ngo-Maya Evans, Agasti 4, 2018, Voices for Creative Non-Violence
Ngisanda kufika e-Hiroshima neqembu lamaJapane “e-Okinawa eya e-Hiroshima abahamba ngokuthula” ababechithe cishe izinyanga ezimbili behamba emigwaqweni yase-Japan bebhikishela impi yase-US. Ngesikhathi esifanayo lapho sihamba khona, imashi yokuthula yase-Afghan eyayiqale ngoMeyi yayibekezelela i-700km yemigwaqo yase-Afghan, ingagqoke kahle izicathulo, isuka esifundazweni saseHelmand iya enhloko-dolobha yase-Afghanistan iKabul. Imashi yethu ibuke inqubekela phambili yabo ngesasasa nokuthuthumela. Iqembu lase-Afghan elingajwayelekile liqale njengabantu abayisithupha, abaphuma embhikishweni kanye nesiteleka sendlala enhlokodolobha yesifundazwe saseHelmand, iLashkar Gah, ngemuva kokuhlasela kokuzibulala lapho kwadala inqwaba yabantu abalimele. Njengoba beqala ukuhamba izinombolo zabo ngokushesha zanda zafinyelela ku-6 njengoba iqembu liqunga isibindi ngamabhomu eceleni komgwaqo, ukulwa phakathi kwamaqembu alwayo kanye nokukhathala ngenxa yokuhamba ogwadule phakathi nenyanga eqinile esheshayo yeRamadan.
Imashi yase-Afghan, okukholakala ukuthi ingeyokuqala ngqa, icela ukuthi kumiswe ukulwa isikhathi eside phakathi kwamaqembu alwayo kanye nokuhoxiswa kwamasosha angaphandle. Omunye umhambi wokuthula, ogama lakhe lingu-Abdullah Malik Hamdard, uzizwe sengathi akukho angamlahlekela ngokujoyina imashi. Uthe: “Wonke umuntu ucabanga ukuthi uzobulawa maduze nje, isimo sabaphilayo simuncu. Uma ungafeli empini, ubumpofu obubangelwa impi bungakubulala, yingakho ngicabanga ukuthi ukuphela kwenketho engisele nayo iwukuba ngijoyine uhide lokuthula.”
Abahambi ngokuthula baseJapan bamasha beyomisa ngokukhethekile ukwakhiwa kwenkundla yezindiza yase-US kanye nechweba elinedepho yezinhlamvu e-Henoko, e-Okinawa, okuzofezwa ngokugcwalisa i-Oura Bay, indawo yokuhlala ye-dugong kanye ne-coral eyingqayizivele emakhulwini eminyaka ubudala, kodwa eminye eminingi. izimpilo zisengozini. UKamoshita Shonin, umgqugquzeli wohambo lokuthula ohlala e-Okinawa, uthi: “Abantu basezweni laseJapane abezwa ngokuqhuma kwamabhomu okukhulu kwe-US eMpumalanga Ephakathi nase-Afghanistan, batshelwa ukuthi izisekelo ziyisivimbelo ngokumelene neNorth Korea neChina. , kodwa izisekelo akuzona ezokuvikela thina, zimayelana nokuhlasela amanye amazwe. Yingakho ngihlele uhambo.” Ngokudabukisayo, lezi zimashi ezimbili ezingaxhunywanga zabelane ngesizathu esisodwa esibuhlungu njengesishukumisayo.
Amacala akamuva empi yase-US e-Afghanistan ahlanganisa ukuqondiswa ngamabomu kwezinhlangano zemishado nemingcwabo, ukuboshwa ngaphandle kwecala nokuhlukunyezwa ekamu lasejele laseBagram, ukuqhunyiswa kwamabhomu esibhedlela se-MSF eKunduz, ukuwisa 'kuMama wawo wonke amabhomu' eNararhar, ngokungemthetho. ukuthuthwa kwabantu base-Afghan ukuya emajele amnyama ayimfihlo, ikamu lasejele laseGuantanamo Bay, kanye nokusetshenziswa kakhulu kwama-drones ahlomile. Kwenye indawo i-US iphazamise ngokuphelele i-Middle East kanye ne-Asia Ephakathi, ngokusho kweThe Physicians for Social Responsibility, endaweni. umbiko ekhishwe ngo-2015, bathi ukungenelela kwe-US e-Iraq, Afghanistan nasePakistan kuphela kubulale abantu abacela ezigidini ezi-2, nokuthi isibalo sasisondele ezigidini ezi-4 lapho kubalwa ukufa kwezakhamizi okubangelwa yi-US kwamanye amazwe, njengeSyria kanye. Yemen.
Iqembu laseJapan lihlose ukwenza imikhuleko yokuthula kulo Msombuluko e-Hiroshima ground zero, iminyaka engu-73 kuze kube usuku ngemva kokuba i-US iphonsa ibhomu le-athomu edolobheni, lahosha izimpilo zabantu abangu-140,000, ngokungangabazeki ubugebengu obubi kakhulu bempi 'owodwa' owenziwe e-United States. umlando womuntu. Ezinsukwini ezintathu kamuva i-US yashaya iNagasaki yabulala khona manjalo abangama-70,000. Ezinyangeni ezine ngemva kokuqhuma kwamabhomu inani lokufa lase lifinyelele ku-280,000 njengoba abalimele kanye nomthelela wemisebe uliphinda kabili inani labashonile.
Namuhla i-Okinawa, osekunesikhathi eside ihloselwe ukucwaswa yiziphathimandla zaseJapan, ihlalisa izizinda zamasosha angama-33 zase-US, ezithatha u-20% womhlaba, izindlu ezingaba ngu-30,000 kanye nabasemanzini base-US abenza izivivinyo eziyingozi zokuqeqeshwa okusukela ezindongeni ezilenga ezindizeni ezinophephela emhlane ze-Osprey (ezivamise ukwakhiwa ngaphezulu). -izindawo zokuhlala eziphakeme), ukuya ekuqeqesheni emahlathini okudlula amadolobhana, ngokuzikhukhumeza kusetshenziswa izingadi namapulazi abantu njengezindawo zokungqubuzana. Emabuthweni ayi-14,000 ase-US amiswe e-Afghanistan njengamanje, abaningi kwabaningi bebezoqeqeshwa e-Okinawa, baze bandiza basuka e-Japan Island baya ezisekelweni zase-US ezifana ne-Bagram.
Khonamanjalo e-Afghanistan abahambeli, abazibiza nge-'People's Peace Movement', balandelela ubuqhawe babo ngemibhikisho ngaphandle kwamahhovisi enxusa lamazwe ahlukene eKabul. Kuleli sonto bangaphandle kweNxusa lase-Iran bafuna kuphele ukugxambukela kwe-Iran ezindabeni zase-Afghan kanye nokuhlomisa amaqembu abo ahlomile ezweni. Akukho muntu esifundeni ukuthi i-US, ecaphuna lokho kugxambukela kwe-Iranian njengezaba zayo zokuzakhela impi ye-US-Iran, ingumnikezeli obi kakhulu wezikhali ezibulalayo namandla aqeda amandla esifundeni. Babambe imibhikisho yokuhlala ngaphandle kwehhovisi lenxusa laseMelika, iRussia, Pakistani kanye ne-UK, kanye namahhovisi e-UN eKabul.
Inhloko yenhlangano yabo ye-impromptu, u-Mohammad Iqbal Khyber, uthi leli qembu selisungule ikomiti elakhiwe abadala nezifundiswa zezenkolo. Isabelo sekomiti wukusuka eKabul liye ezindaweni ezilawulwa yiTaliban ukuyoxoxisana ngokuthula.
I-US ayikachazeli isu layo lesikhathi eside noma lokuphuma e-Afghanistan. NgoDisemba odlule iPhini likaMongameli uMike Pence wakhuluma namasosha ase-US e-Bagram: "Ngisho ngokuzethemba, ngenxa yenu nonke nabo bonke abake badlula kanye nabalingani bethu nozakwethu, ngikholelwa ukuthi ukunqoba kuseduze kunangaphambili."
Kodwa isikhathi esichithwe uhamba ngezinyawo asisondezi indawo oya kuyo uma ungenayo imephu. Muva nje inxusa lase-UK e-Afghanistan uSir Nicholas Kay, ngenkathi ekhuluma ngendlela yokuxazulula izingxabano e-Afghanistan uthe: "Anginayo impendulo." Akukaze kube khona impendulo yezempi ye-Afghanistan. Iminyaka eyishumi nesikhombisa 'yokusondela ekunqobeni' ekuqedeni ukumelana nezwe lesizwe elisathuthuka yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi "ukuhlulwa," kodwa uma impi iqhubeka, kukhulu ukunqotshwa kwabantu base-Afghanistan.
Ngokomlando i-UK ibishade eduze ne-US 'ebudlelwaneni bayo obukhethekile', icwilisa izimpilo zaseBrithani kanye nemali kukho konke ukungqubuzana okusungulwe yi-US. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-UK yayibambe iqhaza ekulahleni izikhali ezingama-2,911 e-Afghanistan ezinyangeni eziyisi-6 zokuqala zika-2018, futhi ekwandeni kukaMongameli uTrump okuphindwe kane kwenani lamabhomu ehla nsuku zonke ngabanduleli bakhe abathanda impi. Ngenyanga edlule uNdunankulu u-Theresa May wenyuse isibalo samasosha aseBrithani asebenza e-Afghanistan safinyelela ngaphezu kwenkulungwane, okuyisibopho esikhulu kunazo zonke samasosha ase-UK e-Afghanistan selokhu uDavid Cameron ahoxisa wonke amasosha empi eminyakeni emine edlule.
Ngokungakholakali, izihloko zezindaba zamanje zifundeka ukuthi ngemuva kweminyaka engu-17 yokulwa, uHulumeni wase-US kanye noHulumeni wase-Afghan bacubungula ukusebenzisana neTaliban eyeqisayo ukuze banqobe i-ISKP, 'i-franchise' yendawo ye-Daesh.
Khonamanjalo i-UNAMA isikhiphe umbiko wayo wamaphakathi nonyaka ngomonakalo owenziwe kubantu. Ithole ukuthi baningi abantu ababulewe ezinyangeni eziyisithupha zokuqala zika-2018 kunanoma yimuphi unyaka kusukela ngo-2009, lapho i-UNAMA iqala ukuqapha okuhlelekile. Lokhu kwenzeke naphezu kokumiswa kwe-Eid ul-Fitr, bonke abathintekayo kulo mbango, ngaphandle kwe-ISKP, bakuhloniphile.
Nsuku zonke ezinyangeni eziyisithupha zokuqala zika-2018, kwabulawa isilinganiso sabantu abayisishiyagalolunye base-Afghan, okuhlanganisa nezingane ezimbili, kule ngxabano. Isilinganiso sabantu abayishumi nesishiyagalolunye, kuhlanganise nezingane ezinhlanu, balimala nsuku zonke.
Kulo Mfumfu i-Afghanistan izongena onyakeni wayo we-18 wempi ne-US kanye nokusekela amazwe e-NATO. Labo bantu abasha asebebhalisela ukulwa macala onke babefake amanabukeni ngesikhathi kwenzeka u-9/11. Njengoba isizukulwane 'sempi yobushokobezi' sifika eminyakeni yobudala, isimo sabo esikhona siyimpi engapheli, ukuhlakazeka kwengqondo okuphelele kokuthi impi ayinakugwenywa, okwakuyinhloso yangempela yabenzi bezinqumo abalwayo asebecebe ngokwedlulele impango yempi.
Ngethemba futhi kukhona isizukulwane esithi "akusekho impi, sifuna izimpilo zethu zibuye", mhlawumbe umugqa wesiliva wefu likaTrump ukuthi abantu ekugcineni sebeqala ukuvuka futhi babone ukuntuleka okuphelele kokuhlakanipha ngemuva kwe-US kanye nezwe layo. izinqubomgomo zangaphandle nezasekhaya ezinonya, kuyilapho abantu belandela ezinyathelweni zabadali bokuthula abangenalo udlame abafana no-Abdul Ghafoor Khan, lolu shintsho luhamba lusuka phansi luye phezulu.
UMaya Evans ungumxhumanisi weVoices for Creative Nonviolence-UK, futhi usevakashele e-Afghanistan izikhathi eziyisishiyagalolunye kusukela ngo-2011. Ungumbhali kanye neKhansela ledolobha lakubo eHastings, eNgilandi.
Isithombe sika-Okinawa-Hiroshima Peace Walk ngekhredithi: Maya Evans
