalo wemfanelo womakadebona, izakhamuzi kanye nabantu ukuveza ukumelana ngokuqinile nezinqubomgomo zikaTrump zokucwasa ngokwebala nokuphikisana nokuzibophezela ekutholeni indlela engcono yokuthula.
Ngaphezu kwalezi zenzo, i-VFP izophinde ivale isikhala endaweni yeSikhumbuzo sikaZwelonke ngokunikeza abantu ithuba lokufakaza esikhumbuzweni sokuvakasha kuzo zonke izindleko zempi nhlangothi zonke. Asigcini nje ngokuntula isikhumbuzo sokufa kwabantu baseMelika e-Iraq nase-Afghanistan nakwezinye izimpi zangemva kweVietnam, kodwa asinalo isikhumbuzo sokufa kwabantu abaningi ngokuzibulala kanye nemindeni edatshulwe yizimo ezibuhlungu zokuchayeka empini. Isikhumbuzo Sezinkemba Zokulima Belltower, umbhoshongo omude ongamafidi angu-24 ombozwe 'izitini' ezipheshulwa umoya eziyisiliva ezenziwe ngamathini agaywe kabusha, unikeza ithuba lokubingelela lezi zisulu zempi. Iqalwe yi-VFP's Eisenhower Chapter, iBelltower izinikezele ekumiseni umjikelezo wempi nobudlova, ukuphulukisa amanxeba zempi abangelwa izinhlangothi zombili zokungqubuzana, nokuhlinzeka ngenkundla yazo zonke izisulu ukuqala inqubo yokuphulukisa ebangelwa izimpi.
Joyina i-VFP eWashington, DC ngoMeyi 29 no-30 ukumisa ukucabanga kwe-hegemonic, ukudiliza inkimbinkimbi yezempi-yezimboni, futhi ufune ukuguqulwa kwezinto eziza kuqala kuzwelonke kusukela ekufeni nasekubhujisweni kuya ekuphakanyisweni komphakathi nokuthula. Lezi zinhloso ezabiwe zingafinyelelwa uma abantu abanele behlangana ndawonye futhi bahlanganyele oguqukweni olungenalo udlame lomphakathi ukuze kube nekusasa elingcono.
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UBrian Trautman ungumakadebona Wezempi Yase-US, ilungu lebhodi likazwelonke le-Veterans For Peace, kanye nomfundisi/isishoshovu sokuthula. Mlandele ku-Twitter: @BrianJTrautman.
